NCSC-2026-0049

Vulnerability from csaf_ncscnl - Published: 2026-02-09 10:39 - Updated: 2026-02-09 10:39
Summary
Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in n8n

Notes

The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this page to enhance access to its information and security advisories. The use of this security advisory is subject to the following terms and conditions: NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this page is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or continuous keeping up-to-date. The information contained in this security advisory is intended solely for the purpose of providing general information to professional users. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein. NCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of this security advisory. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in the advisory. This security advisory is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this advisory will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings.
Feiten
n8n heeft kwetsbaarheden verholpen in versies 1.114.3, 1.115.0, 1.123.17, 2.5.2, 1.122.5, 1.123.2, 1.123.18, 2.5.0, 1.123.10, 2.5.0, 2.2.1, 1.123.9, 1.123.12, 2.4.0, 1.118.0, 2.4.0, 2.4.8, en 1.120.3.
Interpretaties
De kwetsbaarheden omvatten onder andere het gebruik van `Buffer.allocUnsafe()` en `Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow()`, wat kan leiden tot informatie openbaarmaking. Daarnaast zijn er kwetsbaarheden in de expressie-evaluatiefuncties die geauthenticeerde gebruikers in staat stellen om ongewenste systeemcommando's uit te voeren. Er zijn ook Cross-site Scripting (XSS) kwetsbaarheden ontdekt in de webhook-responsverwerking en de markdown-renderingcomponent, die kunnen leiden tot sessieovername. Verder zijn er kwetsbaarheden in de bestandsaccesscontrols en de Git-node, die het mogelijk maken voor geauthenticeerde gebruikers om gevoelige bestanden te lezen en willekeurige commando's uit te voeren. Een andere kwetsbaarheid stelt ongeauthenticeerde aanvallers in staat om workflows te exploiteren die geüploade bestanden via SSH verwerken, wat kan leiden tot remote code execution. Bovendien is er een kwetsbaarheid in de Merge-node's SQL Query-modus, en in de Python Code-node die het mogelijk maakt om de sandbox-omgeving te ontsnappen. Tot slot is er een command injection-kwetsbaarheid in de community package installatie.
Oplossingen
n8n heeft updates uitgebracht om de kwetsbaarheden te verhelpen. Zie bijgevoegde referenties voor meer informatie.
Kans
medium
Schade
high
CWE-20
Improper Input Validation
CWE-22
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-79
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
CWE-80
Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
CWE-200
Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CWE-367
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
CWE-434
Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
CWE-668
Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere
CWE-693
Protection Mechanism Failure
CWE-913
Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
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{
  "document": {
    "category": "csaf_security_advisory",
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    "distribution": {
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    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "The Netherlands Cyber Security Center (henceforth: NCSC-NL) maintains this page to enhance access to its information and security advisories. The use of this security advisory is subject to the following terms and conditions:\n\n    NCSC-NL makes every reasonable effort to ensure that the content of this page is kept up to date, and that it is accurate and complete. Nevertheless, NCSC-NL cannot entirely rule out the possibility of errors, and therefore cannot give any warranty in respect of its completeness, accuracy or continuous keeping up-to-date. The information contained in this security advisory is intended solely for the purpose of providing general information to professional users. No rights can be derived from the information provided therein.\n\n    NCSC-NL and the Kingdom of the Netherlands assume no legal liability or responsibility for any damage resulting from either the use or inability of use of this security advisory. This includes damage resulting from the inaccuracy of incompleteness of the information contained in the advisory.\n    This security advisory is subject to Dutch law. All disputes related to or arising from the use of this advisory will be submitted to the competent court in The Hague. This choice of means also applies to the court in summary proceedings."
      },
      {
        "category": "description",
        "text": "n8n heeft kwetsbaarheden verholpen in versies 1.114.3, 1.115.0, 1.123.17, 2.5.2, 1.122.5, 1.123.2, 1.123.18, 2.5.0, 1.123.10, 2.5.0, 2.2.1, 1.123.9, 1.123.12, 2.4.0, 1.118.0, 2.4.0, 2.4.8, en 1.120.3.",
        "title": "Feiten"
      },
      {
        "category": "description",
        "text": "De kwetsbaarheden omvatten onder andere het gebruik van `Buffer.allocUnsafe()` en `Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow()`, wat kan leiden tot informatie openbaarmaking. Daarnaast zijn er kwetsbaarheden in de expressie-evaluatiefuncties die geauthenticeerde gebruikers in staat stellen om ongewenste systeemcommando\u0027s uit te voeren. Er zijn ook Cross-site Scripting (XSS) kwetsbaarheden ontdekt in de webhook-responsverwerking en de markdown-renderingcomponent, die kunnen leiden tot sessieovername. Verder zijn er kwetsbaarheden in de bestandsaccesscontrols en de Git-node, die het mogelijk maken voor geauthenticeerde gebruikers om gevoelige bestanden te lezen en willekeurige commando\u0027s uit te voeren. Een andere kwetsbaarheid stelt ongeauthenticeerde aanvallers in staat om workflows te exploiteren die ge\u00fcploade bestanden via SSH verwerken, wat kan leiden tot remote code execution. Bovendien is er een kwetsbaarheid in de Merge-node\u0027s SQL Query-modus, en in de Python Code-node die het mogelijk maakt om de sandbox-omgeving te ontsnappen. Tot slot is er een command injection-kwetsbaarheid in de community package installatie.",
        "title": "Interpretaties"
      },
      {
        "category": "description",
        "text": "n8n heeft updates uitgebracht om de kwetsbaarheden te verhelpen. Zie bijgevoegde referenties voor meer informatie.",
        "title": "Oplossingen"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "medium",
        "title": "Kans"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "high",
        "title": "Schade"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Improper Input Validation",
        "title": "CWE-20"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
        "title": "CWE-22"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)",
        "title": "CWE-78"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
        "title": "CWE-79"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)",
        "title": "CWE-80"
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      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor",
        "title": "CWE-200"
      },
      {
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        "text": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
        "title": "CWE-367"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
        "title": "CWE-434"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere",
        "title": "CWE-668"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Protection Mechanism Failure",
        "title": "CWE-693"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources",
        "title": "CWE-913"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "coordinator",
      "contact_details": "cert@ncsc.nl",
      "name": "Nationaal Cyber Security Centrum",
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    "references": [
      {
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        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-49mx-fj45-q3p6"
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        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6cqr-8cfr-67f8"
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        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7c4h-vh2m-743m"
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        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-825q-w924-xhgx"
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        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8398-gmmx-564h"
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        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9g95-qf3f-ggrw"
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        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-gfvg-qv54-r4pc"
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        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm"
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        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-m82q-59gv-mcr9"
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      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Reference",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-qpq4-pw7f-pp8w"
      }
    ],
    "title": "Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in n8n",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-02-09T10:39:40.792744Z",
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      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "other",
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          "text": "Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere",
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        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "n8n\u0027s task runner had a vulnerability allowing untrusted code to allocate uninitialized memory, which has been patched in versions 1.114.3 and 1.115.0 by ensuring zero-filled buffer allocations.",
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        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "Recent updates in n8n versions 1.123.17 and 2.5.2 address a vulnerability allowing authenticated users to execute unintended system commands through expression evaluation exploits.",
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          "category": "general",
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        "name": "Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)"
      },
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        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
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        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in n8n\u0027s webhook response handling, affecting versions prior to 1.123.2, has been patched to prevent authenticated users from executing malicious scripts.",
          "title": "Summary"
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          "url": "https://vulnerabilities.ncsc.nl/csaf/v2/2026/cve-2026-25051.json"
        }
      ],
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            "version": "3.1"
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          "products": [
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      ],
      "title": "CVE-2026-25051"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-25052",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-367",
        "name": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition"
      },
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        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
          "title": "CWE-367"
        },
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A vulnerability in n8n\u0027s file access controls allows authenticated users to read sensitive files, leading to potential account takeovers, but has been patched in versions 1.123.18 and 2.5.0.",
          "title": "Summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
          "title": "CVSSV4"
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      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-1"
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      "references": [
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          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2026-25052 | NCSC-NL Website",
          "url": "https://vulnerabilities.ncsc.nl/csaf/v2/2026/cve-2026-25052.json"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 9.9,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-1"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "CVE-2026-25052"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-25053",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-78",
        "name": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)",
          "title": "CWE-78"
        },
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "Vulnerabilities in the Git node of n8n, an open-source workflow automation platform, allowed authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands or read files, which have been addressed in versions 1.123.10 and 2.5.0.",
          "title": "Summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
          "title": "CVSSV4"
        }
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      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
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      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2026-25053 | NCSC-NL Website",
          "url": "https://vulnerabilities.ncsc.nl/csaf/v2/2026/cve-2026-25053.json"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 9.9,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-1"
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      ],
      "title": "CVE-2026-25053"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-25054",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-79",
        "name": "Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
          "title": "CWE-79"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)",
          "title": "CWE-80"
        },
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "n8n\u0027s markdown rendering component had an XSS vulnerability allowing authenticated users to execute scripts, which has been patched in versions 2.2.1 and 1.123.9.",
          "title": "Summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
          "title": "CVSSV4"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-1"
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      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2026-25054 | NCSC-NL Website",
          "url": "https://vulnerabilities.ncsc.nl/csaf/v2/2026/cve-2026-25054.json"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 5.4,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-1"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "CVE-2026-25054"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-25055",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-22",
        "name": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
          "title": "CWE-22"
        },
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A vulnerability in n8n versions prior to 1.123.12 and 2.4.0 allows unauthenticated attackers to exploit workflows processing uploaded files via SSH, potentially leading to remote code execution.",
          "title": "Summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
          "title": "CVSSV4"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-1"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2026-25055 | NCSC-NL Website",
          "url": "https://vulnerabilities.ncsc.nl/csaf/v2/2026/cve-2026-25055.json"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 8.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-1"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "CVE-2026-25055"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-25056",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-434",
        "name": "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
          "title": "CWE-434"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Protection Mechanism Failure",
          "title": "CWE-693"
        },
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A vulnerability in n8n\u0027s Merge node\u0027s SQL Query mode allowed authenticated users to write arbitrary files to the server, potentially enabling remote code execution, which has been addressed in versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0.",
          "title": "Summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
          "title": "CVSSV4"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-1"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2026-25056 | NCSC-NL Website",
          "url": "https://vulnerabilities.ncsc.nl/csaf/v2/2026/cve-2026-25056.json"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-1"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "CVE-2026-25056"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-25115",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-693",
        "name": "Protection Mechanism Failure"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Protection Mechanism Failure",
          "title": "CWE-693"
        },
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A vulnerability in the Python Code node of n8n allowed authenticated users to escape the sandbox environment, but it has been patched in version 2.4.8.",
          "title": "Summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
          "title": "CVSSV4"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-1"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2026-25115 | NCSC-NL Website",
          "url": "https://vulnerabilities.ncsc.nl/csaf/v2/2026/cve-2026-25115.json"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 9.9,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-1"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "CVE-2026-25115"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-21893",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-20",
        "name": "Improper Input Validation"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Improper Input Validation",
          "title": "CWE-20"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)",
          "title": "CWE-78"
        },
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "n8n\u0027s community package installation had a command injection vulnerability allowing administrative users to execute arbitrary commands, now patched in version 1.120.3 with no reported exploitation.",
          "title": "Summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "title": "CVSSV4"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-1"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2026-21893 | NCSC-NL Website",
          "url": "https://vulnerabilities.ncsc.nl/csaf/v2/2026/cve-2026-21893.json"
        }
      ],
      "title": "CVE-2026-21893"
    }
  ]
}


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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.