Vulnerability-Lookup

Vulnerability from cleanstart

Published

2026-04-16 00:40

Modified

2026-04-15 10:23

Summary

Details

Multiple security vulnerabilities affect the kserve-modelmesh package. Hostname verification in Apache ZooKeeper ZKTrustManager falls back to reverse DNS (PTR) when IP SAN validation fails, allowing attackers who control or spoof PTR records to impersonate ZooKeeper servers or clients with a valid certificate for the PTR name. See references for individual vulnerability details.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

URL

Type

	https://github.com/cleanstart-dev/cleanstart-secu…	ADVISORY
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-67735	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-68161	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-1225	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-24281	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-24308	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-33870	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-33871	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-25qh-j22f-pwp8	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-389x-839f-4rhx	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-3p8m-j85q-pgmj	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-4cx2-fc23-5wg6	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-4g8c-wm8x-jfhw	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-72hv-8253-57qq	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-735f-pc8j-v9w8	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-7xrh-hqfc-g7qr	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-84h7-rjj3-6jx4	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-crhr-qqj8-rpxc	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-fghv-69vj-qj49	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-prj3-ccx8-p6x4	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-pwqr-wmgm-9rr8	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-qqpg-mvqg-649v	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-vc5p-v9hr-52mj	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-w9fj-cfpg-grvv	WEB
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-xq3w-v528-46rv	WEB
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67735	WEB
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68161	WEB
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1225	WEB
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24281	WEB
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24308	WEB
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33870	WEB
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33871	WEB

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "CleanStart",
        "name": "kserve-modelmesh"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.12.0-r16"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "credits": [],
  "database_specific": {},
  "details": "Multiple security vulnerabilities affect the kserve-modelmesh package. Hostname verification in Apache ZooKeeper ZKTrustManager falls back to reverse DNS (PTR) when IP SAN validation fails, allowing attackers who control or spoof PTR records to impersonate ZooKeeper servers or clients with a valid certificate for the PTR name. See references for individual vulnerability details.",
  "id": "CLEANSTART-2026-EZ90321",
  "modified": "2026-04-15T10:23:29Z",
  "published": "2026-04-16T00:40:49.655378Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/cleanstart-dev/cleanstart-security-advisories/tree/main/advisories/2026/CLEANSTART-2026-EZ90321.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-67735"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-68161"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-1225"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-24281"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-24308"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-33870"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-33871"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-25qh-j22f-pwp8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-389x-839f-4rhx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-3p8m-j85q-pgmj"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-4cx2-fc23-5wg6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-4g8c-wm8x-jfhw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-72hv-8253-57qq"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-735f-pc8j-v9w8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-7xrh-hqfc-g7qr"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-84h7-rjj3-6jx4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-crhr-qqj8-rpxc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-fghv-69vj-qj49"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-prj3-ccx8-p6x4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-pwqr-wmgm-9rr8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-qqpg-mvqg-649v"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-vc5p-v9hr-52mj"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-w9fj-cfpg-grvv"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-xq3w-v528-46rv"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67735"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68161"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1225"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24281"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24308"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33870"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33871"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.3",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Hostname verification in Apache ZooKeeper ZKTrustManager falls back to reverse DNS (PTR) when IP SAN validation fails, allowing attackers who control or spoof PTR records to impersonate ZooKeeper s...",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-67735",
    "CVE-2025-68161",
    "CVE-2026-1225",
    "CVE-2026-24281",
    "CVE-2026-24308",
    "CVE-2026-33870",
    "CVE-2026-33871",
    "ghsa-25qh-j22f-pwp8",
    "ghsa-389x-839f-4rhx",
    "ghsa-3p8m-j85q-pgmj",
    "ghsa-4cx2-fc23-5wg6",
    "ghsa-4g8c-wm8x-jfhw",
    "ghsa-72hv-8253-57qq",
    "ghsa-735f-pc8j-v9w8",
    "ghsa-7xrh-hqfc-g7qr",
    "ghsa-84h7-rjj3-6jx4",
    "ghsa-crhr-qqj8-rpxc",
    "ghsa-fghv-69vj-qj49",
    "ghsa-prj3-ccx8-p6x4",
    "ghsa-pwqr-wmgm-9rr8",
    "ghsa-qqpg-mvqg-649v",
    "ghsa-vc5p-v9hr-52mj",
    "ghsa-w9fj-cfpg-grvv",
    "ghsa-xq3w-v528-46rv"
  ]
}

CVE-2025-67735 (GCVE-0-2025-67735)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 00:19 – Updated: 2025-12-16 14:26

Title

Netty has a CRLF Injection vulnerability in io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestEncoder

Summary

Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.129.Final and 4.2.8.Final, the `io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestEncoder` has a CRLF injection with the request URI when constructing a request. This leads to request smuggling when `HttpRequestEncoder` is used without proper sanitization of the URI. Any application / framework using `HttpRequestEncoder` can be subject to be abused to perform request smuggling using CRLF injection. Versions 4.1.129.Final and 4.2.8.Final fix the issue.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CWE

CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisorie…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
netty	netty	Affected: >= 4.2.0.Alpha1, < 4.2.8.Final Affected: < 4.1.129.Final

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
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        "metrics": [
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              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-67735",
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                    "Automatable": "yes"
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                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-16T14:26:21.658602Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
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        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
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          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-84h7-rjj3-6jx4"
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      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-84h7-rjj3-6jx4",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Netty has a CRLF Injection vulnerability in io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestEncoder"
    }
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    "dateReserved": "2025-12-11T00:45:45.790Z",
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    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2025-68161 (GCVE-0-2025-68161)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-18 20:47 – Updated: 2026-04-10 16:18

Title

Apache Log4j Core: Missing TLS hostname verification in Socket appender

Summary

The Socket Appender in Apache Log4j Core versions 2.0-beta9 through 2.25.2 does not perform TLS hostname verification of the peer certificate, even when the verifyHostName https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/appenders/network.html#SslConfiguration-attr-verifyHostName configuration attribute or the log4j2.sslVerifyHostName https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/systemproperties.html#log4j2.sslVerifyHostName system property is set to true. This issue may allow a man-in-the-middle attacker to intercept or redirect log traffic under the following conditions: * The attacker is able to intercept or redirect network traffic between the client and the log receiver. * The attacker can present a server certificate issued by a certification authority trusted by the Socket Appender’s configured trust store (or by the default Java trust store if no custom trust store is configured). Users are advised to upgrade to Apache Log4j Core version 2.25.3, which addresses this issue. As an alternative mitigation, the Socket Appender may be configured to use a private or restricted trust root to limit the set of trusted certificates.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N

CWE

CWE-297 - Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch

Assigner

apache

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/apache/logging-log4j2/pull/4002	patch
https://logging.apache.org/security.html#CVE-2025-68161	vendor-advisory
https://logging.apache.org/cyclonedx/vdr.xml	vendor-advisory
https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/syste…	related
https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/appen…	related
https://lists.apache.org/thread/xr33kyxq3sl67lwb6…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Apache Software Foundation	Apache Log4j Core	Affected: 2.0-beta9 , < 2.25.3 (maven) Affected: 3.0.0-alpha1 , ≤ 3.0.0-beta3 (maven) cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j::::::::

Credits

Samuli Leinonen

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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                "id": "CVE-2025-68161",
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-18T21:34:24.735166Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
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          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
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          "packageName": "org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core",
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          "value": "The Socket Appender in Apache Log4j Core versions 2.0-beta9 through 2.25.2 does not perform TLS hostname verification of the peer certificate, even when the  verifyHostName https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/appenders/network.html#SslConfiguration-attr-verifyHostName  configuration attribute or the  log4j2.sslVerifyHostName https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/systemproperties.html#log4j2.sslVerifyHostName  system property is set to true.\n\nThis issue may allow a man-in-the-middle attacker to intercept or redirect log traffic under the following conditions:\n\n  *  The attacker is able to intercept or redirect network traffic between the client and the log receiver.\n  *  The attacker can present a server certificate issued by a certification authority trusted by the Socket Appender\u2019s configured trust store (or by the default Java trust store if no custom trust store is configured).\n\n\nUsers are advised to upgrade to Apache Log4j Core version 2.25.3, which addresses this issue.\n\nAs an alternative mitigation, the Socket Appender may be configured to use a private or restricted trust root to limit the set of trusted certificates."
        }
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          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
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CVE-2026-1225 (GCVE-0-2026-1225)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-22 09:24 – Updated: 2026-01-22 14:14

Title

Malicious logback.xml configuration file allows instantiation of arbitrary classes

Summary

ACE vulnerability in configuration file processing by QOS.CH logback-core up to and including version 1.5.24 in Java applications, allows an attacker to instantiate classes already present on the class path by compromising an existing logback configuration file. The instantiation of a potentially malicious Java class requires that said class is present on the user's class-path. In addition, the attacker must have write access to a configuration file. However, after successful instantiation, the instance is very likely to be discarded with no further ado.

Severity

1.8 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/S:N/AU:N/RE:M/U:Green

CWE

CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation

Assigner

NCSC.ch

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://logback.qos.ch/news.html#1.5.25

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
QOS.CH Sarl	Logback-core	Affected: 0.9.20 , ≤ 1.5.24 (maven) Unaffected: 1.5.25

Credits

https://www.code-intelligence.com/ Google Fuzz

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-24281 (GCVE-0-2026-24281)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-07 08:50 – Updated: 2026-03-10 17:37

Title

Apache ZooKeeper: Reverse-DNS fallback enables hostname verification bypass in ZooKeeper ZKTrustManager

Summary

Hostname verification in Apache ZooKeeper ZKTrustManager falls back to reverse DNS (PTR) when IP SAN validation fails, allowing attackers who control or spoof PTR records to impersonate ZooKeeper servers or clients with a valid certificate for the PTR name. It's important to note that attacker must present a certificate which is trusted by ZKTrustManager which makes the attack vector harder to exploit. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.8.6 or 3.9.5, which fixes this issue by introducing a new configuration option to disable reverse DNS lookup in client and quorum protocols.

Severity

No CVSS data available.

CWE

CWE-350 - Reliance on Reverse DNS Resolution for a Security-Critical Action
CWE-295 - Improper Certificate Validation

Assigner

apache

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://lists.apache.org/thread/088ddsbrzhd5lxzbq…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Apache Software Foundation	Apache ZooKeeper	Affected: 3.9.0 , ≤ 3.9.4 (maven) Affected: 3.8.0 , ≤ 3.8.5 (maven)

Credits

Nikita Markevich <markevich.nikita1@gmail.com>

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-24308 (GCVE-0-2026-24308)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-07 08:51 – Updated: 2026-03-10 17:36

Title

Apache ZooKeeper: Sensitive information disclosure in client configuration handling

Summary

Improper handling of configuration values in ZKConfig in Apache ZooKeeper 3.8.5 and 3.9.4 on all platforms allows an attacker to expose sensitive information stored in client configuration in the client's logfile. Configuration values are exposed at INFO level logging rendering potential production systems affected by the issue. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.8.6 or 3.9.5 which fixes this issue.

Severity

No CVSS data available.

CWE

CWE-532 - Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File

Assigner

apache

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://lists.apache.org/thread/qng3rtzv2pqkmko4r…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Apache Software Foundation	Apache ZooKeeper	Affected: 3.9.0 , ≤ 3.9.4 (maven) Affected: 3.8.0 , ≤ 3.8.5 (maven)

Credits

Youlong Chen <chenyoulong20g@ict.ac.cn>

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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      "title": "Apache ZooKeeper: Sensitive information disclosure in client configuration handling",
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    "datePublished": "2026-03-07T08:51:17.567Z",
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    "dateUpdated": "2026-03-10T17:36:03.931Z",
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}

CVE-2026-33870 (GCVE-0-2026-33870)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 19:54 – Updated: 2026-03-31 13:55

Title

Netty: HTTP Request Smuggling via Chunked Extension Quoted-String Parsing

Summary

Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final, Netty incorrectly parses quoted strings in HTTP/1.1 chunked transfer encoding extension values, enabling request smuggling attacks. Versions 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final fix the issue.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CWE

CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisorie…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://w4ke.info/2025/06/18/funky-chunks.html	x_refsource_MISC
https://w4ke.info/2025/10/29/funky-chunks-2.html	x_refsource_MISC
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
netty	netty	Affected: < 4.1.132.Final Affected: >= 4.2.0.Alpha1, < 4.2.10.Final

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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  "containers": {
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CVE-2026-33871 (GCVE-0-2026-33871)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 19:55 – Updated: 2026-03-31 18:54

Title

Netty HTTP/2 CONTINUATION Frame Flood DoS via Zero-Byte Frame Bypass

Summary

Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final, a remote user can trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) against a Netty HTTP/2 server by sending a flood of `CONTINUATION` frames. The server's lack of a limit on the number of `CONTINUATION` frames, combined with a bypass of existing size-based mitigations using zero-byte frames, allows an user to cause excessive CPU consumption with minimal bandwidth, rendering the server unresponsive. Versions 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final fix the issue.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CWE

CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisorie…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
netty	netty	Affected: < 4.1.132.Final Affected: >= 4.2.0.Alpha1, < 4.2.10.Final

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
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              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-33871",
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        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
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    ],
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          "vendor": "netty",
          "versions": [
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        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
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            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
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GHSA-25QH-J22F-PWP8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-01 09:30 – Updated: 2025-10-31 20:17

Summary

QOS.CH logback-core is vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution through file processing

Details

QOS.CH logback-core versions up to 1.5.18 contain an ACE vulnerability in conditional configuration file processing in Java applications. This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code by compromising an existing logback configuration file or by injecting a malicious environment variable before program execution.

A successful attack requires the Janino library and Spring Framework to be present on the user's class path. Additionally, the attacker must have write access to a configuration file. Alternatively, the attacker could inject a malicious environment variable pointing to a malicious configuration file. In both cases, the attack requires existing privileges.

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "ch.qos.logback:logback-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.5.19"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "ch.qos.logback:logback-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.3.16"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-11226"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-10-21T21:10:11Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-01T08:15:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "QOS.CH logback-core versions up to 1.5.18 contain an ACE vulnerability in conditional configuration file processing in Java applications. This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code by compromising an existing logback configuration file or by injecting a malicious environment variable before program execution.\n\nA successful attack requires the Janino library and Spring Framework to be present on the user\u0027s class path. Additionally, the attacker must have write access to a configuration file. Alternatively, the attacker could inject a malicious environment variable pointing to a malicious configuration file. In both cases, the attack requires existing privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-25qh-j22f-pwp8",
  "modified": "2025-10-31T20:17:45Z",
  "published": "2025-10-01T09:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11226"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/qos-ch/logback/issues/974"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/qos-ch/logback/commit/61f6a2544f36b3016e0efd434ee21f19269f1df7"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/qos-ch/logback"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/qos-ch/logback/releases/tag/v_1.5.19"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://logback.qos.ch/news.html#1.3.16"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://logback.qos.ch/news.html#1.5.19"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "QOS.CH logback-core is vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution through file processing"
}

GHSA-389X-839F-4RHX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-10 18:14 – Updated: 2025-03-19 14:51

Summary

Denial of Service attack on windows app using Netty

Details

Summary

An unsafe reading of environment file could potentially cause a denial of service in Netty. When loaded on an Windows application, Netty attemps to load a file that does not exist. If an attacker creates such a large file, the Netty application crash.

Details

A similar issue was previously reported in https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-xq3w-v528-46rv This issue was fixed, but the fix was incomplete in that null-bytes were not counted against the input limit.

PoC

The PoC is the same as for https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-xq3w-v528-46rv with the detail that the file should only contain null-bytes; 0x00. When the null-bytes are encountered by the InputStreamReader, it will issue replacement characters in its charset decoding, which will fill up the line-buffer in the BufferedReader.readLine(), because the replacement character is not a line-break character.

Impact

Impact is the same as https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-xq3w-v528-46rv

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.netty:netty-common"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.118.Final"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-25193"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-02-10T18:14:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-10T22:15:38Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nAn unsafe reading of environment file could potentially cause a denial of service in Netty.\nWhen loaded on an Windows application, Netty attemps to load a file that does not exist. If an attacker creates such a large file, the Netty application crash.\n\n### Details\nA similar issue was previously reported in https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-xq3w-v528-46rv\nThis issue was fixed, but the fix was incomplete in that null-bytes were not counted against the input limit.\n\n\n### PoC\nThe PoC is the same as for https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-xq3w-v528-46rv with the detail that the file should only contain null-bytes; 0x00.\nWhen the null-bytes are encountered by the `InputStreamReader`, it will issue replacement characters in its charset decoding, which will fill up the line-buffer in the `BufferedReader.readLine()`, because the replacement character is not a line-break character.\n\n### Impact\nImpact is the same as https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-xq3w-v528-46rv",
  "id": "GHSA-389x-839f-4rhx",
  "modified": "2025-03-19T14:51:27Z",
  "published": "2025-02-10T18:14:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-389x-839f-4rhx"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25193"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/d1fbda62d3a47835d3fb35db8bd42ecc205a5386"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250221-0006"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Denial of Service attack on windows app using Netty"
}

GHSA-3P8M-J85Q-PGMJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-03 18:00 – Updated: 2025-09-04 13:51

Summary

Netty's decoders vulnerable to DoS via zip bomb style attack

Details

Summary

With specially crafted input, BrotliDecoder and some other decompressing decoders will allocate a large number of reachable byte buffers, which can lead to denial of service.

Details

BrotliDecoder.decompress has no limit in how often it calls pull, decompressing data 64K bytes at a time. The buffers are saved in the output list, and remain reachable until OOM is hit. This is basically a zip bomb.

Tested on 4.1.118, but there were no changes to the decoder since.

PoC

Run this test case with -Xmx1G:

import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.embedded.EmbeddedChannel;

import java.util.Base64;

public class T {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EmbeddedChannel channel = new EmbeddedChannel(new BrotliDecoder());
        channel.writeInbound(Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(Base64.getDecoder().decode("aPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ8vRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROMBIAEgIaHwBETlQQVFcXlgA=")));
    }
}

Error:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Cannot reserve 4194304 bytes of direct buffer memory (allocated: 1069580289, limit: 1073741824)
    at java.base/java.nio.Bits.reserveMemory(Bits.java:178)
    at java.base/java.nio.DirectByteBuffer.<init>(DirectByteBuffer.java:121)
    at java.base/java.nio.ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(ByteBuffer.java:332)
    at io.netty.buffer.PoolArena$DirectArena.allocateDirect(PoolArena.java:718)
    at io.netty.buffer.PoolArena$DirectArena.newChunk(PoolArena.java:693)
    at io.netty.buffer.PoolArena.allocateNormal(PoolArena.java:213)
    at io.netty.buffer.PoolArena.tcacheAllocateNormal(PoolArena.java:195)
    at io.netty.buffer.PoolArena.allocate(PoolArena.java:137)
    at io.netty.buffer.PoolArena.allocate(PoolArena.java:127)
    at io.netty.buffer.PooledByteBufAllocator.newDirectBuffer(PooledByteBufAllocator.java:403)
    at io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBufAllocator.directBuffer(AbstractByteBufAllocator.java:188)
    at io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBufAllocator.directBuffer(AbstractByteBufAllocator.java:179)
    at io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBufAllocator.buffer(AbstractByteBufAllocator.java:116)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.compression.BrotliDecoder.pull(BrotliDecoder.java:70)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.compression.BrotliDecoder.decompress(BrotliDecoder.java:101)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.compression.BrotliDecoder.decode(BrotliDecoder.java:137)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.decodeRemovalReentryProtection(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:530)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.callDecode(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:469)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.channelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:290)
    at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:444)
    at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:420)
    at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.fireChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:412)
    at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext.channelRead(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:1357)
    at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:440)
    at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:420)
    at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline.fireChannelRead(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:868)
    at io.netty.channel.embedded.EmbeddedChannel.writeInbound(EmbeddedChannel.java:348)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.compression.T.main(T.java:11)

Impact

DoS for anyone using BrotliDecoder on untrusted input.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.netty:netty-codec-compression"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.2.0.Alpha1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.5.Final"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.netty:netty-codec"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.125.Final"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58057"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-409"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-03T18:00:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-04T10:42:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nWith specially crafted input, `BrotliDecoder` and some other decompressing decoders will allocate a large number of reachable byte buffers, which can lead to denial of service.\n\n### Details\n\n`BrotliDecoder.decompress` has no limit in how often it calls `pull`, decompressing data 64K bytes at a time. The buffers are saved in the output list, and remain reachable until OOM is hit. This is basically a zip bomb.\n\nTested on 4.1.118, but there were no changes to the decoder since.\n\n### PoC\n\nRun this test case with `-Xmx1G`:\n\n```java\nimport io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;\nimport io.netty.channel.embedded.EmbeddedChannel;\n\nimport java.util.Base64;\n\npublic class T {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        EmbeddedChannel channel = new EmbeddedChannel(new BrotliDecoder());\n        channel.writeInbound(Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(Base64.getDecoder().decode(\"aPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ8vRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROKBIAaPpxD1tETigSAGj6cQ9bRE4oEgBo+nEPW0ROMBIAEgIaHwBETlQQVFcXlgA=\")));\n    }\n}\n```\n\nError:\n\n```\nException in thread \"main\" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Cannot reserve 4194304 bytes of direct buffer memory (allocated: 1069580289, limit: 1073741824)\n\tat java.base/java.nio.Bits.reserveMemory(Bits.java:178)\n\tat java.base/java.nio.DirectByteBuffer.\u003cinit\u003e(DirectByteBuffer.java:121)\n\tat java.base/java.nio.ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(ByteBuffer.java:332)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.PoolArena$DirectArena.allocateDirect(PoolArena.java:718)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.PoolArena$DirectArena.newChunk(PoolArena.java:693)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.PoolArena.allocateNormal(PoolArena.java:213)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.PoolArena.tcacheAllocateNormal(PoolArena.java:195)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.PoolArena.allocate(PoolArena.java:137)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.PoolArena.allocate(PoolArena.java:127)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.PooledByteBufAllocator.newDirectBuffer(PooledByteBufAllocator.java:403)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBufAllocator.directBuffer(AbstractByteBufAllocator.java:188)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBufAllocator.directBuffer(AbstractByteBufAllocator.java:179)\n\tat io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBufAllocator.buffer(AbstractByteBufAllocator.java:116)\n\tat io.netty.handler.codec.compression.BrotliDecoder.pull(BrotliDecoder.java:70)\n\tat io.netty.handler.codec.compression.BrotliDecoder.decompress(BrotliDecoder.java:101)\n\tat io.netty.handler.codec.compression.BrotliDecoder.decode(BrotliDecoder.java:137)\n\tat io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.decodeRemovalReentryProtection(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:530)\n\tat io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.callDecode(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:469)\n\tat io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.channelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:290)\n\tat io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:444)\n\tat io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:420)\n\tat io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.fireChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:412)\n\tat io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext.channelRead(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:1357)\n\tat io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:440)\n\tat io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:420)\n\tat io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline.fireChannelRead(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:868)\n\tat io.netty.channel.embedded.EmbeddedChannel.writeInbound(EmbeddedChannel.java:348)\n\tat io.netty.handler.codec.compression.T.main(T.java:11)\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nDoS for anyone using `BrotliDecoder` on untrusted input.",
  "id": "GHSA-3p8m-j85q-pgmj",
  "modified": "2025-09-04T13:51:43Z",
  "published": "2025-09-03T18:00:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-3p8m-j85q-pgmj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58057"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/9d804c54ce962408ae6418255a83a13924f7145d"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Netty\u0027s decoders vulnerable to DoS via zip bomb style attack"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

Vulnerability from cleanstart

CVE-2025-67735 (GCVE-0-2025-67735)

CVE-2025-68161 (GCVE-0-2025-68161)

CVE-2026-1225 (GCVE-0-2026-1225)

CVE-2026-24281 (GCVE-0-2026-24281)

CVE-2026-24308 (GCVE-0-2026-24308)

CVE-2026-33870 (GCVE-0-2026-33870)

CVE-2026-33871 (GCVE-0-2026-33871)

GHSA-25QH-J22F-PWP8

GHSA-389X-839F-4RHX

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

GHSA-3P8M-J85Q-PGMJ

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature