Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-J8G6-5GQC-MQ36

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-09 17:19 – Updated: 2025-12-11 15:49

Summary

Neuron MySQLSelectTool “read-only” bypass via `SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE` (file write → potential RCE)

Details

Impact

MySQLSelectTool is intended to be a read-only SQL tool (e.g., for LLM agent querying). However, validation based on the first keyword (e.g., SELECT) and a forbidden-keyword list does not block file-writing constructs such as INTO OUTFILE / INTO DUMPFILE.

As a result, an attacker who can influence the tool input (e.g., prompt injection through a public agent endpoint) may be able to write arbitrary content to files on the DB server.

If the MySQL/MariaDB account has the FILE privilege and server configuration permits writes to a useful location (e.g., a web-accessible directory), the impact can escalate to remote code execution on the application host (for example, by writing a PHP web shell).

Who is impacted: Deployments that expose an agent using MySQLSelectTool to untrusted input and run with overly-permissive DB privileges/configuration.

Patches

Not patched in: 2.8.11

Fixed in: 2.8.12

Recommended fix direction:

Explicitly reject queries containing: INTO, OUTFILE, DUMPFILE, LOAD_FILE, and other file/IO-related functions/clauses.
Prefer AST-based validation (SQL parser) over keyword checks.
Constrain allowed tables/columns and disallow multi-statements.

Workarounds

If you cannot upgrade immediately:

Remove/disable MySQLSelectTool for any agent reachable from untrusted input.
Ensure DB account used by the tool does not have FILE privilege.
Ensure secure_file_priv is set to a directory that is not web-accessible (or restrict it tightly).
Add a defensive query filter at the application layer rejecting INTO OUTFILE, INTO DUMPFILE, LOAD_FILE, ; (multi-statements), and suspicious comment patterns.

Severity

8.2 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.8.11"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "neuron-core/neuron-ai"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-67509"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-09T17:19:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-10T23:15:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\n`MySQLSelectTool` is intended to be a read-only SQL tool (e.g., for LLM agent querying). However, validation based on the first keyword (e.g., `SELECT`) and a forbidden-keyword list does not block file-writing constructs such as `INTO OUTFILE` / `INTO DUMPFILE`.  \n\nAs a result, an attacker who can influence the tool input (e.g., prompt injection through a public agent endpoint) may be able to write arbitrary content to files on the DB server.\n\nIf the MySQL/MariaDB account has the `FILE` privilege and server configuration permits writes to a useful location (e.g., a web-accessible directory), the impact can escalate to remote code execution on the application host (for example, by writing a PHP web shell).\n\n**Who is impacted:** Deployments that expose an agent using `MySQLSelectTool` to untrusted input and run with overly-permissive DB privileges/configuration.\n\n### Patches\n\n**Not patched in:** 2.8.11  \n\n**Fixed in:** 2.8.12\n\nRecommended fix direction:\n\n- Explicitly reject queries containing: `INTO`, `OUTFILE`, `DUMPFILE`, `LOAD_FILE`, and other file/IO-related functions/clauses.\n\n- Prefer AST-based validation (SQL parser) over keyword checks.\n\n- Constrain allowed tables/columns and disallow multi-statements.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf you cannot upgrade immediately:\n\n- Remove/disable `MySQLSelectTool` for any agent reachable from untrusted input.\n\n- Ensure DB account used by the tool **does not** have `FILE` privilege.\n\n- Ensure `secure_file_priv` is set to a directory that is **not** web-accessible (or restrict it tightly).\n\n- Add a defensive query filter at the application layer rejecting `INTO OUTFILE`, `INTO DUMPFILE`, `LOAD_FILE`, `;` (multi-statements), and suspicious comment patterns.",
  "id": "GHSA-j8g6-5gqc-mq36",
  "modified": "2025-12-11T15:49:01Z",
  "published": "2025-12-09T17:19:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/neuron-core/neuron-ai/security/advisories/GHSA-j8g6-5gqc-mq36"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67509"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/neuron-core/neuron-ai/commit/72735d0ea133266cf2f5d5d195d41e9dd865289a"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/neuron-core/neuron-ai"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/neuron-core/neuron-ai/releases/tag/2.8.12"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Neuron MySQLSelectTool \u201cread-only\u201d bypass via `SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE` (file write \u2192 potential RCE)"
}

CVE-2025-67509 (GCVE-0-2025-67509)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-10 23:05 – Updated: 2025-12-11 15:37

Title

MySQLSelectTool Read-Only Bypass via SELECT INTO OUTFILE Allows Arbitrary File Write

Summary

Neuron is a PHP framework for creating and orchestrating AI Agents. Versions 2.8.11 and below use MySQLSelectTool, which is vulnerable to Read-Only Bypass. MySQLSelectTool is intended to be a read-only SQL tool (e.g., for LLM agent querying, however, validation based on the first keyword (e.g., SELECT) and a forbidden-keyword list does not block file-writing constructs such as INTO OUTFILE / INTO DUMPFILE. As a result, an attacker who can influence the tool input (e.g., via prompt injection through a public agent endpoint) may write arbitrary files to the DB server if the MySQL/MariaDB account has the FILE privilege and server configuration permits writes to a useful location (e.g., a web-accessible directory). This issue is fixed in version 2.8.12.

Severity

8.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-12-11 15:36 UTC

CWE

CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/neuron-core/neuron-ai/security…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/neuron-core/neuron-ai/commit/7…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/neuron-core/neuron-ai/releases…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
neuron-core	neuron-ai	Affected: < 2.8.12

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-67509",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-11T15:36:45.498513Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
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      "affected": [
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          "vendor": "neuron-core",
          "versions": [
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              "status": "affected",
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Neuron is a PHP framework for creating and orchestrating AI Agents. Versions 2.8.11 and below use MySQLSelectTool, which is vulnerable to Read-Only Bypass.  MySQLSelectTool is intended to be a read-only SQL tool (e.g., for LLM agent querying, however, validation based on the first keyword (e.g., SELECT) and a forbidden-keyword list does not block file-writing constructs such as INTO OUTFILE / INTO DUMPFILE. As a result, an attacker who can influence the tool input (e.g., via prompt injection through a public agent endpoint) may write arbitrary files to the DB server if the MySQL/MariaDB account has the FILE privilege and server configuration permits writes to a useful location (e.g., a web-accessible directory). This issue is fixed in version 2.8.12."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 8.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
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      "problemTypes": [
        {
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              "lang": "en",
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            }
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      "providerMetadata": {
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      "references": [
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          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/neuron-core/neuron-ai/security/advisories/GHSA-j8g6-5gqc-mq36"
        },
        {
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      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-j8g6-5gqc-mq36",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "MySQLSelectTool Read-Only Bypass via SELECT INTO OUTFILE Allows Arbitrary File Write"
    }
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
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    "datePublished": "2025-12-10T23:05:22.163Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-08T21:36:28.780Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T15:37:08.650Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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