CVE-2023-2828 (GCVE-0-2023-2828)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-21 16:26 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:48
VLAI
Title
named's configured cache size limit can be significantly exceeded
Summary
Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit. It has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-06 18:36 UTC
Assigner
isc CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard A 95/100 over 33 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
ISC BIND 9 Affected: 9.11.0 , ≤ 9.16.41 (custom)
Affected: 9.18.0 , ≤ 9.18.15 (custom)
Affected: 9.19.0 , ≤ 9.19.13 (custom)
Affected: 9.11.3-S1 , ≤ 9.16.41-S1 (custom)
Affected: 9.18.11-S1 , ≤ 9.18.15-S1 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-06-21 00:00
Credits
ISC would like to thank Shoham Danino from Reichman University, Anat Bremler-Barr from Tel-Aviv University, Yehuda Afek from Tel-Aviv University, and Yuval Shavitt from Tel-Aviv University for bringing this vulnerability to our attention.
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            "value": "Cada instancia \u0027named\u0027 configurada para funcionar como un resolvedor recursivo mantiene una base de datos de cach\u00e9 que contiene las respuestas a las consultas que ha enviado recientemente a servidores autoritativos. El l\u00edmite de tama\u00f1o para esa base de datos de cach\u00e9 se puede configurar usando la instrucci\u00f3n \u0027max-cache-size\u0027 en el archivo de configuraci\u00f3n; por defecto es el 90% de la cantidad total de memoria disponible en el host. Cuando el tama\u00f1o de la cach\u00e9 alcanza 7/8 del l\u00edmite configurado, un algoritmo de limpieza de cach\u00e9 comienza a eliminar RRsets caducados y/o menos recientemente utilizados de la cach\u00e9, para mantener el uso de memoria por debajo del l\u00edmite configurado.\n\nSe ha descubierto que la efectividad del algoritmo de limpieza de cach\u00e9 utilizado en \u0027named\u0027 puede verse gravemente disminuida al consultar el resolvedor para RRsets espec\u00edficos en un cierto orden, permitiendo efectivamente que el l\u00edmite configurado de \u0027max-cache-size\u0027 sea excedido significativamente.\nEste problema afecta a las versiones de BIND 9 9.11.0 a 9.16.41, 9.18.0 a 9.18.15, 9.19.0 a 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 a 9.16.41-S1, y 9.18.11-S1 a 9.18.15-S1."
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                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "9.19.13",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "9.19.0",
                  "versionType": "custom"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "9.16.41-S1",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "9.11.3-S1",
                  "versionType": "custom"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "9.18.15-S1",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "9.18.11-S1",
                  "versionType": "custom"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "ISC would like to thank Shoham Danino from Reichman University, Anat Bremler-Barr from Tel-Aviv University, Yehuda Afek from Tel-Aviv University, and Yuval Shavitt from Tel-Aviv University for bringing this vulnerability to our attention."
            }
          ],
          "datePublic": "2023-06-21T00:00:00Z",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit.\n\nIt has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded.\nThis issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1."
            }
          ],
          "exploits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "We are not aware of any active exploits."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "By exploiting this flaw, an attacker can cause the amount of memory used by a `named` resolver to go well beyond the configured `max-cache-size` limit. The effectiveness of the attack depends on a number of factors (e.g. query load, query patterns), but since the default value of the `max-cache-size` statement is `90%`, in the worst case the attacker can exhaust all available memory on the host running `named`, leading to a denial-of-service condition."
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              }
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2023-06-21T16:26:07.096Z",
            "orgId": "404fd4d2-a609-4245-b543-2c944a302a22",
            "shortName": "isc"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "CVE-2023-2828",
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2023-2828"
            },
            {
              "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/06/21/6"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/U3K6AJK7RRSR53HRF5GGKPA6PDUDWOD2/"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5439"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SEFCEVCTYEMKTWA7V7EYPI5YQQ4JWDLI/"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230703-0010/"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/07/msg00021.html"
            }
          ],
          "solutions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Upgrade to the patched release most closely related to your current version of BIND 9: 9.16.42, 9.18.16, 9.19.14, 9.16.42-S1, or 9.18.16-S1."
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
          },
          "title": "named\u0027s configured cache size limit can be significantly exceeded",
          "workarounds": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "No workarounds known."
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "404fd4d2-a609-4245-b543-2c944a302a22",
        "assignerShortName": "isc",
        "cveId": "CVE-2023-2828",
        "datePublished": "2023-06-21T16:26:07.096Z",
        "dateReserved": "2023-05-22T07:57:41.362Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2024-12-06T18:36:35.647Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}



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