Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5817 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-10964 (GCVE-0-2025-10964)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 19:32 – Updated: 2025-09-26 17:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wavlink NU516U1 firewall.cgi sub_401B30 command injection
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Wavlink NU516U1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function sub_401B30 of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi. This manipulation of the argument remoteManagementEnabled causes command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-26 17:38 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325832 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325832 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.652785 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | related |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | exploit |
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CVE-2025-10963 (GCVE-0-2025-10963)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 19:02 – Updated: 2025-09-25 19:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wavlink NU516U1 firewall.cgi sub_4016F0 command injection
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Affected is the function sub_4016F0 of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi. The manipulation of the argument del_flag results in command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-25 19:24 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325831 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325831 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.652784 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | related |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | exploit |
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CVE-2025-10962 (GCVE-0-2025-10962)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 18:32 – Updated: 2025-09-25 18:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wavlink NU516U1 SetName wireless.cgi sub_403198 command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. This impacts the function sub_403198 of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi of the component SetName Page. The manipulation of the argument mac_5g leads to command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-25 18:56 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325830 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325830 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.652782 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | related |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | exploit |
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CVE-2025-10961 (GCVE-0-2025-10961)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 18:02 – Updated: 2025-09-25 19:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wavlink NU516U1 Delete_Mac_list wireless.cgi sub_4030C0 command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. This affects the function sub_4030C0 of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi of the component Delete_Mac_list Page. Executing manipulation of the argument delete_list can lead to command injection. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-25 19:01 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325829 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325829 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.652781 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | related |
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CVE-2025-10960 (GCVE-0-2025-10960)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 18:02 – Updated: 2025-09-25 18:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wavlink NU516U1 DeleteMac wireless.cgi sub_402D1C command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. The impacted element is the function sub_402D1C of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi of the component DeleteMac Page. Performing manipulation of the argument delete_list results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-25 18:39 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325828 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325828 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.652780 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | related |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | exploit |
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CVE-2025-10959 (GCVE-0-2025-10959)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 17:32 – Updated: 2025-09-25 18:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wavlink NU516U1 firewall.cgi sub_401778 command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. The affected element is the function sub_401778 of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument dmz_flag leads to command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-25 18:02 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325827 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325827 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.652769 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | related |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | exploit |
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CVE-2025-10958 (GCVE-0-2025-10958)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-25 17:32 – Updated: 2025-09-25 18:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wavlink NU516U1 AddMac wireless.cgi sub_403010 command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Impacted is the function sub_403010 of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi of the component AddMac Page. This manipulation of the argument macAddr causes command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-25 18:02 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325826 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325826 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.652768 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | related |
| https://github.com/panda666-888/vuls/blob/main/wa… | exploit |
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CVE-2025-10814 (GCVE-0-2025-10814)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-22 20:32 – Updated: 2025-09-23 20:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
D-Link DIR-823X goahead command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in D-Link DIR-823X 240126/240802/250416. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /usr/sbin/goahead. This manipulation of the argument port causes command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-23 20:13 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325172 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325172 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.654452 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/W1ngyu/cve/blob/main/DIink-DIR… | exploit |
| https://www.dlink.com/ | product |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-10775 (GCVE-0-2025-10775)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-22 01:02 – Updated: 2025-09-22 16:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wavlink WL-NU516U1 login.cgi sub_4012A0 os command injection
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in Wavlink WL-NU516U1 240425. This vulnerability affects the function sub_4012A0 of the file /cgi-bin/login.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument ipaddr leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-22 16:12 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325131 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325131 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.650641 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/swwer7000/iot | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wavlink | WL-NU516U1 |
Affected:
240425
|
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CVE-2025-10774 (GCVE-0-2025-10774)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-22 00:32 – Updated: 2025-09-23 13:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Ruijie 6000-E10 sub_commit.php os command injection
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Ruijie 6000-E10 up to 2.4.3.6-20171117. This affects an unknown part of the file /view/vpn/autovpn/sub_commit.php. This manipulation of the argument key causes os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-23 13:51 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.325130 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325130 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.649968 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/maximdevere/CVE2/issues/1 | exploitissue-tracking |
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"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-78",
"description": "OS Command Injection",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-77",
"description": "Command Injection",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-22T00:32:08.224Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-325130 | Ruijie 6000-E10 sub_commit.php os command injection",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.325130"
},
{
"name": "VDB-325130 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325130"
},
{
"name": "Submit #649968 | Ruijie 6000-E10 Unified Internet Access Management and Auditing System 6000-E10 command execution",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.649968"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit",
"issue-tracking"
],
"url": "https://github.com/maximdevere/CVE2/issues/1"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-09-21T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-09-21T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-09-21T10:47:08.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "Ruijie 6000-E10 sub_commit.php os command injection"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-10774",
"datePublished": "2025-09-22T00:32:08.224Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-09-21T08:28:44.757Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-23T13:51:55.178Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.