github - GHSA-pr3r-4wrp-r2pv

GHSA-PR3R-4WRP-R2PV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2017-10-24 18:33 – Updated: 2023-07-04 00:01

Summary

ActiveRecord in Ruby on Rails allows database-query bypass

Details

Active Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain "[nil]" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.

Severity ?

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.2.7.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "activerecord"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.7.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-6317"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:49:56Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Active Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain \"[nil]\" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.",
  "id": "GHSA-pr3r-4wrp-r2pv",
  "modified": "2023-07-04T00:01:26Z",
  "published": "2017-10-24T18:33:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6317"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activerecord/CVE-2016-6317.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/ruby-security-ann/WccgKSKiPZA"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/rgO20zYW33s"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1855.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2016/8/11/Rails-5-0-0-1-4-2-7-2-and-3-2-22-3-have-been-released"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/08/11/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ActiveRecord in Ruby on Rails allows database-query bypass"
}

GSD-2016-6317

Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2016-08-11 00:00

Details

There is a vulnerability when Active Record is used in conjunction with JSON parameter parsing. This vulnerability is similar to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694 and CVE-2013-0155. Impact ------ Due to the way Active Record interprets parameters in combination with the way that JSON parameters are parsed, it is possible for an attacker to issue unexpected database queries with "IS NULL" or empty where clauses. This issue does *not* let an attacker insert arbitrary values into an SQL query, however they can cause the query to check for NULL or eliminate a WHERE clause when most users wouldn't expect it. For example, a system has password reset with token functionality: ```ruby unless params[:token].nil? user = User.find_by_token(params[:token]) user.reset_password! end ``` An attacker can craft a request such that `params[:token]` will return `[nil]`. The `[nil]` value will bypass the test for nil, but will still add an "IN ('xyz', NULL)" clause to the SQL query. Similarly, an attacker can craft a request such that `params[:token]` will return an empty hash. An empty hash will eliminate the WHERE clause of the query, but can bypass the `nil?` check. Note that this impacts not only dynamic finders (`find_by_*`) but also relations (`User.where(:name => params[:name])`). All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the work arounds immediately. All users running an affected release should upgrade immediately. Please note, this vulnerability is a variant of CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155. Even if you upgraded to address those issues, you must take action again. If this chance in behavior impacts your application, you can manually decode the original values from the request like so: `ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(request.body)` Workarounds ----------- This problem can be mitigated by casting the parameter to a string before passing it to Active Record. For example: ```ruby unless params[:token].nil? || params[:token].to_s.empty? user = User.find_by_token(params[:token].to_s) user.reset_password! end ```

Aliases

CVE-2016-6317

JSON

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    "description": "Action Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain \"[nil]\" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.",
    "id": "GSD-2016-6317",
    "references": [
      "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-6317.html",
      "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1855"
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      "id": "GSD-2016-6317",
      "modified": "2016-08-11T00:00:00.000Z",
      "published": "2016-08-11T00:00:00.000Z",
      "references": [
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      "description": "There is a vulnerability when Active Record is used in conjunction with JSON\nparameter parsing. This vulnerability is similar to CVE-2012-2660,\nCVE-2012-2694 and CVE-2013-0155.\n\nImpact\n------\n\nDue to the way Active Record interprets parameters in combination with the way\nthat JSON parameters are parsed, it is possible for an attacker to issue\nunexpected database queries with \"IS NULL\" or empty where clauses.  This issue\ndoes *not* let an attacker insert arbitrary values into an SQL query, however\nthey can cause the query to check for NULL or eliminate a WHERE clause when\nmost users wouldn\u0027t expect it.\n\nFor example, a system has password reset with token functionality:\n\n```ruby\n    unless params[:token].nil?\n      user = User.find_by_token(params[:token])\n      user.reset_password!\n    end\n```\n\nAn attacker can craft a request such that `params[:token]` will return\n`[nil]`.  The `[nil]` value will bypass the test for nil, but will still add\nan \"IN (\u0027xyz\u0027, NULL)\" clause to the SQL query.\n\nSimilarly, an attacker can craft a request such that `params[:token]` will\nreturn an empty hash.  An empty hash will eliminate the WHERE clause of the\nquery, but can bypass the `nil?` check.\n\nNote that this impacts not only dynamic finders (`find_by_*`) but also\nrelations (`User.where(:name =\u003e params[:name])`).\n\nAll users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the\nwork arounds immediately. All users running an affected release should upgrade\nimmediately. Please note, this vulnerability is a variant of CVE-2012-2660,\nCVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.  Even if you upgraded to address those\nissues, you must take action again.\n\nIf this chance in behavior impacts your application, you can manually decode\nthe original values from the request like so:\n\n    `ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(request.body)`\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\nThis problem can be mitigated by casting the parameter to a string before\npassing it to Active Record.  For example:\n\n  ```ruby\n    unless params[:token].nil? || params[:token].to_s.empty?\n      user = User.find_by_token(params[:token].to_s)\n      user.reset_password!\n    end\n  ```\n",
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      "gem": "activerecord",
      "ghsa": "pr3r-4wrp-r2pv",
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      "title": "Unsafe Query Generation Risk in Active Record",
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          "credit": "joernchen of Phenoelit",
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          "package_slug": "gem/rails",
          "pubdate": "2016-09-07",
          "solution": "Upgrade to versions 4.2.8 or above.",
          "title": "Improper Access Control",
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      "impact": {
        "baseMetricV2": {
          "cvssV2": {
            "accessComplexity": "LOW",
            "accessVector": "NETWORK",
            "authentication": "NONE",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.0,
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N",
            "version": "2.0"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 10.0,
          "impactScore": 2.9,
          "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
          "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
          "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
          "severity": "MEDIUM",
          "userInteractionRequired": false
        },
        "baseMetricV3": {
          "cvssV3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
          "impactScore": 3.6
        }
      },
      "lastModifiedDate": "2019-08-08T15:16Z",
      "publishedDate": "2016-09-07T19:28Z"
    }
  }
}

CVE-2016-6317 (GCVE-0-2016-6317)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2016-09-07 19:00 – Updated: 2024-08-06 01:29

Summary

Action Record in Ruby on Rails 4.2.x before 4.2.7.1 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain "[nil]" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660, CVE-2012-2694, and CVE-2013-0155.

Severity ?

No CVSS data available.

CWE

Assigner

redhat

References

URL

Tags

	http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92434	vdb-entryx_refsource_BID
	http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/08/11/4	mailing-listx_refsource_MLIST
	http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1855.html	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
	http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2016/8/11/Rails-5-0…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://groups.google.com/forum/#%21topic/ruby-se…	mailing-listx_refsource_MLIST

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

GHSA-PR3R-4WRP-R2PV

GSD-2016-6317

CVE-2016-6317 (GCVE-0-2016-6317)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature