Vulnerability-Lookup

GSD-2023-22621

Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2023-12-13 01:20

Details

Strapi through 4.5.5 allows authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the server. A remote attacker with access to the Strapi admin panel can inject a crafted payload that executes code on the server into an email template that bypasses the validation checks that should prevent code execution.

Aliases

CVE-2023-22621

Aliases

CVE-2023-22621

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "GSD": {
    "alias": "CVE-2023-22621",
    "id": "GSD-2023-22621"
  },
  "gsd": {
    "metadata": {
      "exploitCode": "unknown",
      "remediation": "unknown",
      "reportConfidence": "confirmed",
      "type": "vulnerability"
    },
    "osvSchema": {
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2023-22621"
      ],
      "details": "Strapi through 4.5.5 allows authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the server. A remote attacker with access to the Strapi admin panel can inject a crafted payload that executes code on the server into an email template that bypasses the validation checks that should prevent code execution.",
      "id": "GSD-2023-22621",
      "modified": "2023-12-13T01:20:43.231287Z",
      "schema_version": "1.4.0"
    }
  },
  "namespaces": {
    "cve.org": {
      "CVE_data_meta": {
        "ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
        "ID": "CVE-2023-22621",
        "STATE": "PUBLIC"
      },
      "affects": {
        "vendor": {
          "vendor_data": [
            {
              "product": {
                "product_data": [
                  {
                    "product_name": "n/a",
                    "version": {
                      "version_data": [
                        {
                          "version_value": "n/a"
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  }
                ]
              },
              "vendor_name": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "data_format": "MITRE",
      "data_type": "CVE",
      "data_version": "4.0",
      "description": {
        "description_data": [
          {
            "lang": "eng",
            "value": "Strapi through 4.5.5 allows authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the server. A remote attacker with access to the Strapi admin panel can inject a crafted payload that executes code on the server into an email template that bypasses the validation checks that should prevent code execution."
          }
        ]
      },
      "problemtype": {
        "problemtype_data": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "eng",
                "value": "n/a"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "references": {
        "reference_data": [
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "gitlab.com": {
      "advisories": [
        {
          "affected_range": "\u003c4.5.6",
          "affected_versions": "All versions before 4.5.6",
          "cwe_ids": [
            "CWE-1035",
            "CWE-78",
            "CWE-937"
          ],
          "date": "2023-04-19",
          "description": "Strapi through 4.5.5 allows authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the server. A remote attacker with access to the Strapi admin panel can inject a crafted payload that executes code on the server into an email template that bypasses the validation checks that should prevent code execution.",
          "fixed_versions": [
            "4.5.6"
          ],
          "identifier": "CVE-2023-22621",
          "identifiers": [
            "GHSA-2h87-4q2w-v4hf",
            "CVE-2023-22621"
          ],
          "not_impacted": "All versions starting from 4.5.6",
          "package_slug": "npm/@strapi/plugin-email",
          "pubdate": "2023-04-19",
          "solution": "Upgrade to version 4.5.6 or above.",
          "title": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)",
          "urls": [
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/security/advisories/GHSA-2h87-4q2w-v4hf",
            "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22621",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/pull/15385",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/commit/921d30961d6ba96cc098f2aea197350a49f990bd",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases/tag/v4.5.6",
            "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve",
            "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/",
            "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2h87-4q2w-v4hf"
          ],
          "uuid": "a0ea3610-2f0b-4a46-97d7-0e3a92f5457a"
        },
        {
          "affected_range": "\u003c4.5.6",
          "affected_versions": "All versions before 4.5.6",
          "cwe_ids": [
            "CWE-1035",
            "CWE-78",
            "CWE-937"
          ],
          "date": "2023-04-19",
          "description": "Strapi through 4.5.5 allows authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the server. A remote attacker with access to the Strapi admin panel can inject a crafted payload that executes code on the server into an email template that bypasses the validation checks that should prevent code execution.",
          "fixed_versions": [
            "4.5.6"
          ],
          "identifier": "CVE-2023-22621",
          "identifiers": [
            "GHSA-2h87-4q2w-v4hf",
            "CVE-2023-22621"
          ],
          "not_impacted": "All versions starting from 4.5.6",
          "package_slug": "npm/@strapi/plugin-users-permissions",
          "pubdate": "2023-04-19",
          "solution": "Upgrade to version 4.5.6 or above.",
          "title": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)",
          "urls": [
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/security/advisories/GHSA-2h87-4q2w-v4hf",
            "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22621",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/pull/15385",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/commit/921d30961d6ba96cc098f2aea197350a49f990bd",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases/tag/v4.5.6",
            "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve",
            "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/",
            "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2h87-4q2w-v4hf"
          ],
          "uuid": "d32058d3-9437-4722-8e45-0cd1ac428972"
        },
        {
          "affected_range": "\u003e=3.0.0 \u003c4.5.6",
          "affected_versions": "All versions starting from 3.0.0 before 4.5.6",
          "cvss_v3": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "cwe_ids": [
            "CWE-1035",
            "CWE-74",
            "CWE-937"
          ],
          "date": "2023-05-01",
          "description": "Strapi through 4.5.5 allows authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the server. A remote attacker with access to the Strapi admin panel can inject a crafted payload that executes code on the server into an email template that bypasses the validation checks that should prevent code execution.",
          "fixed_versions": [],
          "identifier": "CVE-2023-22621",
          "identifiers": [
            "CVE-2023-22621"
          ],
          "not_impacted": "",
          "package_slug": "npm/strapi",
          "pubdate": "2023-04-19",
          "solution": "Unfortunately, there is no solution available yet.",
          "title": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component (\u0027Injection\u0027)",
          "urls": [
            "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22621",
            "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/",
            "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases",
            "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve"
          ],
          "uuid": "6018ab40-450c-4611-92e2-a6246b6d030d"
        }
      ]
    },
    "nvd.nist.gov": {
      "configurations": {
        "CVE_data_version": "4.0",
        "nodes": [
          {
            "children": [],
            "cpe_match": [
              {
                "cpe23Uri": "cpe:2.3:a:strapi:strapi:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                "cpe_name": [],
                "versionEndExcluding": "4.5.6",
                "versionStartIncluding": "3.0.0",
                "vulnerable": true
              }
            ],
            "operator": "OR"
          }
        ]
      },
      "cve": {
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          "ID": "CVE-2023-22621"
        },
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        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Strapi through 4.5.5 allows authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the server. A remote attacker with access to the Strapi admin panel can inject a crafted payload that executes code on the server into an email template that bypasses the validation checks that should prevent code execution."
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
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                {
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        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "tags": [
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              ],
              "url": "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases",
              "refsource": "MISC",
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                "Release Notes"
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            },
            {
              "name": "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve",
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              "tags": [
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              "url": "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "impact": {
        "baseMetricV3": {
          "cvssV3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "exploitabilityScore": 1.2,
          "impactScore": 5.9
        }
      },
      "lastModifiedDate": "2023-05-01T18:09Z",
      "publishedDate": "2023-04-19T16:15Z"
    }
  }
}

CVE-2023-22621 (GCVE-0-2023-22621)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-19 00:00 – Updated: 2025-11-07 17:06

Summary

Severity

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-02-05 16:46 UTC

CWE

n/a
CWE-74 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')

Assigner

mitre mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases
https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/
https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vul…

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T10:13:49.446Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 10,
              "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "CHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-22621",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-02-05T16:46:02.266609Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-74",
                "description": "CWE-74 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component (\u0027Injection\u0027)",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
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            ]
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        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-07T17:06:39.263Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
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        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Strapi through 4.5.5 allows authenticated Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the server. A remote attacker with access to the Strapi admin panel can inject a crafted payload that executes code on the server into an email template that bypasses the validation checks that should prevent code execution."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "n/a",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2023-04-19T00:00:00.000Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases"
        },
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          "url": "https://www.ghostccamm.com/blog/multi_strapi_vulns/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://strapi.io/blog/security-disclosure-of-vulnerabilities-cve"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-22621",
    "datePublished": "2023-04-19T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-01-05T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-07T17:06:39.263Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.