GHSA-V529-VHWC-WFC5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-23 14:12 – Updated: 2026-05-29 21:46Vulnerability Type: CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') Attack type: Authenticated remote Impact: Telemetry data disclosure and deletion Affected components: openc3-tsdb (QuestDB)
A SQL injection vulnerability exists in the Time-Series Database (TSDB) component of COSMOS. The tsdb_lookup function in the cvt_model.rb file directly places user-supplied input into a SQL query without sanitizing the input. As a result, a user can break out of the initial SQL statement and execute arbitrary SQL commands, including deleting data.
Figure 1: Source code vulnerable to SQL injection
Additionally, the get_tlm_values RPC endpoint only requires “tlm” permissions, allowing any user with the Admin, Operator, Viewer, or Runner roles to send a request to the TSDB. This permission is defined in roles-permissions.md to allow for the user to view telemetry data, but this vulnerability also allows them to delete data and tables.
Figure 2: Source code showing the required permissions for the get_tlm_values endpoint
Sending a normal request to the endpoint brings back a single array of values for the parameter:
Figure 3: A normal request to the get_tlm_values endpoint
However, sending a specially crafted request within the start_time variable brings back all the data in the database:
Figure 4: The request and response after sending the SQL injection payload This payload can be modified to executes SQL commands in the TSDB.
Figure 5: SQL injection used to execute arbitrary SQL command The user can then delete all the historical data in the database:
Figure 6: Example payload dropping the tables
Steps to Reproduce
- Capture a JSON-RPC request to the
get_tlm_valuesendpoint. - Add the
start_timekey to the request body and place the following in the value:
‘ OR 1=1 --
- Retrieve all database data.
Recommendations
• Sanitize all user-supplied input before executing it • Use prepared statements with parameterized queries when executing SQL statements
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "openc3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.0.0-rc3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42087"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-89"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-23T14:12:02Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-04T18:16:30Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "**Vulnerability Type: CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command (\u0027SQL Injection\u0027)\nAttack type: Authenticated remote\nImpact: Telemetry data disclosure and deletion\nAffected components: openc3-tsdb (QuestDB)**\n\nA SQL injection vulnerability exists in the Time-Series Database (TSDB) component of COSMOS. The `tsdb_lookup` function in the `cvt_model.rb` file directly places user-supplied input into a SQL query without sanitizing the input. As a result, a user can break out of the initial SQL statement and execute arbitrary SQL commands, including deleting data. \n \n\u003cimg width=\"940\" height=\"719\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/2c2dd294-6192-49d3-b670-fd7b82c05be0\" /\u003e\n\nFigure 1: Source code vulnerable to SQL injection\nAdditionally, the `get_tlm_values` RPC endpoint only requires \u201ctlm\u201d permissions, allowing any user with the Admin, Operator, Viewer, or Runner roles to send a request to the TSDB. This permission is defined in roles-permissions.md to allow for the user to view telemetry data, but this vulnerability also allows them to delete data and tables.\n \n\u003cimg width=\"940\" height=\"410\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/40be7e8d-51f9-442d-bbd7-77c8488a2f78\" /\u003e\n\nFigure 2: Source code showing the required permissions for the `get_tlm_values` endpoint\nSending a normal request to the endpoint brings back a single array of values for the parameter:\n \n\u003cimg width=\"944\" height=\"481\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/23678f17-6bdf-41c1-81bc-ace5a8daa7e5\" /\u003e\n\nFigure 3: A normal request to the `get_tlm_values` endpoint\nHowever, sending a specially crafted request within the start_time variable brings back all the data in the database:\n \n\u003cimg width=\"944\" height=\"432\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bd5ecc87-ba9c-43f0-b196-91062b9c395a\" /\u003e\n\nFigure 4: The request and response after sending the SQL injection payload\nThis payload can be modified to executes SQL commands in the TSDB.\n \n\u003cimg width=\"944\" height=\"425\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/70c3c88e-9ed6-4542-bfb4-e77abb002c15\" /\u003e\n\nFigure 5: SQL injection used to execute arbitrary SQL command\nThe user can then delete all the historical data in the database:\n \n\u003cimg width=\"944\" height=\"496\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f2dc1fa6-5fe0-4232-867a-a65776f108ee\" /\u003e\n\nFigure 6: Example payload dropping the tables\n###\tSteps to Reproduce\n1.\tCapture a JSON-RPC request to the `get_tlm_values` endpoint.\n2.\tAdd the `start_time` key to the request body and place the following in the value:\n```sql\n\u2018 OR 1=1 --\n```\n3.\tRetrieve all database data.\n###\tRecommendations\n\u2022\tSanitize all user-supplied input before executing it\n\u2022\tUse prepared statements with parameterized queries when executing SQL statements",
"id": "GHSA-v529-vhwc-wfc5",
"modified": "2026-05-29T21:46:48Z",
"published": "2026-04-23T14:12:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/security/advisories/GHSA-v529-vhwc-wfc5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/commit/9ba60c09c8836a37a2e4ea67ab35fe403e041415"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/OpenC3/cosmos/releases/tag/v7.0.0-rc3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/openc3/CVE-2026-42087.yml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "OpenC3 COSMOS has SQL Injection in QuestDB Time-Series Database"
}
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
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- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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