CVE-2025-2000 (GCVE-0-2025-2000)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-14 13:04 – Updated: 2026-02-26 19:09

Title

Qiskit SDK code execution

Summary

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's `qiskit.qpy.load()` function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-03-15 03:55 UTC

CWE

CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data

Assigner

ibm mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7185949	vendor-advisorypatch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
IBM	Qiskit SDK	Affected: 0.18.0 , ≤ 1.4.1 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:ibm:qiskit:0.18.0:::::::* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:qiskit:1.4.1:::::::*

Credits

Matthew Treinish and Jake Lishman

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2025-2000

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-03-14 13:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 09:06

Severity

9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	psirt@us.ibm.com	https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7185949	Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	ibm	qiskit	*

JSON

To clipboard

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          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:qiskit:0.18.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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GHSA-3PWP-2FQJ-6G2P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-14 15:32 – Updated: 2025-03-14 19:56

Withdrawn 2025-03-14

Summary

Duplicate Advisory: Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions < 13

Details

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

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    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "# Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n# Original Description\nA maliciously crafted QPY file can potential execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserialising QPY formats \u003c 13. A python process calling Qiskit 0.18.0 through 1.4.1\u0027s `qiskit.qpy.load()` function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of specially constructed payload.",
  "id": "GHSA-3pwp-2fqj-6g2p",
  "modified": "2025-03-14T19:56:01Z",
  "published": "2025-03-14T15:32:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2000"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7185949"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions \u003c 13",
  "withdrawn": "2025-03-14T19:55:28Z"
}

GHSA-6M2C-76FF-6VRF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-14 19:56 – Updated: 2025-05-02 21:58

Summary

Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions < 13

Details

Impact

A maliciously crafted QPY file can potentially execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserializing QPY formats < 13. A python process calling Qiskit's qiskit.qpy.load() function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of a specially constructed payload.

Patches

Fixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "qiskit-terra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.18.0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.46.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.4.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "qiskit"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.4.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "qiskit"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0rc1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.0rc2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "2.0.0rc1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2000"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-14T19:56:14Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA maliciously crafted QPY file can potentially execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserializing QPY formats \u003c 13. A python process calling Qiskit\u0027s `qiskit.qpy.load()` function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of a specially constructed payload.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2",
  "id": "GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf",
  "modified": "2025-05-02T21:58:50Z",
  "published": "2025-03-14T19:56:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/security/advisories/GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2000"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7185949"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions \u003c 13"
}

PYSEC-2026-510

Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-06-29 11:50 - Updated: 2026-07-02 12:46

Details

Impact

Patches

Fixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Impacted products

Name	purl
qiskit	pkg:pypi/qiskit

Aliases

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "qiskit",
        "purl": "pkg:pypi/qiskit"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.4.2"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0rc1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.0rc2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "2.0.0rc1",
        "0.10.0",
        "0.10.1",
        "0.10.2",
        "0.10.3",
        "0.10.4",
        "0.10.5",
        "0.11.0",
        "0.11.1",
        "0.11.2",
        "0.12.0",
        "0.12.1",
        "0.12.2",
        "0.13.0",
        "0.14.0",
        "0.14.1",
        "0.15.0",
        "0.16.0",
        "0.16.1",
        "0.16.2",
        "0.17.0",
        "0.18.0",
        "0.18.1",
        "0.18.2",
        "0.18.3",
        "0.19.0",
        "0.19.1",
        "0.19.2",
        "0.19.3",
        "0.19.4",
        "0.19.5",
        "0.19.6",
        "0.20.0",
        "0.20.1",
        "0.21.0",
        "0.22.0",
        "0.23.0",
        "0.23.1",
        "0.23.2",
        "0.23.3",
        "0.23.4",
        "0.23.5",
        "0.23.6",
        "0.24.0",
        "0.24.1",
        "0.25.0",
        "0.25.1",
        "0.25.2",
        "0.25.3",
        "0.25.4",
        "0.26.0",
        "0.26.1",
        "0.26.2",
        "0.27.0",
        "0.28.0",
        "0.29.0",
        "0.29.1",
        "0.3.10",
        "0.3.11",
        "0.3.12",
        "0.3.13",
        "0.3.14",
        "0.3.15",
        "0.3.16",
        "0.3.2",
        "0.3.3",
        "0.3.4",
        "0.3.5",
        "0.3.6",
        "0.3.7",
        "0.3.8",
        "0.3.9",
        "0.30.0",
        "0.30.1",
        "0.31.0",
        "0.32.0",
        "0.32.1",
        "0.33.0",
        "0.33.1",
        "0.34.0",
        "0.34.1",
        "0.34.2",
        "0.35.0",
        "0.36.0",
        "0.36.1",
        "0.36.2",
        "0.37.0",
        "0.37.1",
        "0.37.2",
        "0.38.0",
        "0.39.0",
        "0.39.1",
        "0.39.2",
        "0.39.3",
        "0.39.4",
        "0.39.5",
        "0.4.0",
        "0.4.1",
        "0.4.10",
        "0.4.11",
        "0.4.12",
        "0.4.13",
        "0.4.14",
        "0.4.15",
        "0.4.2",
        "0.4.3",
        "0.4.4",
        "0.4.5",
        "0.4.6",
        "0.4.7",
        "0.4.8",
        "0.4.9",
        "0.40.0",
        "0.41.0",
        "0.41.1",
        "0.42.0",
        "0.42.1",
        "0.43.0",
        "0.43.1",
        "0.43.2",
        "0.43.3",
        "0.44.0",
        "0.44.1",
        "0.44.2",
        "0.44.3",
        "0.45.0",
        "0.45.0rc1",
        "0.45.1",
        "0.45.2",
        "0.45.3",
        "0.46.0",
        "0.46.1",
        "0.46.2",
        "0.46.3",
        "0.5.0",
        "0.5.1",
        "0.5.2",
        "0.5.3",
        "0.5.4",
        "0.5.5",
        "0.5.6",
        "0.5.7",
        "0.6.0",
        "0.6.1",
        "0.7.0",
        "0.7.1",
        "0.7.2",
        "0.7.3",
        "0.8.0",
        "0.8.1",
        "0.9.0",
        "1.0.0",
        "1.0.0b1",
        "1.0.0rc1",
        "1.0.1",
        "1.0.2",
        "1.1.0",
        "1.1.0rc1",
        "1.1.1",
        "1.1.2",
        "1.2.0",
        "1.2.0rc1",
        "1.2.1",
        "1.2.2",
        "1.2.3",
        "1.2.4",
        "1.3.0",
        "1.3.0b1",
        "1.3.0rc1",
        "1.3.0rc2",
        "1.3.1",
        "1.3.2",
        "1.3.3",
        "1.4.0",
        "1.4.1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2000",
    "GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf"
  ],
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA maliciously crafted QPY file can potentially execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserializing QPY formats \u003c 13. A python process calling Qiskit\u0027s `qiskit.qpy.load()` function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of a specially constructed payload.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2",
  "id": "PYSEC-2026-510",
  "modified": "2026-07-02T12:46:47.918376Z",
  "published": "2026-06-29T11:50:34.769394Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/security/advisories/GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2000"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7185949"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/qiskit"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions \u003c 13"
}

PYSEC-2026-511

Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-06-29 11:50 - Updated: 2026-07-01 20:23

Details

Impact

Patches

Fixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Impacted products

Name	purl
qiskit-terra	pkg:pypi/qiskit-terra

Aliases

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "qiskit-terra",
        "purl": "pkg:pypi/qiskit-terra"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.18.0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.46.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "0.18.0",
        "0.18.1",
        "0.18.2",
        "0.18.3",
        "0.19.0",
        "0.19.1",
        "0.19.2",
        "0.20.0",
        "0.20.1",
        "0.20.2",
        "0.21.0",
        "0.21.0rc1",
        "0.21.1",
        "0.21.2",
        "0.22.0",
        "0.22.0rc1",
        "0.22.1",
        "0.22.2",
        "0.22.3",
        "0.22.4",
        "0.23.0",
        "0.23.0rc1",
        "0.23.1",
        "0.23.2",
        "0.23.3",
        "0.24.0",
        "0.24.0rc1",
        "0.24.1",
        "0.24.2",
        "0.25.0",
        "0.25.0rc1",
        "0.25.1",
        "0.25.2",
        "0.25.2.1",
        "0.25.3",
        "0.45.0",
        "0.45.0rc1",
        "0.45.1",
        "0.45.2",
        "0.45.3",
        "0.46.0",
        "0.46.1",
        "0.46.2",
        "0.46.3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2000",
    "GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf"
  ],
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA maliciously crafted QPY file can potentially execute arbitrary-code embedded in the payload without privilege escalation when deserializing QPY formats \u003c 13. A python process calling Qiskit\u0027s `qiskit.qpy.load()` function could potentially execute any arbitrary Python code embedded in the correct place in the binary file as part of a specially constructed payload.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in Qiskit 1.4.2 and in Qiskit 2.0.0rc2",
  "id": "PYSEC-2026-511",
  "modified": "2026-07-01T20:23:03.448348Z",
  "published": "2026-06-29T11:50:34.706122Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/security/advisories/GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2000"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7185949"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/qiskit-terra"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6m2c-76ff-6vrf"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Qiskit allows arbitrary code execution decoding QPY format versions \u003c 13"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-2000 (GCVE-0-2025-2000)

FKIE_CVE-2025-2000

GHSA-3PWP-2FQJ-6G2P

Duplicate Advisory

Original Description

GHSA-6M2C-76FF-6VRF

Impact

Patches

PYSEC-2026-510

Impact

Patches

PYSEC-2026-511

Impact

Patches

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour