CVE-2026-89995 (GCVE-0-2026-89995)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 10:33 – Updated: 2026-09-16 14:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
dma-direct: return struct page from dma_direct_alloc_from_pool()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
dma-direct: return struct page from dma_direct_alloc_from_pool()
Commit 5b138c534fda ("dma-direct: factor out a dma_direct_alloc_from_pool
helper") changed dma_direct_alloc_from_pool() to return the CPU address
from dma_alloc_from_pool(). That fits dma_direct_alloc(), but
dma_direct_alloc_pages() also uses the helper and expects a struct page *.
Fix this by making dma_direct_alloc_from_pool() return the struct page *
again, and pass the CPU address back through an out-parameter for the
dma_direct_alloc() caller.
Severity
8.8 (High)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6 , < c3fdb94da43ff23287f85664174c45c45e881a3f
(git)
Affected: 5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6 , < 408ff2d5bf555bd3f4c84a2edb95c0690bf9edc8 (git) Affected: 5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6 , < feeb2ef775081a6c188cdd10e7a45369a07ce531 (git) Affected: 5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6 , < 94a04ad732c9f8b9554270fc4038a06737de5c22 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5.10
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.10 (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.110 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.51 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2.5 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.3-rc1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/dma/direct.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "c3fdb94da43ff23287f85664174c45c45e881a3f",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "408ff2d5bf555bd3f4c84a2edb95c0690bf9edc8",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "feeb2ef775081a6c188cdd10e7a45369a07ce531",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "94a04ad732c9f8b9554270fc4038a06737de5c22",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/dma/direct.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.10"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.10",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.110",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18.51",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.2.5",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.3-rc1",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.110",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.18.51",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.2.5",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.10",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.3-rc1",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.10",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndma-direct: return struct page from dma_direct_alloc_from_pool()\n\nCommit 5b138c534fda (\"dma-direct: factor out a dma_direct_alloc_from_pool\nhelper\") changed dma_direct_alloc_from_pool() to return the CPU address\nfrom dma_alloc_from_pool(). That fits dma_direct_alloc(), but\ndma_direct_alloc_pages() also uses the helper and expects a struct page *.\n\nFix this by making dma_direct_alloc_from_pool() return the struct page *\nagain, and pass the CPU address back through an out-parameter for the\ndma_direct_alloc() caller."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:A - dma_direct_alloc_pages() takes the buggy pool path from dma_alloc_noncoherent(GFP_ATOMIC) in ath11k_peer_rx_tid_setup(), which runs when a same-LAN WiFi peer associates or starts a Block Ack. On SEV/TDX/CCA guests and SME hosts, force_dma_unencrypted() is true, so a wireless attacker reaches the type confusion without a wired/Internet service.\nAC:L - The peer fully controls association and ADDBA, so the GFP_ATOMIC dma_alloc_pages() call is deterministic with no race to win. Confidential-computing dma-direct (atomic decrypted pool, no IOMMU) is the scored deployment, not an uninfluenced memory layout or rare extra config.\nPR:N - ath11k peer/TID setup and the cdns3 gadget GFP_ATOMIC dma_alloc_noncoherent() path run in kernel interrupt/softirq context with no host account, capability, or user-namespace check. An unauthenticated WiFi peer (or USB gadget host) is sufficient.\nUI:N - Peer creation and Block Ack setup are 802.11 protocol operations. Once the interface is up as an AP/hotspot or an already-associated STA, exploitation needs no victim mount, open, or other interactive step.\nS:U - The allocator returns a CPU virtual address as a struct page *, corrupting page and DMA bookkeeping in the same kernel. This is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or host/guest confidential-computing boundary crossing.\nC:H - Callers treat the kernel VA as a struct page, so page_to_virt/page_address/page_to_pfn compute wrong addresses and dma_mmap_pages() can remap a bogus PFN into userspace. That type confusion is an arbitrary kernel-memory disclosure primitive.\nI:H - sg_set_page, page_address stores, dma_set_encrypted(), and dma_free_contiguous() then operate on the fake page pointer, writing, re-encrypting, or freeing the wrong memory. That is an arbitrary kernel write/free primitive usable for control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Interpreting a DMA pool virtual address as a struct page * causes invalid vmemmap/page-flag accesses and buddy frees, which oops or panic the kernel even when not fully turned into a stable read/write primitive."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T14:41:10.079Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c3fdb94da43ff23287f85664174c45c45e881a3f"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/408ff2d5bf555bd3f4c84a2edb95c0690bf9edc8"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/feeb2ef775081a6c188cdd10e7a45369a07ce531"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/94a04ad732c9f8b9554270fc4038a06737de5c22"
}
],
"title": "dma-direct: return struct page from dma_direct_alloc_from_pool()",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-89995",
"datePublished": "2026-09-16T10:33:07.962Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-11T19:38:34.780Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T14:41:10.079Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-89995\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-09-16T11:17:10.707\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-09-16T15:18:23.157\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\ndma-direct: return struct page from dma_direct_alloc_from_pool()\\n\\nCommit 5b138c534fda (\\\"dma-direct: factor out a dma_direct_alloc_from_pool\\nhelper\\\") changed dma_direct_alloc_from_pool() to return the CPU address\\nfrom dma_alloc_from_pool(). That fits dma_direct_alloc(), but\\ndma_direct_alloc_pages() also uses the helper and expects a struct page *.\\n\\nFix this by making dma_direct_alloc_from_pool() return the struct page *\\nagain, and pass the CPU address back through an out-parameter for the\\ndma_direct_alloc() caller.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"kernel/dma/direct.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6\",\"lessThan\":\"c3fdb94da43ff23287f85664174c45c45e881a3f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6\",\"lessThan\":\"408ff2d5bf555bd3f4c84a2edb95c0690bf9edc8\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6\",\"lessThan\":\"feeb2ef775081a6c188cdd10e7a45369a07ce531\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5b138c534fda57c2ebc1e6de72578aa1d70788a6\",\"lessThan\":\"94a04ad732c9f8b9554270fc4038a06737de5c22\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"kernel/dma/direct.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5.10\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"5.10\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.110\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.51\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2.5\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.2.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.3-rc1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"ADJACENT_NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/408ff2d5bf555bd3f4c84a2edb95c0690bf9edc8\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/94a04ad732c9f8b9554270fc4038a06737de5c22\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c3fdb94da43ff23287f85664174c45c45e881a3f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/feeb2ef775081a6c188cdd10e7a45369a07ce531\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}"
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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