Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-42290 (GCVE-0-2026-42290)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 14:49 – Updated: 2026-05-18 13:54

Title

protobufjs-cli: OS Command Injection

Summary

protobufjs-cli is the command line add-on for protobuf.js. Prior to 1.2.1 and 2.0.2, pbts invoked JSDoc by building a shell command string from input file paths and executing it through child_process.exec. File paths containing shell metacharacters could therefore be interpreted by the shell instead of being passed to JSDoc as plain arguments. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.2.1 and 2.0.2.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/securit…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
protobufjs	protobuf.js	Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.0.2 Affected: < 1.2.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-42290

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-13 16:16 - Updated: 2026-05-19 20:56

Severity

7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/security/advisories/GHSA-f84p-cvgm-xgjj	Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	protobufjs_project	protobufjs-cli	*
	protobufjs_project	protobufjs-cli	*

JSON

To clipboard

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    {
      "nodes": [
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    }
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GHSA-F84P-CVGM-XGJJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 14:59 – Updated: 2026-05-14 20:31

Summary

protobuf.js is Vulnerable to OS Command Injection in the CLI

Details

Summary

pbts invoked JSDoc by building a shell command string from input file paths and executing it through child_process.exec. File paths containing shell metacharacters could therefore be interpreted by the shell instead of being passed to JSDoc as plain arguments.

Impact

An attacker who can control file names or paths passed to pbts may be able to execute arbitrary shell commands with the privileges of the process running pbts.

This affects the protobufjs CLI tooling path. The protobufjs runtime APIs for encoding, decoding, parsing, and loading protobuf messages are not directly affected by this issue.

Preconditions

The application or user must invoke pbts on file paths influenced by an attacker.
The attacker must be able to supply or create a path containing shell-significant characters.
The vulnerable pbts version must execute the generated JSDoc command through a shell.

Workarounds

Do not run affected versions of pbts on attacker-controlled file names or paths. If this cannot be avoided, sanitize or rename input files before invoking pbts, or run the CLI in an isolated environment with minimal privileges.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

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      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.2.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "protobufjs-cli"
      },
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        }
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    },
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      },
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      },
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            },
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            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42290"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-12T14:59:45Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-13T16:16:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\n`pbts` invoked JSDoc by building a shell command string from input file paths and executing it through `child_process.exec`. File paths containing shell metacharacters could therefore be interpreted by the shell instead of being passed to JSDoc as plain arguments.\n\n## Impact\n\nAn attacker who can control file names or paths passed to `pbts` may be able to execute arbitrary shell commands with the privileges of the process running `pbts`.\n\nThis affects the protobufjs CLI tooling path. The protobufjs runtime APIs for encoding, decoding, parsing, and loading protobuf messages are not directly affected by this issue.\n\n## Preconditions\n\n- The application or user must invoke `pbts` on file paths influenced by an attacker.\n- The attacker must be able to supply or create a path containing shell-significant characters.\n- The vulnerable `pbts` version must execute the generated JSDoc command through a shell.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nDo not run affected versions of `pbts` on attacker-controlled file names or paths. If this cannot be avoided, sanitize or rename input files before invoking `pbts`, or run the CLI in an isolated environment with minimal privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-f84p-cvgm-xgjj",
  "modified": "2026-05-14T20:31:52Z",
  "published": "2026-05-12T14:59:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/security/advisories/GHSA-f84p-cvgm-xgjj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42290"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/releases/tag/protobufjs-cli-v1.2.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/protobufjs/protobuf.js/releases/tag/protobufjs-cli-v2.0.2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "protobuf.js is Vulnerable to OS Command Injection in the CLI"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-42290 (GCVE-0-2026-42290)

FKIE_CVE-2026-42290

GHSA-F84P-CVGM-XGJJ

Summary

Impact

Preconditions

Workarounds

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature