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GHSA-CQ9M-7482-XQ9J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-12 12:30 – Updated: 2025-03-13 18:32

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nvmet: Fix crash when a namespace is disabled

The namespace percpu counter protects pending I/O, and we can only safely diable the namespace once the counter drop to zero. Otherwise we end up with a crash when running blktests/nvme/058 (eg for loop transport):

[ 2352.930426] [ T53909] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000005: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN PTI [ 2352.930431] [ T53909] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000028-0x000000000000002f] [ 2352.930434] [ T53909] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 53909 Comm: kworker/u16:5 Tainted: G W 6.13.0-rc6 #232 [ 2352.930438] [ T53909] Tainted: [W]=WARN [ 2352.930440] [ T53909] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-3.fc41 04/01/2014 [ 2352.930443] [ T53909] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvme_loop_execute_work [nvme_loop] [ 2352.930449] [ T53909] RIP: 0010:blkcg_set_ioprio+0x44/0x180

as the queue is already torn down when calling submit_bio();

So we need to init the percpu counter in nvmet_ns_enable(), and wait for it to drop to zero in nvmet_ns_disable() to avoid having I/O pending after the namespace has been disabled.

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21850"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-835"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-12T10:15:17Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvmet: Fix crash when a namespace is disabled\n\nThe namespace percpu counter protects pending I/O, and we can\nonly safely diable the namespace once the counter drop to zero.\nOtherwise we end up with a crash when running blktests/nvme/058\n(eg for loop transport):\n\n[ 2352.930426] [  T53909] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000005: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN PTI\n[ 2352.930431] [  T53909] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000028-0x000000000000002f]\n[ 2352.930434] [  T53909] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 53909 Comm: kworker/u16:5 Tainted: G        W          6.13.0-rc6 #232\n[ 2352.930438] [  T53909] Tainted: [W]=WARN\n[ 2352.930440] [  T53909] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-3.fc41 04/01/2014\n[ 2352.930443] [  T53909] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvme_loop_execute_work [nvme_loop]\n[ 2352.930449] [  T53909] RIP: 0010:blkcg_set_ioprio+0x44/0x180\n\nas the queue is already torn down when calling submit_bio();\n\nSo we need to init the percpu counter in nvmet_ns_enable(), and\nwait for it to drop to zero in nvmet_ns_disable() to avoid having\nI/O pending after the namespace has been disabled.",
  "id": "GHSA-cq9m-7482-xq9j",
  "modified": "2025-03-13T18:32:21Z",
  "published": "2025-03-12T12:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4082326807072b71496501b6a0c55ffe8d5092a5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc0607594f6813342b27c752c6fb6f6eb9980cb5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-21850 (GCVE-0-2025-21850)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-12 09:42 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:54

Title

nvmet: Fix crash when a namespace is disabled

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvmet: Fix crash when a namespace is disabled The namespace percpu counter protects pending I/O, and we can only safely diable the namespace once the counter drop to zero. Otherwise we end up with a crash when running blktests/nvme/058 (eg for loop transport): [ 2352.930426] [ T53909] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000005: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN PTI [ 2352.930431] [ T53909] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000028-0x000000000000002f] [ 2352.930434] [ T53909] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 53909 Comm: kworker/u16:5 Tainted: G W 6.13.0-rc6 #232 [ 2352.930438] [ T53909] Tainted: [W]=WARN [ 2352.930440] [ T53909] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-3.fc41 04/01/2014 [ 2352.930443] [ T53909] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvme_loop_execute_work [nvme_loop] [ 2352.930449] [ T53909] RIP: 0010:blkcg_set_ioprio+0x44/0x180 as the queue is already torn down when calling submit_bio(); So we need to init the percpu counter in nvmet_ns_enable(), and wait for it to drop to zero in nvmet_ns_disable() to avoid having I/O pending after the namespace has been disabled.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

5.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-10-01 19:26 UTC

CWE

CWE-835 - Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc0607594f6813342…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4082326807072b714…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 74d16965d7ac378d28ebd833ae6d6a097186a4ec , < cc0607594f6813342b27c752c6fb6f6eb9980cb5 (git) Affected: 74d16965d7ac378d28ebd833ae6d6a097186a4ec , < 4082326807072b71496501b6a0c55ffe8d5092a5 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.13 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.13 (semver) Unaffected: 6.13.5 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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{
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        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "LOCAL",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 5.5,
              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "NONE",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
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            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-21850",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
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                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-10-01T19:26:16.776927Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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                "description": "CWE-835 Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition (\u0027Infinite Loop\u0027)",
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        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T19:26:38.884Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
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      }
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              "versionType": "git"
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
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              "version": "6.13"
            },
            {
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              "version": "6.13.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
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            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14",
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.13",
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                {
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.14",
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvmet: Fix crash when a namespace is disabled\n\nThe namespace percpu counter protects pending I/O, and we can\nonly safely diable the namespace once the counter drop to zero.\nOtherwise we end up with a crash when running blktests/nvme/058\n(eg for loop transport):\n\n[ 2352.930426] [  T53909] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000005: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN PTI\n[ 2352.930431] [  T53909] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000028-0x000000000000002f]\n[ 2352.930434] [  T53909] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 53909 Comm: kworker/u16:5 Tainted: G        W          6.13.0-rc6 #232\n[ 2352.930438] [  T53909] Tainted: [W]=WARN\n[ 2352.930440] [  T53909] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-3.fc41 04/01/2014\n[ 2352.930443] [  T53909] Workqueue: nvmet-wq nvme_loop_execute_work [nvme_loop]\n[ 2352.930449] [  T53909] RIP: 0010:blkcg_set_ioprio+0x44/0x180\n\nas the queue is already torn down when calling submit_bio();\n\nSo we need to init the percpu counter in nvmet_ns_enable(), and\nwait for it to drop to zero in nvmet_ns_disable() to avoid having\nI/O pending after the namespace has been disabled."
        }
      ],
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          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The buggy code is in nvmet core, shared by nvmet-tcp (TCP/4420) and nvmet-rdma, and the in-flight request that holds the stale namespace reference is created and timed by a remote NVMe-oF initiator \u2014 `nvmet_req_init()` takes the ref on the command-capsule PDU and the target waits for the host\u0027s H2C data PDUs before executing. The remote peer therefore both holds the reference and picks the moment of the stale dereference.\nAC:L - The attacker can park a write command so the namespace percpu-ref is held indefinitely and then deliver the data PDU at will, so no race must be \"won\" and no memory-layout condition applies; on a loaded target there is always outstanding I/O anyway. In orchestrated NVMe-oF deployments the attacker also drives the disable side through ordinary volume detach, making both halves attacker-controlled.\nPR:N - nvmet performs no cryptographic authentication by default \u2014 admission is a plaintext host-NQN string compare (`nvmet_host_allowed()`) or `allow_any_host=1`, both trivially satisfied by an unauthenticated peer. Issuing normal read/write commands on a connection the attacker establishes requires no privilege on the target host.\nUI:N - In the realistic orchestrated/multi-tenant deployment the attacker triggers the namespace disable itself via a control-plane volume detach while holding stalled I/O, so no other user participates. Namespace disable is also routine automated reconfiguration rather than a discrete victim action.\nS:U - The corruption and its consequences are confined to the target host\u0027s kernel; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox authority boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free of `struct file`, the bvec mempool, and PR `pc_ref` slab objects, all reachable from a request whose contents the attacker controls; reclaiming those allocations with attacker-chosen data yields kernel memory disclosure via read/compare responses. Per kernel guidance, UAF is scored High for confidentiality.\nI:H - The file-backed path performs an indirect call through `req-\u003ens-\u003efile-\u003ef_op-\u003ewrite_iter` on a freed file, a direct control-flow-hijack primitive, and the PR path performs a `percpu_ref_put()` write into kfree\u0027d memory. Both are exploitable write/execute primitives after heap grooming.\nA:H - The bug reproduces as an immediate kernel oops \u2014 a general protection fault in `blkcg_set_ioprio()` from `submit_bio()` on a torn-down request queue, as recorded in the fix commit. A remote initiator can trigger this deterministically, panicking the storage target."
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    "cveId": "CVE-2025-21850",
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    "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.779Z",
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Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

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Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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GHSA-CQ9M-7482-XQ9J

CVE-2025-21850 (GCVE-0-2025-21850)

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