Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-4Q56-CRQP-V477

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 22:23 – Updated: 2025-04-01 22:23

Summary

Remix and React Router allow URL manipulation via Host / X-Forwarded-Host headers

Details

Impact

We received a report about a vulnerability in Remix/React Router that affects all Remix 2 and React Router 7 consumers using the Express adapter. Basically, this vulnerability allows anyone to spoof the URL used in an incoming Request by putting a URL pathname in the port section of a URL that is part of a Host or X-Forwarded-Host header sent to a Remix/React Router request handler.

Patches

This issue has been patched and released in Remix 2.16.3 React Router 7.4.1.

Credits

Rachid Allam (zhero;)
Yasser Allam (inzo_)

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@react-router/express"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "7.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@remix-run/express"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.11.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.16.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-31137"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-444"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-04-01T22:23:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-01T19:15:45Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nWe received a report about a vulnerability in Remix/React Router that affects all Remix 2 and React Router 7 consumers using the Express adapter. Basically, this vulnerability allows anyone to spoof the URL used in an incoming `Request` by putting a URL pathname in the port section of a URL that is part of a `Host` or `X-Forwarded-Host` header sent to a Remix/React Router request handler.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis issue has been patched and released in Remix 2.16.3 React Router 7.4.1.\n\n### Credits\n\n- Rachid Allam (zhero;)\n- Yasser Allam (inzo_)",
  "id": "GHSA-4q56-crqp-v477",
  "modified": "2025-04-01T22:23:33Z",
  "published": "2025-04-01T22:23:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/remix-run/react-router/security/advisories/GHSA-4q56-crqp-v477"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31137"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/remix-run/react-router"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Remix and React Router allow URL manipulation via Host / X-Forwarded-Host headers"
}

CVE-2025-31137 (GCVE-0-2025-31137)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-01 18:20 – Updated: 2025-04-02 15:11

Title

Remix and React Router allow URL manipulation via Host / X-Forwarded-Host headers

Summary

React Router is a multi-strategy router for React bridging the gap from React 18 to React 19. There is a vulnerability in Remix/React Router that affects all Remix 2 and React Router 7 consumers using the Express adapter. Basically, this vulnerability allows anyone to spoof the URL used in an incoming Request by putting a URL pathname in the port section of a URL that is part of a Host or X-Forwarded-Host header sent to a Remix/React Router request handler. This issue has been patched and released in Remix 2.16.3 and React Router 7.4.1.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-04-02 15:10 UTC

CWE

CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/remix-run/react-router/securit…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
remix-run	react-router	Affected: >= 7.0.0, < 7.4.1 Affected: >= 2.11.1, < 2.16.3

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-31137",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-02T15:10:40.932074Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-04-02T15:11:11.594Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "react-router",
          "vendor": "remix-run",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 7.0.0, \u003c 7.4.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.11.1, \u003c 2.16.3"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "React Router is a multi-strategy router for React bridging the gap from React 18 to React 19. There is a vulnerability in Remix/React Router that affects all Remix 2 and React Router 7 consumers using the Express adapter. Basically, this vulnerability allows anyone to spoof the URL used in an incoming Request by putting a URL pathname in the port section of a URL that is part of a Host or X-Forwarded-Host header sent to a Remix/React Router request handler. This issue has been patched and released in Remix 2.16.3 and React Router 7.4.1."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-444",
              "description": "CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests (\u0027HTTP Request/Response Smuggling\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-04-01T18:20:32.660Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/remix-run/react-router/security/advisories/GHSA-4q56-crqp-v477",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/remix-run/react-router/security/advisories/GHSA-4q56-crqp-v477"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-4q56-crqp-v477",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Remix and React Router allow URL manipulation via Host / X-Forwarded-Host headers"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-31137",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-01T18:20:32.660Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-03-26T15:04:52.627Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-04-02T15:11:11.594Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.