Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2026-81636

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-08-30 19:17 - Updated: 2026-09-01 21:15

Severity

8.7 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Summary

Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in ash-project ash_graphql allows an unauthenticated client to bypass the configured GraphQL query-complexity limit and force an unbounded database read. AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver.query_complexity/3 multiplies child complexity by the requested page size only when the argument map contains :limit (offset pagination). Relay connections and keyset pagination use first and last, which never match that clause and fall through to the catch-all that returns child_complexity + 1. A nested relay query such as posts(first: 500) { edges { node { comments(first: 500) { ... } } } } therefore scores as trivially cheap while materializing the full fan-out, passing an Absinthe max_complexity cap that rejects the equivalent limit-based query. The fix adds first and last clauses clamped to the action's page size. This issue affects ash_graphql: from 0.16.23 before 1.11.0.

References

	URL	Tags
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-81636.html
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/commit/c3229f6a65cbabb32fd7ffcac881922d1b3b30ad
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-mwc4-r9fc-h6mg
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-81636
	134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-mwc4-r9fc-h6mg

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_graphql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "\u0027Elixir.AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver\u0027"
          ],
          "packageName": "ash_graphql",
          "packageURL": "pkg:hex/ash_graphql",
          "product": "ash_graphql",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/graphql/resolver.ex"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "\u0027Elixir.AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver\u0027:query_complexity/3"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql",
          "vendor": "ash-project",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.11.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.16.23",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_graphql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "\u0027Elixir.AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver\u0027"
          ],
          "packageName": "ash-project/ash_graphql",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/ash-project/ash_graphql",
          "product": "ash_graphql",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/graphql/resolver.ex"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "\u0027Elixir.AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver\u0027:query_complexity/3"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql",
          "vendor": "ash-project",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "c3229f6a65cbabb32fd7ffcac881922d1b3b30ad",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d8a3e1b15587180ad9cb3ceeb398863d086c163b",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in ash-project ash_graphql allows an unauthenticated client to bypass the configured GraphQL query-complexity limit and force an unbounded database read.\n\nAshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver.query_complexity/3 multiplies child complexity by the requested page size only when the argument map contains :limit (offset pagination). Relay connections and keyset pagination use first and last, which never match that clause and fall through to the catch-all that returns child_complexity + 1. A nested relay query such as posts(first: 500) { edges { node { comments(first: 500) { ... } } } } therefore scores as trivially cheap while materializing the full fan-out, passing an Absinthe max_complexity cap that rejects the equivalent limit-based query. The fix adds first and last clauses clamped to the action\u0027s page size.\n\nThis issue affects ash_graphql: from 0.16.23 before 1.11.0."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-81636",
  "lastModified": "2026-09-01T21:15:00.147",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 8.7,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-81636",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-08-31T15:56:42.788155Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-08-30T19:17:29.543",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-81636.html"
    },
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/commit/c3229f6a65cbabb32fd7ffcac881922d1b3b30ad"
    },
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-mwc4-r9fc-h6mg"
    },
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-81636"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-mwc4-r9fc-h6mg"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-770"
        }
      ],
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2026-81636 (GCVE-0-2026-81636)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 18:25 – Updated: 2026-08-31 15:57

Title

Query-complexity limit bypass via first/last pagination arguments in AshGraphql enables denial of service

Summary

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-31 15:56 UTC

CWE

CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Assigner

EEF mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/securi…	vendor-advisoryrelated
https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-81636.html	related
https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-81636	related
https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/commit…	patch

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
ash-project	ash_graphql	Affected: 0.16.23 , < 1.11.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_graphql::::::::
ash-project	ash_graphql	Affected: d8a3e1b15587180ad9cb3ceeb398863d086c163b , < c3229f6a65cbabb32fd7ffcac881922d1b3b30ad (git) cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_graphql::::::::

Credits

Peter Ullrich Peter Ullrich Zach Daniel / Ash Project Jonatan Männchen / EEF

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-81636",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-08-31T15:56:42.788155Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-31T15:57:06.465Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-mwc4-r9fc-h6mg"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_graphql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "\u0027Elixir.AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver\u0027"
          ],
          "packageName": "ash_graphql",
          "packageURL": "pkg:hex/ash_graphql",
          "product": "ash_graphql",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/graphql/resolver.ex"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "\u0027Elixir.AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver\u0027:query_complexity/3"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql",
          "vendor": "ash-project",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.11.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.16.23",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_graphql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "\u0027Elixir.AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver\u0027"
          ],
          "packageName": "ash-project/ash_graphql",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/ash-project/ash_graphql",
          "product": "ash_graphql",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/graphql/resolver.ex"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "\u0027Elixir.AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver\u0027:query_complexity/3"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql",
          "vendor": "ash-project",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "c3229f6a65cbabb32fd7ffcac881922d1b3b30ad",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d8a3e1b15587180ad9cb3ceeb398863d086c163b",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_graphql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "1.11.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "0.16.23",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "AND"
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Peter Ullrich"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "Peter Ullrich"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "remediation developer",
          "value": "Zach Daniel / Ash Project"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "Jonatan M\u00e4nnchen / EEF"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eAllocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in ash-project ash_graphql allows an unauthenticated client to bypass the configured GraphQL query-complexity limit and force an unbounded database read.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver.query_complexity/3\u003c/code\u003e multiplies child complexity by the requested page size only when the argument map contains \u003ccode\u003e:limit\u003c/code\u003e (offset pagination). Relay connections and keyset pagination use \u003ccode\u003efirst\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003elast\u003c/code\u003e, which never match that clause and fall through to the catch-all that returns \u003ccode\u003echild_complexity + 1\u003c/code\u003e. A nested relay query such as \u003ccode\u003eposts(first: 500) { edges { node { comments(first: 500) { ... } } } }\u003c/code\u003e therefore scores as trivially cheap while materializing the full fan-out, passing an Absinthe \u003ccode\u003emax_complexity\u003c/code\u003e cap that rejects the equivalent \u003ccode\u003elimit\u003c/code\u003e-based query. The fix adds \u003ccode\u003efirst\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003elast\u003c/code\u003e clauses clamped to the action\u0027s page size.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects ash_graphql: from 0.16.23 before 1.11.0.\u003c/p\u003e"
            },
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/markdown",
              "value": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in ash-project ash_graphql allows an unauthenticated client to bypass the configured GraphQL query-complexity limit and force an unbounded database read.\n\n`AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver.query_complexity/3` multiplies child complexity by the requested page size only when the argument map contains `:limit` (offset pagination). Relay connections and keyset pagination use `first` and `last`, which never match that clause and fall through to the catch-all that returns `child_complexity + 1`. A nested relay query such as `posts(first: 500) { edges { node { comments(first: 500) { ... } } } }` therefore scores as trivially cheap while materializing the full fan-out, passing an Absinthe `max_complexity` cap that rejects the equivalent `limit`-based query. The fix adds `first` and `last` clauses clamped to the action\u0027s page size.\n\nThis issue affects ash_graphql: from 0.16.23 before 1.11.0."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in ash-project ash_graphql allows an unauthenticated client to bypass the configured GraphQL query-complexity limit and force an unbounded database read.\n\nAshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver.query_complexity/3 multiplies child complexity by the requested page size only when the argument map contains :limit (offset pagination). Relay connections and keyset pagination use first and last, which never match that clause and fall through to the catch-all that returns child_complexity + 1. A nested relay query such as posts(first: 500) { edges { node { comments(first: 500) { ... } } } } therefore scores as trivially cheap while materializing the full fan-out, passing an Absinthe max_complexity cap that rejects the equivalent limit-based query. The fix adds first and last clauses clamped to the action\u0027s page size.\n\nThis issue affects ash_graphql: from 0.16.23 before 1.11.0."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-130",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-130 Excessive Allocation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-770",
              "description": "CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-30T18:25:29.776Z",
        "orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "shortName": "EEF"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-mwc4-r9fc-h6mg"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-81636.html"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-81636"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/commit/c3229f6a65cbabb32fd7ffcac881922d1b3b30ad"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Query-complexity limit bypass via first/last pagination arguments in AshGraphql enables denial of service"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
    "assignerShortName": "EEF",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-81636",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-30T18:25:29.776Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-30T02:00:02.143Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-31T15:57:06.465Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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FKIE_CVE-2026-81636

CVE-2026-81636 (GCVE-0-2026-81636)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour