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CVE-2025-40233 (GCVE-0-2025-40233)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-04 15:31 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:08
VLAI
Title
ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents The extent map cache can become stale when extents are moved or defragmented, causing subsequent operations to see outdated extent flags. This triggers a BUG_ON in ocfs2_refcount_cal_cow_clusters(). The problem occurs when: 1. copy_file_range() creates a reflinked extent with OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED 2. ioctl(FITRIM) triggers ocfs2_move_extents() 3. __ocfs2_move_extents_range() reads and caches the extent (flags=0x2) 4. ocfs2_move_extent()/ocfs2_defrag_extent() calls __ocfs2_move_extent() which clears OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED flag on disk (flags=0x0) 5. The extent map cache is not invalidated after the move 6. Later write() operations read stale cached flags (0x2) but disk has updated flags (0x0), causing a mismatch 7. BUG_ON(!(rec->e_flags & OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED)) triggers Fix by clearing the extent map cache after each extent move/defrag operation in __ocfs2_move_extents_range(). This ensures subsequent operations read fresh extent data from disk.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c , < 93166bc53c0e3587058327a4121daea34b4fecd5 (git)
Affected: 53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c , < a7ee72286efba1d407c6f15a0528e43593fb7007 (git)
Affected: 53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c , < 93b1ab422f1966b71561158e1aedce4ec100f357 (git)
Affected: 53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c , < e92af7737a94a729225d2a5d180eaaa77fe0bbc1 (git)
Affected: 53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c , < aa6a21409dd6221bb268b56bb410e031c632ff9a (git)
Affected: 53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c , < bb69928ed578f881e68d26aaf1a8f6e7faab3b44 (git)
Affected: 53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c , < a21750df2f6169af6e039a3bb4893d6c9564e48d (git)
Affected: 53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c , < 78a63493f8e352296dbc7cb7b3f4973105e8679e (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 3.0
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.301 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.246 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.196 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.158 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.115 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.56 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17.6 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents\n\nThe extent map cache can become stale when extents are moved or\ndefragmented, causing subsequent operations to see outdated extent flags. \nThis triggers a BUG_ON in ocfs2_refcount_cal_cow_clusters().\n\nThe problem occurs when:\n1. copy_file_range() creates a reflinked extent with OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED\n2. ioctl(FITRIM) triggers ocfs2_move_extents()\n3. __ocfs2_move_extents_range() reads and caches the extent (flags=0x2)\n4. ocfs2_move_extent()/ocfs2_defrag_extent() calls __ocfs2_move_extent()\n   which clears OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED flag on disk (flags=0x0)\n5. The extent map cache is not invalidated after the move\n6. Later write() operations read stale cached flags (0x2) but disk has\n   updated flags (0x0), causing a mismatch\n7. BUG_ON(!(rec-\u003ee_flags \u0026 OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED)) triggers\n\nFix by clearing the extent map cache after each extent move/defrag\noperation in __ocfs2_move_extents_range().  This ensures subsequent\noperations read fresh extent data from disk."
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through the OCFS2_IOC_MOVE_EXT ioctl and a subsequent write()/read() on a local file descriptor, requiring local system access. No remote protocol handler is involved.\nAC:L - The trigger is a deterministic, fully attacker-controlled sequence (copy_file_range \u2192 OCFS2_IOC_MOVE_EXT \u2192 write) with no race window, no memory-layout dependency, and no reliance on any condition outside the attacker\u0027s control; syzbot reproduced it reliably.\nPR:L - OCFS2_IOC_MOVE_EXT has no capability check whatsoever (unlike FITRIM in the same switch which requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN); any unprivileged local user holding a writable fd on a regular file of a mounted ocfs2 volume can drive the whole sequence.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step on its own file descriptor with no action by any other user; the ocfs2 mount is a pre-existing property of the deployment, not an action the attacker must induce.\nS:U - The corruption and crash are confined to the kernel and the filesystem\u0027s own on-disk data within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The stale extent-map entry retains the old physical cluster, which is freed to the global bitmap by the truncate-log flush at the end of the move, so later reads (O_DIRECT or buffered after cache eviction) resolve through the stale mapping and return the contents of clusters the allocator has since handed to other users\u0027 or root-owned files.\nI:H - The same stale cpos\u2192old_phys mapping is used for writes and writeback, so attacker-controlled data lands on physical clusters now owned by a different file, giving arbitrary on-disk corruption of files the attacker has no write permission to.\nA:H - BUG_ON(!(rec-\u003ee_flags \u0026 OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED)) at fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c:2683 oopses the task while it holds inode_lock, ip_alloc_sem and the ocfs2 DLM inode lock, permanently wedging the filesystem and blocking other cluster nodes; with panic_on_oops it is a full system panic."
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The extent map cache is not invalidated after the move\\n6. Later write() operations read stale cached flags (0x2) but disk has\\n   updated flags (0x0), causing a mismatch\\n7. BUG_ON(!(rec-\u003ee_flags \u0026 OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED)) triggers\\n\\nFix by clearing the extent map cache after each extent move/defrag\\noperation in __ocfs2_move_extents_range().  This ensures subsequent\\noperations read fresh extent data from disk.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/ocfs2/move_extents.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c\",\"lessThan\":\"93166bc53c0e3587058327a4121daea34b4fecd5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c\",\"lessThan\":\"a7ee72286efba1d407c6f15a0528e43593fb7007\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c\",\"lessThan\":\"93b1ab422f1966b71561158e1aedce4ec100f357\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c\",\"lessThan\":\"e92af7737a94a729225d2a5d180eaaa77fe0bbc1\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c\",\"lessThan\":\"aa6a21409dd6221bb268b56bb410e031c632ff9a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c\",\"lessThan\":\"bb69928ed578f881e68d26aaf1a8f6e7faab3b44\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c\",\"lessThan\":\"a21750df2f6169af6e039a3bb4893d6c9564e48d\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"53069d4e76954e2e63c1b3c501051c6fbcf7298c\",\"lessThan\":\"78a63493f8e352296dbc7cb7b3f4973105e8679e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/ocfs2/move_extents.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"3.0\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"3.0\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.4.301\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.4.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.246\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.196\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.158\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.115\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.56\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.17.6\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.17.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78a63493f8e352296dbc7cb7b3f4973105e8679e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/93166bc53c0e3587058327a4121daea34b4fecd5\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/93b1ab422f1966b71561158e1aedce4ec100f357\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a21750df2f6169af6e039a3bb4893d6c9564e48d\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a7ee72286efba1d407c6f15a0528e43593fb7007\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa6a21409dd6221bb268b56bb410e031c632ff9a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb69928ed578f881e68d26aaf1a8f6e7faab3b44\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e92af7737a94a729225d2a5d180eaaa77fe0bbc1\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:20:22+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40233",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40233",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-12-04T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ocfs2: clear extent cache after moving/defragmenting extents",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40233.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
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      "current_release_date": "2026-08-31T00:17:37Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40233",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40233",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-12-05T00:25:52Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "594",
      "product_status:recommended": "621",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-40233",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-40233.json",
      "version": "48"
    }
  }
}



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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.