Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-59991 (GCVE-0-2026-59991)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 19:11 – Updated: 2026-09-22 19:37

Title

psd-tools: Uncontrolled memory allocation in psd-tools composite/numpy via crafted PSD geometry

Summary

psd-tools is a Python package for working with Adobe Photoshop PSD files. Prior to 1.17.4, PSDImage.composite() and PSDImage.numpy() allocated output buffers from attacker-controlled PSD header geometry, including width, height, channels, depth, and per-layer rectangles, before validating those values against the available file data. A tiny crafted PSD could therefore cause multi-gigabyte memory allocation, and PSDImage.composite() could return a black image with only a warning instead of raising an exception. Services that composite untrusted PSD files could be terminated by out-of-memory handling. This issue is fixed in version 1.17.4.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-22 19:36 UTC

CWE

CWE-789 - Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/security/a…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/commit/a3d…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/releases/t…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
psd-tools	psd-tools	Affected: < 1.17.4	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-59991

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-09-22 20:17 - Updated: 2026-09-23 18:12

Severity

7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/commit/a3d9a53ad51e667b5772a4f636ca6f2e16f4b271
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/releases/tag/v1.17.4
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/security/advisories/GHSA-8q6g-vjhf-jp8m
	134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/security/advisories/GHSA-8q6g-vjhf-jp8m

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "psd-tools",
          "vendor": "psd-tools",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.17.4"
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    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "psd-tools is a Python package for working with Adobe Photoshop PSD files. Prior to 1.17.4, PSDImage.composite() and PSDImage.numpy() allocated output buffers from attacker-controlled PSD header geometry, including width, height, channels, depth, and per-layer rectangles, before validating those values against the available file data. A tiny crafted PSD could therefore cause multi-gigabyte memory allocation, and PSDImage.composite() could return a black image with only a warning instead of raising an exception. Services that composite untrusted PSD files could be terminated by out-of-memory handling. This issue is fixed in version 1.17.4."
    }
  ],
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  "lastModified": "2026-09-23T18:12:04.247",
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GHSA-8Q6G-VJHF-JP8M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-22 19:45 – Updated: 2026-09-22 19:45

Summary

psd-tools composite/numpy has uncontrolled memory allocation via crafted PSD geometry

Details

Summary

PSDImage.composite() (and .numpy()) allocate the output image buffer from the PSD's header geometry (width × height × channels × depth, and per-layer rectangles) before validating those values against the actual file contents. A tiny crafted PSD declaring huge dimensions causes a multi-gigabyte allocation. Critically, composite() then returns a (black) image with only a warning, no exception is raised, so a caller cannot detect or guard against it.

Impact

On psd-tools 1.17.2 (latest), default usage, a 49-byte PSD makes composite() commit ~3 GB and return successfully (warning only); .numpy() reaches ~7.5 GB, and the per-layer rectangle is a second lever (up to ~32 GB), all from an input under 100 bytes (input-to-commit amplification over 1000×). Because the buffer is committed before validation and no exception is thrown, any service that composites untrusted PSDs is exposed to denial of service: on a host with less RAM than the attacker-declared geometry the allocation is an unrecoverable OOM-kill.

Steps to reproduce

# pip install psd-tools==1.17.2
from psd_tools import PSDImage
psd = PSDImage.open("psd-psdtools-grammar-d23.psd")
psd.composite()   # commits ~3 GB from a 49-byte file and returns (warning only)

PoC (49 bytes), reconstruct with:

base64 -d > psd-psdtools-grammar-d23.psd <<'EOF'
OEJQUwABAAAAAAAAAAYAACg4AAAXTAAIAAMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUNIUIFU+yQtDw==
EOF

Verify:

7d8ebf03a54393cb0359ecf4b676d1b08c9a8c6afdd06671ef406d6893cce826  psd-psdtools-grammar-d23.psd

Root cause

The composite/numpy buffer is sized from the declared image (and per-layer) dimensions and channel/depth without checking them against the available data length or a sane maximum.

Suggested fix

Validate the declared dimensions, channel count, and per-layer rectangles against the actual file length (and a configurable maximum pixel/byte budget) before allocating; raise an error on overflow instead of committing the buffer and returning a black image.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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      "package": {
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        "name": "psd-tools"
      },
      "ranges": [
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    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-22T19:45:51Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n`PSDImage.composite()` (and `.numpy()`) allocate the output image buffer from the PSD\u0027s header geometry (width \u00d7 height \u00d7 channels \u00d7 depth, and per-layer rectangles) before validating those values against the actual file contents. A tiny crafted PSD declaring huge dimensions causes a multi-gigabyte allocation. Critically, `composite()` then returns a (black) image with only a warning, no exception is raised, so a caller cannot detect or guard against it.\n\n### Impact\nOn psd-tools 1.17.2 (latest), default usage, a 49-byte PSD makes `composite()` commit ~3 GB and return successfully (warning only); `.numpy()` reaches ~7.5 GB, and the per-layer rectangle is a second lever (up to ~32 GB), all from an input under 100 bytes (input-to-commit amplification over 1000\u00d7). Because the buffer is committed before validation and no exception is thrown, any service that composites untrusted PSDs is exposed to denial of service: on a host with less RAM than the attacker-declared geometry the allocation is an unrecoverable OOM-kill. \n\n### Steps to reproduce\n```python\n# pip install psd-tools==1.17.2\nfrom psd_tools import PSDImage\npsd = PSDImage.open(\"psd-psdtools-grammar-d23.psd\")\npsd.composite()   # commits ~3 GB from a 49-byte file and returns (warning only)\n```\n\nPoC (49 bytes), reconstruct with:\n```sh\nbase64 -d \u003e psd-psdtools-grammar-d23.psd \u003c\u003c\u0027EOF\u0027\nOEJQUwABAAAAAAAAAAYAACg4AAAXTAAIAAMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUNIUIFU+yQtDw==\nEOF\n```\nVerify:\n```\n7d8ebf03a54393cb0359ecf4b676d1b08c9a8c6afdd06671ef406d6893cce826  psd-psdtools-grammar-d23.psd\n```\n\n### Root cause\nThe composite/numpy buffer is sized from the declared image (and per-layer) dimensions and channel/depth without checking them against the available data length or a sane maximum.\n\n### Suggested fix\nValidate the declared dimensions, channel count, and per-layer rectangles against the actual file length (and a configurable maximum pixel/byte budget) before allocating; raise an error on overflow instead of committing the buffer and returning a black image.",
  "id": "GHSA-8q6g-vjhf-jp8m",
  "modified": "2026-09-22T19:45:51Z",
  "published": "2026-09-22T19:45:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/security/advisories/GHSA-8q6g-vjhf-jp8m"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/commit/a3d9a53ad51e667b5772a4f636ca6f2e16f4b271"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/releases/tag/v1.17.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "psd-tools composite/numpy has uncontrolled memory allocation via crafted PSD geometry"
}

UBUNTU-CVE-2026-59991 (CVE-2026-59991)

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu – Published: 2026-09-22 20:17 – Updated: 2026-09-22 20:17 – Source website

Details

Severity

7.5 (High)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

N/A (UNKNOWN)


                    
                      medium

References

URL

Type

	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-59991	REPORT
	https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-59991	REPORT
	https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/commit/a3d…	REPORT
	https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/releases/t…	REPORT
	https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/security/a…	REPORT

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-psd-tools",
            "binary_version": "1.9.30+dfsg.1-1build1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:24.04:LTS",
        "name": "psd-tools",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/psd-tools@1.9.30+dfsg.1-1build1?arch=source\u0026distro=noble"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.9.28+dfsg.1-1",
        "1.9.28+dfsg.1-1build1",
        "1.9.30+dfsg.1-1",
        "1.9.30+dfsg.1-1build1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "python3-psd-tools",
            "binary_version": "1.12.1+dfsg.1-1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:26.04:LTS",
        "name": "psd-tools",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/psd-tools@1.12.1+dfsg.1-1?arch=source\u0026distro=resolute"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.10.7+dfsg.1-1",
        "1.10.7+dfsg.1-1build1",
        "1.10.9+dfsg.1-1",
        "1.12.0+dfsg.1-1",
        "1.12.1+dfsg.1-1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "psd-tools is a Python package for working with Adobe Photoshop PSD files. Prior to 1.17.4, PSDImage.composite() and PSDImage.numpy() allocated output buffers from attacker-controlled PSD header geometry, including width, height, channels, depth, and per-layer rectangles, before validating those values against the available file data. A tiny crafted PSD could therefore cause multi-gigabyte memory allocation, and PSDImage.composite() could return a black image with only a warning instead of raising an exception. Services that composite untrusted PSD files could be terminated by out-of-memory handling. This issue is fixed in version 1.17.4.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2026-59991",
  "modified": "2026-09-22T20:17:00Z",
  "published": "2026-09-22T20:17:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-59991"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-59991"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/commit/a3d9a53ad51e667b5772a4f636ca6f2e16f4b271"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/releases/tag/v1.17.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/psd-tools/psd-tools/security/advisories/GHSA-8q6g-vjhf-jp8m"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-59991"
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

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Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-59991 (GCVE-0-2026-59991)

FKIE_CVE-2026-59991

GHSA-8Q6G-VJHF-JP8M

Summary

Impact

Steps to reproduce

Root cause

Suggested fix

UBUNTU-CVE-2026-59991 (CVE-2026-59991)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour