CVE-2026-54888 (GCVE-0-2026-54888)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-29 19:10 – Updated: 2026-06-30 04:37
VLAI
Title
Uncontrolled recursion over deeply nested Markdown crashes the BEAM in mdex
Summary
Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in leandrocp mdex allows denial of service via deeply nested Markdown input.
mdex converts between an Elixir %MDEx.Document{} struct and Comrak's internal AST using two mutually recursive Rust functions, ex_document_to_comrak_ast and comrak_ast_to_ex_document, in the NIF source file document.rs. Neither function enforces a maximum nesting depth, so the recursion depth is bounded only by the structure of the input. An attacker who can get a Markdown document rendered (for example through MDEx.parse_document!/1 or MDEx.to_html/1) can supply a document with thousands of nested block quotes, which drives unbounded recursion across the NIF boundary and exhausts the native C stack.
Because the resulting stack overflow is an uncatchable SIGSEGV raised inside a NIF, it cannot be contained by the Erlang runtime. It terminates the operating system process running the BEAM, killing every Elixir and Erlang process on the node, not just the caller that triggered the render. No authentication or special privileges are required.
The vulnerable conversion code was extracted from mdex into the separate mdex_native package starting in mdex 0.12.3. This issue affects mdex from 0.3.0 before 0.12.3 and mdex_native from 0.1.0 before 0.2.3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/security… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-54888.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-54888 | related |
| https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/commit/9… | patch |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| leandrocp | mdex |
Affected:
0.3.0 , < 0.12.3
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:leandrocp:mdex:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| leandrocp | mdex |
Affected:
d0bc7d55177727c61d188ef465178ab3b81f4f2c , < 6ed94d905f97af188323f042698ae841c02293b4
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:leandrocp:mdex:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| leandrocp | mdex_native |
Affected:
0.1.0 , < 0.2.3
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:leandrocp:mdex_native:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| leandrocp | mdex_native |
Affected:
956528c5e31746253347029e810a969ab916fd27 , < 947696c47bc22bea5dffc0f78c946fa6b70ce183
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:leandrocp:mdex_native:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-674\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-54888.html\",\"source\":\"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/commit/947696c47bc22bea5dffc0f78c946fa6b70ce183\",\"source\":\"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/security/advisories/GHSA-3w4f-53g2-f66p\",\"source\":\"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\"},{\"url\":\"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-54888\",\"source\":\"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/security/advisories/GHSA-3w4f-53g2-f66p\",\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\"}]}}",
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-54888\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-06-29T20:47:22.348133Z\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/security/advisories/GHSA-3w4f-53g2-f66p\", \"tags\": [\"exploit\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-29T20:47:45.481Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Uncontrolled recursion over deeply nested Markdown crashes the BEAM in mdex\", \"source\": {\"discovery\": \"EXTERNAL\"}, \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"finder\", \"value\": \"Peter Ullrich\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"remediation developer\", \"value\": \"Leandro Pereira\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"analyst\", \"value\": \"Jonatan M\\u00e4nnchen / EEF\"}], \"impacts\": [{\"capecId\": \"CAPEC-130\", \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CAPEC-130 Excessive Allocation\"}]}], \"metrics\": [{\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV4_0\": {\"version\": \"4.0\", \"baseScore\": 6.9, \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"cpes\": [\"cpe:2.3:a:leandrocp:mdex:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\"], \"repo\": \"https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex\", \"vendor\": \"leandrocp\", \"modules\": [\"comrak_nif\", \"\u0027Elixir.MDEx\u0027\", \"\u0027Elixir.MDEx.Native\u0027\"], \"product\": \"mdex\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0.3.0\", \"lessThan\": \"0.12.3\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}], \"packageURL\": \"pkg:hex/mdex\", \"packageName\": \"mdex\", \"programFiles\": 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\"tags\": [\"related\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/commit/947696c47bc22bea5dffc0f78c946fa6b70ce183\", \"tags\": [\"patch\"]}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"cvelib 1.8.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in leandrocp mdex allows denial of service via deeply nested Markdown input.\\n\\nmdex converts between an Elixir %MDEx.Document{} struct and Comrak\u0027s internal AST using two mutually recursive Rust functions, ex_document_to_comrak_ast and comrak_ast_to_ex_document, in the NIF source file document.rs. Neither function enforces a maximum nesting depth, so the recursion depth is bounded only by the structure of the input. An attacker who can get a Markdown document rendered (for example through MDEx.parse_document!/1 or MDEx.to_html/1) can supply a document with thousands of nested block quotes, which drives unbounded recursion across the NIF boundary and exhausts the native C stack.\\n\\nBecause the resulting stack overflow is an uncatchable SIGSEGV raised inside a NIF, it cannot be contained by the Erlang runtime. It terminates the operating system process running the BEAM, killing every Elixir and Erlang process on the node, not just the caller that triggered the render. No authentication or special privileges are required.\\n\\nThe vulnerable conversion code was extracted from mdex into the separate mdex_native package starting in mdex 0.12.3. This issue affects mdex from 0.3.0 before 0.12.3 and mdex_native from 0.1.0 before 0.2.3.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"\u003cp\u003eUncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in leandrocp mdex allows denial of service via deeply nested Markdown input.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003emdex converts between an Elixir \u003ctt\u003e%MDEx.Document{}\u003c/tt\u003e struct and Comrak\u0027s internal AST using two mutually recursive Rust functions, \u003ctt\u003eex_document_to_comrak_ast\u003c/tt\u003e and \u003ctt\u003ecomrak_ast_to_ex_document\u003c/tt\u003e, in the NIF source file \u003ctt\u003edocument.rs\u003c/tt\u003e. Neither function enforces a maximum nesting depth, so the recursion depth is bounded only by the structure of the input. An attacker who can get a Markdown document rendered (for example through \u003ctt\u003eMDEx.parse_document!/1\u003c/tt\u003e or \u003ctt\u003eMDEx.to_html/1\u003c/tt\u003e) can supply a document with thousands of nested block quotes, which drives unbounded recursion across the NIF boundary and exhausts the native C stack.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBecause the resulting stack overflow is an uncatchable SIGSEGV raised inside a NIF, it cannot be contained by the Erlang runtime. It terminates the operating system process running the BEAM, killing every Elixir and Erlang process on the node, not just the caller that triggered the render. No authentication or special privileges are required.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe vulnerable conversion code was extracted from mdex into the separate mdex_native package starting in mdex 0.12.3. This issue affects mdex from 0.3.0 before 0.12.3 and mdex_native from 0.1.0 before 0.2.3.\u003c/p\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-674\", \"description\": \"CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion\"}]}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:leandrocp:mdex:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"0.12.3\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"0.3.0\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:leandrocp:mdex_native:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"0.2.3\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"0.1.0\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\", \"shortName\": \"EEF\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T04:37:59.369Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-54888\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T04:37:59.369Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-06-16T10:47:13.915Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-06-29T19:10:38.151Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"EEF\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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