Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-444
AllowedInconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.
550 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-8646 (GCVE-0-2026-8646)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 14:44 – Updated: 2026-06-24 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are affected by multiple vulnerabilities
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0 and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling. A remote attacker could smuggle a specially crafted request to the application server thereby allowing the attacker to bypass security controls, spoof identity, escalate privilege, and expose sensitive information.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7276579 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | WebSphere Application Server |
Affected:
9.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.2 Interim Fix 035
(semver)
Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 7.0.3 Interim Fix 017 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| IBM | WebSphere Application Server - Liberty |
Affected:
17.0.0.3 , ≤ 26.0.0.6
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server___liberty:17.0.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server___liberty:26.0.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-8620 (GCVE-0-2026-8620)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-26 17:15 – Updated: 2026-05-27 13:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are affected by multiple vulnerabilities when using when using Web Server Plug-ins
Summary
IBM Web Server Plug-ins for WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Liberty 8.5, 9.0 IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling in the Web Server Plug-ins through a specially crafted request.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7274072 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Web Server Plug-ins for WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Liberty |
Affected:
8.5, 9.0 , ≤ Interim Fix 002
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:web_server_plug_ins_for_websphere_application_server_and_websphere_liberty:8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:web_server_plug_ins_for_websphere_application_server_and_websphere_liberty:8.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-6338 (GCVE-0-2026-6338)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-11 13:47 – Updated: 2026-06-11 14:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP request smuggling in Kong Enteprise Gateway
Summary
A HTTP request smuggling and desynchronization vulnerability affects Kong Gateway Enterprise 3.4, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, and 3.14 series. The vulnerability is caused by a parsing flaw in Kong’s HTTP request processing pipeline when handling untrusted HTTP/1.1 traffic.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent interpretation of HTTP requests ('HTTP Request/Response smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://support.konghq.com/support/s/article/CVE-… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kong | Kong Enterprise Gateway |
Affected:
3.4.0.0 , < 3.4.3.27
(kong enteprise gateway 3.4)
Affected: 3.10.0.0 , < 3.10.0.12 (kong enteprise gateway 3.10) Affected: 3.11.0.0 , < 3.11.0.12 (kong enteprise gateway 3.11) Affected: 3.12.0.0 , < 3.12.0.7 (kong enteprise gateway 3.12) Affected: 3.13.0.0 , < 3.13.0.5 (kong enteprise gateway 3.13) Affected: 3.14.0.0 , < 3.14.0.4 (kong enteprise gateway 3.14) |
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CVE-2026-6324 (GCVE-0-2026-6324)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-29 05:24 – Updated: 2026-05-29 14:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Libsoup: libsoup: http request smuggling via unsigned to signed conversion error
Summary
A flaw was found in libsoup. A remote attacker could exploit an unsigned to signed conversion error in the `soup_body_input_stream_read_chunked()` function by sending a malicious HTTP request. This vulnerability occurs when libsoup operates behind a non-libsoup proxy server or as a proxy in front of a non-libsoup backend server. Successful exploitation can allow an attacker to bypass security controls, poison web caches, or gain unauthorized access.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-6324 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458479 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/issues/508 | |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/work_items/508 | exploit |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
Date Public
2026-01-27 00:00
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CVE-2026-4742 (GCVE-0-2026-4742)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-24 03:24 – Updated: 2026-03-24 14:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP Request Smuggling in visualfc/liteide
Summary
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') vulnerability in visualfc liteide (liteidex/src/3rdparty/qjsonrpc/src/http-parser modules). This vulnerability is associated with program files http_parser.C.
This issue affects liteide: before x38.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/visualfc/liteide/pull/1325 | patch |
Credits
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CVE-2026-2862 (GCVE-0-2026-2862)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 20:41 – Updated: 2026-04-02 14:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Security Vulnerabilities have been found in IBM Verify Identity Access and IBM Security Verify Access
Summary
IBM Verify Identity Access Container 11.0 through 11.0.2 and IBM Security Verify Access Container 10.0 through 10.0.9.1 and IBM Verify Identity Access 11.0 through 11.0.2 and IBM Security Verify Access 10.0 through 10.0.9.1 IBM Security Verify could allow a remote attacker to access sensitive information due to an inconsistent interpretation of an HTTP request by a reverse proxy.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7268253 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Verify Identity Access Container |
Affected:
11.0 , ≤ 11.0.2
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access_container:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access_container:11.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access_container:11.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| IBM | Security Verify Access Container |
Affected:
10.0 , ≤ 10.0.9.1
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:security_verify_access_container:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:security_verify_access_container:10.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:security_verify_access_container:10.0.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| IBM | Verify Identity Access |
Affected:
11.0 , ≤ 11.0.2
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access:11.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access:11.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| IBM | Security Verify Access |
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CVE-2026-2835 (GCVE-0-2026-2835)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-04 23:32 – Updated: 2026-03-06 18:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP Request Smuggling via HTTP/1.0 and Transfer-Encoding Misparsing
Summary
An HTTP Request Smuggling vulnerability (CWE-444) has been found in Pingora's parsing of HTTP/1.0 and Transfer-Encoding requests. The issue occurs due to improperly allowing HTTP/1.0 request bodies to be close-delimited and incorrect handling of multiple Transfer-Encoding values, allowing attackers to send HTTP/1.0 requests in a way that would desync Pingora’s request framing from backend servers’.
Impact
This vulnerability primarily affects standalone Pingora deployments in front of certain backends that accept HTTP/1.0 requests. An attacker could craft a malicious payload following this request that Pingora forwards to the backend in order to:
* Bypass proxy-level ACL controls and WAF logic
* Poison caches and upstream connections, causing subsequent requests from legitimate users to receive responses intended for smuggled requests
* Perform cross-user attacks by hijacking sessions or smuggling requests that appear to originate from the trusted proxy IP
Cloudflare's CDN infrastructure was not affected by this vulnerability, as its ingress proxy layers forwarded HTTP/1.1 requests only, rejected ambiguous framing such as invalid Content-Length values, and forwarded a single Transfer-Encoding: chunked header for chunked requests.
Mitigation:
Pingora users should upgrade to Pingora v0.8.0 or higher that fixes this issue by correctly parsing message length headers per RFC 9112 and strictly adhering to more RFC guidelines, including that HTTP request bodies are never close-delimited.
As a workaround, users can reject certain requests with an error in the request filter logic in order to stop processing bytes on the connection and disable downstream connection reuse. The user should reject any non-HTTP/1.1 request, or a request that has invalid Content-Length, multiple Transfer-Encoding headers, or Transfer-Encoding header that is not an exact “chunked” string match.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cloudflare | https://github.com/cloudflare/pingora |
Affected:
0 , < 0.8.0
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-2833 (GCVE-0-2026-2833)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-04 23:20 – Updated: 2026-03-06 18:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP Request Smuggling via Premature Upgrade
Summary
An HTTP request smuggling vulnerability (CWE-444) was found in Pingora's handling of HTTP/1.1 connection upgrades. The issue occurs when a Pingora proxy reads a request containing an Upgrade header, causing the proxy to pass through the rest of the bytes on the connection to a backend before the backend has accepted the upgrade. An attacker can thus directly forward a malicious payload after a request with an Upgrade header to that backend in a way that may be interpreted as a subsequent request header, bypassing proxy-level security controls and enabling cross-user session hijacking.
Impact
This vulnerability primarily affects standalone Pingora deployments where a Pingora proxy is exposed to external traffic. An attacker could exploit this to:
* Bypass proxy-level ACL controls and WAF logic
* Poison caches and upstream connections, causing subsequent requests from legitimate users to receive responses intended for smuggled requests
* Perform cross-user attacks by hijacking sessions or smuggling requests that appear to originate from the trusted proxy IP
Cloudflare's CDN infrastructure was not affected by this vulnerability, as ingress proxies in the CDN stack maintain proper HTTP parsing boundaries and do not prematurely switch to upgraded connection forwarding mode.
Mitigation:
Pingora users should upgrade to Pingora v0.8.0 or higher
As a workaround, users may return an error on requests with the Upgrade header present in their request filter logic in order to stop processing bytes beyond the request header and disable downstream connection reuse.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cloudflare | https://github.com/cloudflare/pingora |
Affected:
0 , < 0.8.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-2708 (GCVE-0-2026-2708)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-23 21:51 – Updated: 2026-04-24 14:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Libsoup: libsoup: http request smuggling via duplicate content-length headers
Summary
A request smuggling vulnerability exists in libsoup's HTTP/1 header parsing logic. The soup_message_headers_append_common() function in libsoup/soup-message-headers.c unconditionally appends each header value without validating for duplicate or conflicting Content-Length fields. This allows an attacker to send HTTP requests containing multiple Content-Length headers with differing values.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-2708 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2440743 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/issues/500 | |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/merge_re… |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
Date Public
2026-02-18 20:13
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CVE-2026-2332 (GCVE-0-2026-2332)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-14 10:59 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP Request Smuggling via Chunked Extension Quoted-String Parsing
Summary
In Eclipse Jetty, the HTTP/1.1 parser is vulnerable to request smuggling when chunk extensions are used, similar to the "funky chunks" techniques outlined here:
* https://w4ke.info/2025/06/18/funky-chunks.html
* https://w4ke.info/2025/10/29/funky-chunks-2.html
Jetty terminates chunk extension parsing at \r\n inside quoted strings instead of treating this as an error.
POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
1;ext="val
X
0
GET /smuggled HTTP/1.1
...
Note how the chunk extension does not close the double quotes, and it is able to inject a smuggled request.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
12 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/security/a… | third-party-advisory |
| https://gitlab.eclipse.org/security/cve-assignmen… | issue-tracking |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-2332 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458187 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20568 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25089 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14272 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:22453 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21773 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:10175 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17668 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
27 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eclipse Foundation | Eclipse Jetty |
Affected:
12.1.0 , ≤ 12.1.6
(semver)
Affected: 12.0.0 , ≤ 12.0.32 (semver) Affected: 11.0.0 , ≤ 11.0.27 (semver) Affected: 10.0.0 , ≤ 10.0.27 (semver) Affected: 9.4.0 , ≤ 9.4.59 (semver) |
|
| Red Hat | HawtIO HawtIO 4.4.0 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat AMQ Broker 7.13.5 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_broker:7.13 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.18.1 for Spring Boot 3.5.14 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_spring_boot:4.18 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Apache Camel 4.18 for Quarkus 3.33 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_quarkus:3.33 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:8.2.0-19.el9_8.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::crb |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Offline Knowledge Portal 1.2.7 |
Unaffected:
1779996999 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:offline_knowledge_portal:1.2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1776716842 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1776717247 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Developer Tools and Services |
cpe:/a:redhat:ocp_tools |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_broker:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_registry:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apicurio_registry:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Debezium 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Debezium 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Data Grid 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_data_grid:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3 |
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Mitigation
Implementation
Use a web server that employs a strict HTTP parsing procedure, such as Apache [REF-433].
Mitigation
Implementation
Use only SSL communication.
Mitigation
Implementation
Terminate the client session after each request.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Turn all pages to non-cacheable.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-33: HTTP Request Smuggling
An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages using various HTTP headers, request-line and body parameters as well as message sizes (denoted by the end of message signaled by a given HTTP header) by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to secretly send unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.