Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-78685 (GCVE-0-2026-78685)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 02:05 – Updated: 2026-08-25 15:23

Title

Le-yan｜Medical Practice Management System - Remote Code Execution

Summary

Medical Practice Management System developed by Le-yan has a Remote Code Execution vulnerability. Unauthenticated remote attackers can execute arbitrary OS commamnds via a crafted HTML page.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-25 15:22 UTC

CWE

CWE-940 - Improper Verification of Source of a Communication Channel

Assigner

twcert mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-11127-cda76-1.html	third-party-advisory
https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-11128-8bd30-2.html	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
Le-yan	Medical Practice Management System	Affected: 2.4.2.8 , ≤ 2.5.1.9 (custom)	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-78685

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-08-25 03:16 - Updated: 2026-08-26 16:40

Severity

8.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

Medical Practice Management System developed by Le-yan has a Remote Code Execution vulnerability. Unauthenticated remote attackers can execute arbitrary OS commamnds via a crafted HTML page.

References

	URL	Tags
	twcert@cert.org.tw	https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-11128-8bd30-2.html
	twcert@cert.org.tw	https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-11127-cda76-1.html

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Medical Practice Management System",
          "vendor": "Le-yan",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "2.5.1.9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.4.2.8",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "twcert@cert.org.tw"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
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    {
      "lang": "en",
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    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-78685",
  "lastModified": "2026-08-26T16:40:21.650",
  "metrics": {
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        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 8.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "twcert@cert.org.tw",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
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    "cvssMetricV40": [
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          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 8.6,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
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        },
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  "references": [
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      "source": "twcert@cert.org.tw",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-11128-8bd30-2.html"
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      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-11127-cda76-1.html"
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        {
          "lang": "en",
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      ],
      "source": "twcert@cert.org.tw",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-79CF-7RFQ-5Q6F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 03:32 – Updated: 2026-08-25 03:32

Details

Medical Practice Management System developed by Le-yan has a Remote Code Execution vulnerability. Unauthenticated remote attackers can execute arbitrary OS commamnds via a crafted HTML page.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

8.6 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-78685"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-940"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T03:16:58Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Medical Practice Management System developed by Le-yan has a Remote Code Execution vulnerability. Unauthenticated remote attackers can execute arbitrary OS commamnds via a crafted HTML page.",
  "id": "GHSA-79cf-7rfq-5q6f",
  "modified": "2026-08-25T03:32:12Z",
  "published": "2026-08-25T03:32:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-11128-8bd30-2.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-11127-cda76-1.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-78685 (GCVE-0-2026-78685)

FKIE_CVE-2026-78685

GHSA-79CF-7RFQ-5Q6F

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour