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CVE-2025-38407 (GCVE-0-2025-38407)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-25 13:20 – Updated: 2026-05-11 21:27
VLAI
Title
riscv: cpu_ops_sbi: Use static array for boot_data
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: cpu_ops_sbi: Use static array for boot_data Since commit 6b9f29b81b15 ("riscv: Enable pcpu page first chunk allocator"), if NUMA is enabled, the page percpu allocator may be used on very sparse configurations, or when requested on boot with percpu_alloc=page. In that case, percpu data gets put in the vmalloc area. However, sbi_hsm_hart_start() needs the physical address of a sbi_hart_boot_data, and simply assumes that __pa() would work. This causes the just started hart to immediately access an invalid address and hang. Fortunately, struct sbi_hart_boot_data is not too large, so we can simply allocate an array for boot_data statically, putting it in the kernel image. This fixes NUMA=y SMP boot on Sophgo SG2042. To reproduce on QEMU: Set CONFIG_NUMA=y and CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL=y, then run with: qemu-system-riscv64 -M virt -smp 2 -nographic \ -kernel arch/riscv/boot/Image \ -append "percpu_alloc=page" Kernel output: [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on hartid 0 [ 0.000000] Linux version 6.16.0-rc1 (dram@sakuya) (riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 14.2.1 20250322, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.44) #11 SMP Tue Jun 24 14:56:22 CST 2025 ... [ 0.000000] percpu: 28 4K pages/cpu s85784 r8192 d20712 ... [ 0.083192] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... [ 0.086722] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 0.086849] virt_to_phys used for non-linear address: (____ptrval____) (0xff2000000001d080) [ 0.088001] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c:14 __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8 [ 0.088376] Modules linked in: [ 0.088656] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc1 #11 NONE [ 0.088833] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT) [ 0.088948] epc : __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8 [ 0.089001] ra : __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8 [ 0.089037] epc : ffffffff80021eaa ra : ffffffff80021eaa sp : ff2000000004bbc0 [ 0.089057] gp : ffffffff817f49c0 tp : ff60000001d60000 t0 : 5f6f745f74726976 [ 0.089076] t1 : 0000000000000076 t2 : 705f6f745f747269 s0 : ff2000000004bbe0 [ 0.089095] s1 : ff2000000001d080 a0 : 0000000000000000 a1 : 0000000000000000 [ 0.089113] a2 : 0000000000000000 a3 : 0000000000000000 a4 : 0000000000000000 [ 0.089131] a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : 0000000000000000 [ 0.089155] s2 : ffffffff8130dc00 s3 : 0000000000000001 s4 : 0000000000000001 [ 0.089174] s5 : ffffffff8185eff8 s6 : ff2000007f1eb000 s7 : ffffffff8002a2ec [ 0.089193] s8 : 0000000000000001 s9 : 0000000000000001 s10: 0000000000000000 [ 0.089211] s11: 0000000000000000 t3 : ffffffff8180a9f7 t4 : ffffffff8180a9f7 [ 0.089960] t5 : ffffffff8180a9f8 t6 : ff2000000004b9d8 [ 0.089984] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: ffffffff80021eaa cause: 0000000000000003 [ 0.090101] [<ffffffff80021eaa>] __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8 [ 0.090228] [<ffffffff8001d796>] sbi_cpu_start+0x6e/0xe8 [ 0.090247] [<ffffffff8001a5da>] __cpu_up+0x1e/0x8c [ 0.090260] [<ffffffff8002a32e>] bringup_cpu+0x42/0x258 [ 0.090277] [<ffffffff8002914c>] cpuhp_invoke_callback+0xe0/0x40c [ 0.090292] [<ffffffff800294e0>] __cpuhp_invoke_callback_range+0x68/0xfc [ 0.090320] [<ffffffff8002a96a>] _cpu_up+0x11a/0x244 [ 0.090334] [<ffffffff8002aae6>] cpu_up+0x52/0x90 [ 0.090384] [<ffffffff80c09350>] bringup_nonboot_cpus+0x78/0x118 [ 0.090411] [<ffffffff80c11060>] smp_init+0x34/0xb8 [ 0.090425] [<ffffffff80c01220>] kernel_init_freeable+0x148/0x2e4 [ 0.090442] [<ffffffff80b83802>] kernel_init+0x1e/0x14c [ 0.090455] [<ffffffff800124ca>] ret_from_fork_kernel+0xe/0xf0 [ 0.090471] [<ffffffff80b8d9c2>] ret_from_fork_kernel_asm+0x16/0x18 [ 0.090560] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 1.179875] CPU1: failed to come online [ 1.190324] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306 , < f5fe094f35a37adea40b2fd52c99bb1333be9b07 (git)
Affected: 6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306 , < 02c725cd55eb5052b88eeaa3f60a391ef4dcaec5 (git)
Affected: 6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306 , < 2b29be967ae456fc09c320d91d52278cf721be1e (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.37 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15.6 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/riscv/kernel/cpu_ops_sbi.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "f5fe094f35a37adea40b2fd52c99bb1333be9b07",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "02c725cd55eb5052b88eeaa3f60a391ef4dcaec5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2b29be967ae456fc09c320d91d52278cf721be1e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/riscv/kernel/cpu_ops_sbi.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.8"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.8",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.37",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15.6",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.16",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.37",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.6",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nriscv: cpu_ops_sbi: Use static array for boot_data\n\nSince commit 6b9f29b81b15 (\"riscv: Enable pcpu page first chunk\nallocator\"), if NUMA is enabled, the page percpu allocator may be used\non very sparse configurations, or when requested on boot with\npercpu_alloc=page.\n\nIn that case, percpu data gets put in the vmalloc area. However,\nsbi_hsm_hart_start() needs the physical address of a sbi_hart_boot_data,\nand simply assumes that __pa() would work. This causes the just started\nhart to immediately access an invalid address and hang.\n\nFortunately, struct sbi_hart_boot_data is not too large, so we can\nsimply allocate an array for boot_data statically, putting it in the\nkernel image.\n\nThis fixes NUMA=y SMP boot on Sophgo SG2042.\n\nTo reproduce on QEMU: Set CONFIG_NUMA=y and CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL=y, then\nrun with:\n\n  qemu-system-riscv64 -M virt -smp 2 -nographic \\\n    -kernel arch/riscv/boot/Image \\\n    -append \"percpu_alloc=page\"\n\nKernel output:\n\n[    0.000000] Booting Linux on hartid 0\n[    0.000000] Linux version 6.16.0-rc1 (dram@sakuya) (riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 14.2.1 20250322, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.44) #11 SMP Tue Jun 24 14:56:22 CST 2025\n...\n[    0.000000] percpu: 28 4K pages/cpu s85784 r8192 d20712\n...\n[    0.083192] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...\n[    0.086722] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[    0.086849] virt_to_phys used for non-linear address: (____ptrval____) (0xff2000000001d080)\n[    0.088001] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c:14 __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8\n[    0.088376] Modules linked in:\n[    0.088656] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc1 #11 NONE\n[    0.088833] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n[    0.088948] epc : __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8\n[    0.089001]  ra : __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8\n[    0.089037] epc : ffffffff80021eaa ra : ffffffff80021eaa sp : ff2000000004bbc0\n[    0.089057]  gp : ffffffff817f49c0 tp : ff60000001d60000 t0 : 5f6f745f74726976\n[    0.089076]  t1 : 0000000000000076 t2 : 705f6f745f747269 s0 : ff2000000004bbe0\n[    0.089095]  s1 : ff2000000001d080 a0 : 0000000000000000 a1 : 0000000000000000\n[    0.089113]  a2 : 0000000000000000 a3 : 0000000000000000 a4 : 0000000000000000\n[    0.089131]  a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : 0000000000000000\n[    0.089155]  s2 : ffffffff8130dc00 s3 : 0000000000000001 s4 : 0000000000000001\n[    0.089174]  s5 : ffffffff8185eff8 s6 : ff2000007f1eb000 s7 : ffffffff8002a2ec\n[    0.089193]  s8 : 0000000000000001 s9 : 0000000000000001 s10: 0000000000000000\n[    0.089211]  s11: 0000000000000000 t3 : ffffffff8180a9f7 t4 : ffffffff8180a9f7\n[    0.089960]  t5 : ffffffff8180a9f8 t6 : ff2000000004b9d8\n[    0.089984] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: ffffffff80021eaa cause: 0000000000000003\n[    0.090101] [\u003cffffffff80021eaa\u003e] __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8\n[    0.090228] [\u003cffffffff8001d796\u003e] sbi_cpu_start+0x6e/0xe8\n[    0.090247] [\u003cffffffff8001a5da\u003e] __cpu_up+0x1e/0x8c\n[    0.090260] [\u003cffffffff8002a32e\u003e] bringup_cpu+0x42/0x258\n[    0.090277] [\u003cffffffff8002914c\u003e] cpuhp_invoke_callback+0xe0/0x40c\n[    0.090292] [\u003cffffffff800294e0\u003e] __cpuhp_invoke_callback_range+0x68/0xfc\n[    0.090320] [\u003cffffffff8002a96a\u003e] _cpu_up+0x11a/0x244\n[    0.090334] [\u003cffffffff8002aae6\u003e] cpu_up+0x52/0x90\n[    0.090384] [\u003cffffffff80c09350\u003e] bringup_nonboot_cpus+0x78/0x118\n[    0.090411] [\u003cffffffff80c11060\u003e] smp_init+0x34/0xb8\n[    0.090425] [\u003cffffffff80c01220\u003e] kernel_init_freeable+0x148/0x2e4\n[    0.090442] [\u003cffffffff80b83802\u003e] kernel_init+0x1e/0x14c\n[    0.090455] [\u003cffffffff800124ca\u003e] ret_from_fork_kernel+0xe/0xf0\n[    0.090471] [\u003cffffffff80b8d9c2\u003e] ret_from_fork_kernel_asm+0x16/0x18\n[    0.090560] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n[    1.179875] CPU1: failed to come online\n[    1.190324] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU"
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:27:23.489Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f5fe094f35a37adea40b2fd52c99bb1333be9b07"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/02c725cd55eb5052b88eeaa3f60a391ef4dcaec5"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b29be967ae456fc09c320d91d52278cf721be1e"
        }
      ],
      "title": "riscv: cpu_ops_sbi: Use static array for boot_data",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38407",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-25T13:20:12.200Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.013Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:27:23.489Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38407",
      "date": "2026-09-16",
      "epss": "0.00157",
      "percentile": "0.05281"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-38407\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-07-25T14:15:32.317\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T09:16:47.963\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nriscv: cpu_ops_sbi: Use static array for boot_data\\n\\nSince commit 6b9f29b81b15 (\\\"riscv: Enable pcpu page first chunk\\nallocator\\\"), if NUMA is enabled, the page percpu allocator may be used\\non very sparse configurations, or when requested on boot with\\npercpu_alloc=page.\\n\\nIn that case, percpu data gets put in the vmalloc area. However,\\nsbi_hsm_hart_start() needs the physical address of a sbi_hart_boot_data,\\nand simply assumes that __pa() would work. This causes the just started\\nhart to immediately access an invalid address and hang.\\n\\nFortunately, struct sbi_hart_boot_data is not too large, so we can\\nsimply allocate an array for boot_data statically, putting it in the\\nkernel image.\\n\\nThis fixes NUMA=y SMP boot on Sophgo SG2042.\\n\\nTo reproduce on QEMU: Set CONFIG_NUMA=y and CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL=y, then\\nrun with:\\n\\n  qemu-system-riscv64 -M virt -smp 2 -nographic \\\\\\n    -kernel arch/riscv/boot/Image \\\\\\n    -append \\\"percpu_alloc=page\\\"\\n\\nKernel output:\\n\\n[    0.000000] Booting Linux on hartid 0\\n[    0.000000] Linux version 6.16.0-rc1 (dram@sakuya) (riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 14.2.1 20250322, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.44) #11 SMP Tue Jun 24 14:56:22 CST 2025\\n...\\n[    0.000000] percpu: 28 4K pages/cpu s85784 r8192 d20712\\n...\\n[    0.083192] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...\\n[    0.086722] ------------[ cut here ]------------\\n[    0.086849] virt_to_phys used for non-linear address: (____ptrval____) (0xff2000000001d080)\\n[    0.088001] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c:14 __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8\\n[    0.088376] Modules linked in:\\n[    0.088656] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc1 #11 NONE\\n[    0.088833] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\\n[    0.088948] epc : __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8\\n[    0.089001]  ra : __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8\\n[    0.089037] epc : ffffffff80021eaa ra : ffffffff80021eaa sp : ff2000000004bbc0\\n[    0.089057]  gp : ffffffff817f49c0 tp : ff60000001d60000 t0 : 5f6f745f74726976\\n[    0.089076]  t1 : 0000000000000076 t2 : 705f6f745f747269 s0 : ff2000000004bbe0\\n[    0.089095]  s1 : ff2000000001d080 a0 : 0000000000000000 a1 : 0000000000000000\\n[    0.089113]  a2 : 0000000000000000 a3 : 0000000000000000 a4 : 0000000000000000\\n[    0.089131]  a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : 0000000000000000\\n[    0.089155]  s2 : ffffffff8130dc00 s3 : 0000000000000001 s4 : 0000000000000001\\n[    0.089174]  s5 : ffffffff8185eff8 s6 : ff2000007f1eb000 s7 : ffffffff8002a2ec\\n[    0.089193]  s8 : 0000000000000001 s9 : 0000000000000001 s10: 0000000000000000\\n[    0.089211]  s11: 0000000000000000 t3 : ffffffff8180a9f7 t4 : ffffffff8180a9f7\\n[    0.089960]  t5 : ffffffff8180a9f8 t6 : ff2000000004b9d8\\n[    0.089984] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: ffffffff80021eaa cause: 0000000000000003\\n[    0.090101] [\u003cffffffff80021eaa\u003e] __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8\\n[    0.090228] [\u003cffffffff8001d796\u003e] sbi_cpu_start+0x6e/0xe8\\n[    0.090247] [\u003cffffffff8001a5da\u003e] __cpu_up+0x1e/0x8c\\n[    0.090260] [\u003cffffffff8002a32e\u003e] bringup_cpu+0x42/0x258\\n[    0.090277] [\u003cffffffff8002914c\u003e] cpuhp_invoke_callback+0xe0/0x40c\\n[    0.090292] [\u003cffffffff800294e0\u003e] __cpuhp_invoke_callback_range+0x68/0xfc\\n[    0.090320] [\u003cffffffff8002a96a\u003e] _cpu_up+0x11a/0x244\\n[    0.090334] [\u003cffffffff8002aae6\u003e] cpu_up+0x52/0x90\\n[    0.090384] [\u003cffffffff80c09350\u003e] bringup_nonboot_cpus+0x78/0x118\\n[    0.090411] [\u003cffffffff80c11060\u003e] smp_init+0x34/0xb8\\n[    0.090425] [\u003cffffffff80c01220\u003e] kernel_init_freeable+0x148/0x2e4\\n[    0.090442] [\u003cffffffff80b83802\u003e] kernel_init+0x1e/0x14c\\n[    0.090455] [\u003cffffffff800124ca\u003e] ret_from_fork_kernel+0xe/0xf0\\n[    0.090471] [\u003cffffffff80b8d9c2\u003e] ret_from_fork_kernel_asm+0x16/0x18\\n[    0.090560] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\\n[    1.179875] CPU1: failed to come online\\n[    1.190324] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: riscv: cpu_ops_sbi: Usar una matriz est\u00e1tica para boot_data. Desde el commit 6b9f29b81b15 (\\\"riscv: Habilitar el asignador de primer fragmento de p\u00e1gina pcpu\\\"), si NUMA est\u00e1 habilitado, el asignador de p\u00e1ginas por CPU puede usarse en configuraciones muy dispersas o cuando se solicita al arrancar con percpu_alloc=page. En ese caso, los datos por CPU se colocan en el \u00e1rea vmalloc. Sin embargo, sbi_hsm_hart_start() necesita la direcci\u00f3n f\u00edsica de sbi_hart_boot_data y simplemente asume que __pa() funcionar\u00eda. Esto provoca que el hart reci\u00e9n iniciado acceda inmediatamente a una direcci\u00f3n no v\u00e1lida y se cuelgue. Afortunadamente, la estructura sbi_hart_boot_data no es demasiado grande, por lo que podemos asignar una matriz est\u00e1ticamente para boot_data, coloc\u00e1ndola en la imagen del kernel. Esto soluciona el problema del arranque SMP con NUMA=y en Sophgo SG2042. Para reproducir en QEMU: Establezca CONFIG_NUMA=y y CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL=y, luego ejecute con: qemu-system-riscv64 -M virt -smp 2 -nographic \\\\ -kernel arch/riscv/boot/Image \\\\ -append \\\"percpu_alloc=page\\\" Salida del kernel: [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on hartid 0 [ 0.000000] Linux version 6.16.0-rc1 (dram@sakuya) (riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 14.2.1 20250322, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.44) #11 SMP Tue Jun 24 14:56:22 CST 2025 ... [ 0.000000] percpu: 28 4K pages/cpu s85784 r8192 d20712 ... [ 0.083192] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... [ 0.086722] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 0.086849] virt_to_phys used for non-linear address: (____ptrval____) (0xff2000000001d080) [ 0.088001] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c:14 __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8 [ 0.088376] Modules linked in: [ 0.088656] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc1 #11 NONE [ 0.088833] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT) [ 0.088948] epc : __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8 [ 0.089001] ra : __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8 [ 0.089037] epc : ffffffff80021eaa ra : ffffffff80021eaa sp : ff2000000004bbc0 [ 0.089057] gp : ffffffff817f49c0 tp : ff60000001d60000 t0 : 5f6f745f74726976 [ 0.089076] t1 : 0000000000000076 t2 : 705f6f745f747269 s0 : ff2000000004bbe0 [ 0.089095] s1 : ff2000000001d080 a0 : 0000000000000000 a1 : 0000000000000000 [ 0.089113] a2 : 0000000000000000 a3 : 0000000000000000 a4 : 0000000000000000 [ 0.089131] a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : 0000000000000000 [ 0.089155] s2 : ffffffff8130dc00 s3 : 0000000000000001 s4 : 0000000000000001 [ 0.089174] s5 : ffffffff8185eff8 s6 : ff2000007f1eb000 s7 : ffffffff8002a2ec [ 0.089193] s8 : 0000000000000001 s9 : 0000000000000001 s10: 0000000000000000 [ 0.089211] s11: 0000000000000000 t3 : ffffffff8180a9f7 t4 : ffffffff8180a9f7 [ 0.089960] t5 : ffffffff8180a9f8 t6 : ff2000000004b9d8 [ 0.089984] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: ffffffff80021eaa cause: 0000000000000003 [ 0.090101] [] __virt_to_phys+0xae/0xe8 [ 0.090228] [] sbi_cpu_start+0x6e/0xe8 [ 0.090247] [] __cpu_up+0x1e/0x8c [ 0.090260] [] bringup_cpu+0x42/0x258 [ 0.090277] [] cpuhp_invoke_callback+0xe0/0x40c [ 0.090292] [] __cpuhp_invoke_callback_range+0x68/0xfc [ 0.090320] [] _cpu_up+0x11a/0x244 [ 0.090334] [] cpu_up+0x52/0x90 [ 0.090384] [] bringup_nonboot_cpus+0x78/0x118 [ 0.090411] [] smp_init+0x34/0xb8 [ 0.090425] [] kernel_init_freeable+0x148/0x2e4 [ 0.090442] [] kernel_init+0x1e/0x14c [ 0.090455] [] ret_from_fork_kernel+0xe/0xf0 [ 0.090471] [] ret_from_fork_kernel_asm+0x16/0x18 [ 0.090560] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 1.179875] CPU1: failed to come online [ 1.190324] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"arch/riscv/kernel/cpu_ops_sbi.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306\",\"lessThan\":\"f5fe094f35a37adea40b2fd52c99bb1333be9b07\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306\",\"lessThan\":\"02c725cd55eb5052b88eeaa3f60a391ef4dcaec5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6b9f29b81b155af023da95f560f738f29722b306\",\"lessThan\":\"2b29be967ae456fc09c320d91d52278cf721be1e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"arch/riscv/kernel/cpu_ops_sbi.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6.8\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"6.8\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.37\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15.6\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.16\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"NVD-CWE-noinfo\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.8\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.37\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"366673BD-D793-4DB6-9C97-ADF13DFEBA1F\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.15.6\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6E0BB4E0-44BC-4645-83A8-6EA232CE624C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6D4894DB-CCFE-4602-B1BF-3960B2E19A01\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"09709862-E348-4378-8632-5A7813EDDC86\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"415BF58A-8197-43F5-B3D7-D1D63057A26E\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"A0517869-312D-4429-80C2-561086E1421C\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/02c725cd55eb5052b88eeaa3f60a391ef4dcaec5\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b29be967ae456fc09c320d91d52278cf721be1e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f5fe094f35a37adea40b2fd52c99bb1333be9b07\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:32:58+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38407",
      "id": "CVE-2025-38407",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-07-25T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: riscv: cpu_ops_sbi: Use static array for boot_data",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-38407.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-01T01:02:33Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-38407",
      "id": "CVE-2025-38407",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-07-30T23:22:47Z",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "578",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-38407",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-38407.json",
      "version": "6"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.