FKIE_CVE-2025-23167
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-05-19 02:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 08:52
Severity
Summary
A flaw in Node.js 20's HTTP parser allows improper termination of HTTP/1 headers using `\r\n\rX` instead of the required `\r\n\r\n`.
This inconsistency enables request smuggling, allowing attackers to bypass proxy-based access controls and submit unauthorized requests.
The issue was resolved by upgrading `llhttp` to version 9, which enforces correct header termination.
Impact:
* This vulnerability affects only Node.js 20.x users prior to the `llhttp` v9 upgrade.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version |
|---|
{
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "node",
"vendor": "nodejs",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "6.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "7.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "7.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "8.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "8.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "9.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "10.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "10.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "11.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "11.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "12.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "12.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "13.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "13.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "14.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "14.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "15.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "15.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "16.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "16.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "17.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "17.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "18.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "18.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "19.*",
"status": "affected",
"version": "19.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "20.19.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "20.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"source": "support@hackerone.com"
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A flaw in Node.js 20\u0027s HTTP parser allows improper termination of HTTP/1 headers using `\\r\\n\\rX` instead of the required `\\r\\n\\r\\n`.\nThis inconsistency enables request smuggling, allowing attackers to bypass proxy-based access controls and submit unauthorized requests.\n\nThe issue was resolved by upgrading `llhttp` to version 9, which enforces correct header termination.\n\nImpact:\n* This vulnerability affects only Node.js 20.x users prior to the `llhttp` v9 upgrade."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Una falla en el analizador HTTP de Node.js 20 permite la terminaci\u00f3n incorrecta de los encabezados HTTP/1 mediante `\\r\\n\\rX` en lugar del `\\r\\n\\r\\n` requerido. Esta inconsistencia facilita el contrabando de solicitudes, lo que permite a los atacantes eludir los controles de acceso basados en proxy y enviar solicitudes no autorizadas. El problema se solucion\u00f3 actualizando `llhttp` a la versi\u00f3n 9, que aplica la terminaci\u00f3n correcta de los encabezados. Impacto: * Esta vulnerabilidad afecta solo a los usuarios de Node.js 20.x anteriores a la actualizaci\u00f3n a `llhttp` v9."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-23167",
"lastModified": "2026-06-17T08:52:18.947",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV30": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.0"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
"impactScore": 2.5,
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2025-23167",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "yes"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-05-19T15:09:55.841520Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2025-05-19T02:15:17.583",
"references": [
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"url": "https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/may-2025-security-releases"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "support@hackerone.com",
"vulnStatus": "Deferred",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-444"
}
],
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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