{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "Crawl4AI"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.8.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-16T20:59:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in the Crawl4AI Docker API deployment. The `/crawl` endpoint accepts a `hooks` parameter containing Python code that is executed using `exec()`. The `__import__` builtin was included in the allowed builtins, allowing attackers to import arbitrary modules and execute system commands.\n\n**Attack Vector:**\n```json\nPOST /crawl\n{\n  \"urls\": [\"https://example.com\"],\n  \"hooks\": {\n    \"code\": {\n      \"on_page_context_created\": \"async def hook(page, context, **kwargs):\\n    __import__(\u0027os\u0027).system(\u0027malicious_command\u0027)\\n    return page\"\n    }\n  }\n}\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAn unauthenticated attacker can:\n- Execute arbitrary system commands\n- Read/write files on the server\n- Exfiltrate sensitive data (environment variables, API keys)\n- Pivot to internal network services\n- Completely compromise the server\n\n### Mitigation\n\n1. **Upgrade to v0.8.0** (recommended)\n2. If unable to upgrade immediately:\n   - Disable the Docker API\n   - Block `/crawl` endpoint at network level\n   - Add authentication to the API\n\n### Fix Details\n\n1. Removed `__import__` from `allowed_builtins` in `hook_manager.py`\n2. Hooks disabled by default (`CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED=false`)\n3. Users must explicitly opt-in to enable hooks\n\n### Credits\n\nDiscovered by Neo by ProjectDiscovery (https://projectdiscovery.io)",
  "id": "GHSA-5882-5rx9-xgxp",
  "modified": "2026-01-16T20:59:16Z",
  "published": "2026-01-16T20:59:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/security/advisories/GHSA-5882-5rx9-xgxp"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/blob/release/v0.8.0/docs/blog/release-v0.8.0.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/blob/release/v0.8.0/docs/migration/v0.8.0-upgrade-guide.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Crawl4AI is Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in Docker API via Hooks Parameter"
}