Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-77

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

5416 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-2FHV-6V4J-H4QX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-08 03:30 – Updated: 2026-02-08 03:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was identified in XixianLiang HarmonyOS-mcp-server 0.1.0. This vulnerability affects the function input_text. The manipulation of the argument text leads to os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-2131"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-08T03:15:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was identified in XixianLiang HarmonyOS-mcp-server 0.1.0. This vulnerability affects the function input_text. The manipulation of the argument text leads to os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-2fhv-6v4j-h4qx",
  "modified": "2026-02-08T03:30:27Z",
  "published": "2026-02-08T03:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2131"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/scanleale/MCP_sec/blob/main/HarmonyOS-mcp-server%20RCE%20vulnerability.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.344766"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.344766"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.747209"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2FPJ-H75C-C5VR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-11 06:31 – Updated: 2026-05-11 06:31
VLAI
Details

A weakness has been identified in Tenda AC6 15.03.06.23. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formWifiApScan of the file /goform/WifiApScan of the component httpd. Executing a manipulation of the argument wl2g.public.country/wl5g.public.country can lead to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-8264"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-11T04:16:17Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A weakness has been identified in Tenda AC6 15.03.06.23. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formWifiApScan of the file /goform/WifiApScan of the component httpd. Executing a manipulation of the argument wl2g.public.country/wl5g.public.country can lead to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.",
  "id": "GHSA-2fpj-h75c-c5vr",
  "modified": "2026-05-11T06:31:32Z",
  "published": "2026-05-11T06:31:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8264"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dxz0069/WAVLINK-WN530H4-Command-Injection-in-set_add_routing/blob/main/Tenda%20AC6V2%20formWifiApScan%20Command%20Injection%20via%20country%20parameter.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/810075"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362561"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/362561/cti"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2FQC-3XM7-XMJV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-30 21:33 – Updated: 2024-09-10 00:30
VLAI
Details

tinyfiledialogs (aka tiny file dialogs) before 3.15.0 allows shell metacharacters (such as a backquote or a dollar sign) in titles, messages, and other input data. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2020-36767, which only considered single and double quote characters.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-47104"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-30T19:15:08Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "tinyfiledialogs (aka tiny file dialogs) before 3.15.0 allows shell metacharacters (such as a backquote or a dollar sign) in titles, messages, and other input data. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2020-36767, which only considered single and double quote characters.",
  "id": "GHSA-2fqc-3xm7-xmjv",
  "modified": "2024-09-10T00:30:48Z",
  "published": "2023-10-30T21:33:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47104"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/servo/servo/issues/25498#issuecomment-703527082"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/tinyfiledialogs/code/ci/ac9f9f6d8cdf45ca8d9b4cf1f201ee472301e114"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2FVF-FG52-PWRV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-11 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:35
VLAI
Details

An issue in NETIS SYSTEMS WF2409E v.3.6.42541 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the ping and traceroute functions of the diagnostic tools component in the admin management interface.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-38829"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-11T19:15:42Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue in NETIS SYSTEMS WF2409E v.3.6.42541 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the ping and traceroute functions of the diagnostic tools component in the admin management interface.",
  "id": "GHSA-2fvf-fg52-pwrv",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:35:50Z",
  "published": "2023-09-11T21:30:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38829"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/adhikara13/CVE-2023-38829-NETIS-WF2409E"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2FXP-C929-3RX4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:22 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:52
VLAI
Details

Endian Firewall before 3.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the (1) NEW_PASSWORD_1 or (2) NEW_PASSWORD_2 parameter to cgi-bin/chpasswd.cgi.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-5082"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-09-28T15:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Endian Firewall before 3.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the (1) NEW_PASSWORD_1 or (2) NEW_PASSWORD_2 parameter to cgi-bin/chpasswd.cgi.",
  "id": "GHSA-2fxp-c929-3rx4",
  "modified": "2025-04-12T12:52:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:22:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5082"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/37426"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/37428"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/38096"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/133469/Endian-Firewall-Proxy-Password-Change-Command-Injection.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/linux/http/efw_chpasswd_exec"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2G7V-HGHF-GRG4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-08 03:30 – Updated: 2026-02-10 00:22
VLAI
Summary
mcp-maigret vulnerable to command injection
Details

A vulnerability was determined in BurtTheCoder mcp-maigret up to 1.0.12. This affects an unknown part of the file src/index.ts of the component search_username. Executing a manipulation of the argument Username can lead to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.13 is able to mitigate this issue. This patch is called b1ae073c4b3e789ab8de36dc6ca8111ae9399e7a. Upgrading the affected component is advised.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "mcp-maigret"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.13"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-2130"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-74",
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-10T00:22:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-08T03:15:46Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was determined in BurtTheCoder mcp-maigret up to 1.0.12. This affects an unknown part of the file src/index.ts of the component search_username. Executing a manipulation of the argument Username can lead to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.13 is able to mitigate this issue. This patch is called b1ae073c4b3e789ab8de36dc6ca8111ae9399e7a. Upgrading the affected component is advised.",
  "id": "GHSA-2g7v-hghf-grg4",
  "modified": "2026-02-10T00:22:25Z",
  "published": "2026-02-08T03:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2130"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BurtTheCoder/mcp-maigret/issues/9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BurtTheCoder/mcp-maigret/pull/10"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BurtTheCoder/mcp-maigret/commit/b1ae073c4b3e789ab8de36dc6ca8111ae9399e7a"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/BurtTheCoder/mcp-maigret"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BurtTheCoder/mcp-maigret/releases/tag/v1.0.13"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.344765"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.344765"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.747171"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "mcp-maigret vulnerable to command injection"
}

GHSA-2GC3-8H7P-8J99

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-08 00:00 – Updated: 2022-10-11 19:00
VLAI
Details

An authenticated command injection vulnerability exists in the Aruba InstantOS and ArubaOS 10 command line interface. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in the ability to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user on the underlying operating system of Aruba InstantOS 6.4.x: 6.4.4.8-4.2.4.20 and below; Aruba InstantOS 6.5.x: 6.5.4.23 and below; Aruba InstantOS 8.6.x: 8.6.0.18 and below; Aruba InstantOS 8.7.x: 8.7.1.9 and below; Aruba InstantOS 8.10.x: 8.10.0.1 and below; ArubaOS 10.3.x: 10.3.1.0 and below; Aruba has released upgrades for Aruba InstantOS that address this security vulnerability.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-37893"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-07T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An authenticated command injection vulnerability exists in the Aruba InstantOS and ArubaOS 10 command line interface. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in the ability to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user on the underlying operating system of Aruba InstantOS 6.4.x: 6.4.4.8-4.2.4.20 and below; Aruba InstantOS 6.5.x: 6.5.4.23 and below; Aruba InstantOS 8.6.x: 8.6.0.18 and below; Aruba InstantOS 8.7.x: 8.7.1.9 and below; Aruba InstantOS 8.10.x: 8.10.0.1 and below; ArubaOS 10.3.x: 10.3.1.0 and below; Aruba has released upgrades for Aruba InstantOS that address this security vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-2gc3-8h7p-8j99",
  "modified": "2022-10-11T19:00:27Z",
  "published": "2022-10-08T00:00:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37893"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-506569.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-014.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2GGP-CMVM-F62F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-09 14:41 – Updated: 2023-08-09 14:41
VLAI
Summary
ScanCode.io command injection in docker image fetch process
Details

Command Injection in docker fetch process

Summary

A possible command injection in the docker fetch process as it allows to append malicious commands in the docker_reference parameter.

Details

In the function scanpipe/pipes/fetch.py:fetch_docker_image[1] the parameter docker_reference is user controllable. The docker_reference variable is then passed to the vulnerable function get_docker_image_platform. 

def fetch_docker_image(docker_reference, to=None):
    """
    code snipped ....
    """
    platform_args = []
    platform = get_docker_image_platform(docker_reference) # User controlled `docker_reference` passed
   """
   code snipped...
   """

However, the get_docker_image_plaform function constructs a shell command with the passed docker_reference. The pipes.run_command then executes the shell command without any prior sanitization, making the function vulnerable to command injections. 

def get_docker_image_platform(docker_reference):
    """
    Return a platform mapping of a docker reference.
    If there are more than one, return the first one by default.
    """
    skopeo_executable = _get_skopeo_location()
    """
    Constructing a shell command with user controlled variable `docker_reference`
    """
    cmd = (
        f"{skopeo_executable} inspect --insecure-policy --raw --no-creds "
        f"{docker_reference}"
    )

    logger.info(f"Fetching image os/arch data: {cmd}")
    exitcode, output = pipes.run_command(cmd) # Executing command
    logger.info(output)
    if exitcode != 0:
        raise FetchDockerImageError(output)

A malicious user who is able to create or add inputs to a project can inject commands. Although the command injections are blind and the user will not receive direct feedback without logs, it is still possible to cause damage to the server/container. The vulnerability appears for example if a malicious user adds a semicolon after the input of docker://;, it would allow appending malicious commands.

PoC

  1. Create a new project with following input docker://;echo${IFS}"PoC"${IFS}&&cat${IFS}/etc/passwd in the filed Download URLs image

  2. Check docker logs to see the command execution image

curl -i -s -k -X $'POST' \
    -H $'Host: localhost' -H $'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:109.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/110.0' -H $'Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8' -H $'Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5' -H $'Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate' -H $'Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------2742275543734015476190112060' -H $'Content-Length: 923' -H $'Origin: http://localhost' -H $'DNT: 1' -H $'Connection: close' -H $'Referer: http://localhost/project/add/' -H $'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1' -H $'Sec-Fetch-Dest: document' -H $'Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate' -H $'Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin' -H $'Sec-Fetch-User: ?1' \
    -b $'csrftoken=7H2chgA7jPHnXK0NNPftIoCW9z8SabKR' \
    --data-binary $'-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"csrfmiddlewaretoken\"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0ayslGuNnvWloFUEUCWI5VlMuZ60ZDDSkFvZdIBTNs50VSHeKfznaeT0WL5pXlDTUm\x0d\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"name\"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0apoc\x0d\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"input_files\"; filename=\"\"\x0d\x0aContent-Type: application/octet-stream\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"input_urls\"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0adocker://;echo${IFS}\"PoC\"${IFS}&&cat${IFS}/etc/passwd\x0d\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"pipeline\"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"execute_now\"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aon\x0d\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060--\x0d\x0a' \
    $'http://localhost/project/add/'

Mitigations The docker_reference input should be sanitized to avoid command injections and it is not recommend to create commands with user controlled input directly.

Tested on: - Commit: Latest commit [bda3a70e0b8cd95433928db1fd4b23051bc7b7eb] - OS: Ubuntu Linux Kernel 5.19.0

References [1] https://github.com/nexB/scancode.io/blob/main/scanpipe/pipes/fetch.py#L185

Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 32.5.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "scancodeio"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "32.5.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39523"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-09T14:41:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-07T21:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Command Injection in docker fetch process\n\n### Summary\nA possible command injection in the docker fetch process as it allows to append malicious commands in the docker_reference parameter.\n\n\n### Details\nIn the function `scanpipe/pipes/fetch.py:fetch_docker_image`[1] the parameter `docker_reference` is user controllable. The `docker_reference` variable is then passed to the vulnerable function `get_docker_image_platform`. \n```python\ndef fetch_docker_image(docker_reference, to=None):\n    \"\"\"\n    code snipped ....\n    \"\"\"\n    platform_args = []\n    platform = get_docker_image_platform(docker_reference) # User controlled `docker_reference` passed\n   \"\"\"\n   code snipped...\n   \"\"\"\n```\n\nHowever, the `get_docker_image_plaform` function constructs a shell command with the passed `docker_reference`. The `pipes.run_command` then executes the shell command without any prior sanitization, making the function vulnerable to command injections. \n\n```python\ndef get_docker_image_platform(docker_reference):\n    \"\"\"\n    Return a platform mapping of a docker reference.\n    If there are more than one, return the first one by default.\n    \"\"\"\n    skopeo_executable = _get_skopeo_location()\n    \"\"\"\n    Constructing a shell command with user controlled variable `docker_reference`\n    \"\"\"\n    cmd = (\n        f\"{skopeo_executable} inspect --insecure-policy --raw --no-creds \"\n        f\"{docker_reference}\"\n    )\n\n    logger.info(f\"Fetching image os/arch data: {cmd}\")\n    exitcode, output = pipes.run_command(cmd) # Executing command\n    logger.info(output)\n    if exitcode != 0:\n        raise FetchDockerImageError(output)\n``` \n\nA malicious user who is able to create or add inputs to a project can inject commands. Although the command injections are blind and the user will not receive direct feedback without logs, it is still possible to cause damage to the server/container. The vulnerability appears for example if a malicious user adds a semicolon after the input of `docker://;`, it would allow appending malicious commands.\n\n### PoC\n\n1. Create a new project with following input `docker://;echo${IFS}\"PoC\"${IFS}\u0026\u0026cat${IFS}/etc/passwd` in the filed Download URLs\n![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/122313513/258454691-7cabe100-f82d-44b9-99f2-5d6a0949e6c4.png)\n\n2. Check docker logs to see the command execution\n![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/122313513/258455082-d7590b16-6fcb-4041-949f-2e20959db713.png)\n\n```bash\ncurl -i -s -k -X $\u0027POST\u0027 \\\n    -H $\u0027Host: localhost\u0027 -H $\u0027User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:109.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/110.0\u0027 -H $\u0027Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\u0027 -H $\u0027Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5\u0027 -H $\u0027Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate\u0027 -H $\u0027Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\u0027 -H $\u0027Content-Length: 923\u0027 -H $\u0027Origin: http://localhost\u0027 -H $\u0027DNT: 1\u0027 -H $\u0027Connection: close\u0027 -H $\u0027Referer: http://localhost/project/add/\u0027 -H $\u0027Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1\u0027 -H $\u0027Sec-Fetch-Dest: document\u0027 -H $\u0027Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate\u0027 -H $\u0027Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin\u0027 -H $\u0027Sec-Fetch-User: ?1\u0027 \\\n    -b $\u0027csrftoken=7H2chgA7jPHnXK0NNPftIoCW9z8SabKR\u0027 \\\n    --data-binary $\u0027-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\\x0d\\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\\\"csrfmiddlewaretoken\\\"\\x0d\\x0a\\x0d\\x0ayslGuNnvWloFUEUCWI5VlMuZ60ZDDSkFvZdIBTNs50VSHeKfznaeT0WL5pXlDTUm\\x0d\\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\\x0d\\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\\\"name\\\"\\x0d\\x0a\\x0d\\x0apoc\\x0d\\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\\x0d\\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\\\"input_files\\\"; filename=\\\"\\\"\\x0d\\x0aContent-Type: application/octet-stream\\x0d\\x0a\\x0d\\x0a\\x0d\\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\\x0d\\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\\\"input_urls\\\"\\x0d\\x0a\\x0d\\x0adocker://;echo${IFS}\\\"PoC\\\"${IFS}\u0026\u0026cat${IFS}/etc/passwd\\x0d\\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\\x0d\\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\\\"pipeline\\\"\\x0d\\x0a\\x0d\\x0a\\x0d\\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060\\x0d\\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\\\"execute_now\\\"\\x0d\\x0a\\x0d\\x0aon\\x0d\\x0a-----------------------------2742275543734015476190112060--\\x0d\\x0a\u0027 \\\n    $\u0027http://localhost/project/add/\u0027\n```\n\n**Mitigations**\nThe `docker_reference` input should be sanitized to avoid command injections and it is not recommend to create commands with user controlled input directly. \n\n\n**Tested on:**\n- Commit: Latest commit [bda3a70e0b8cd95433928db1fd4b23051bc7b7eb]\n- OS: Ubuntu Linux Kernel 5.19.0\n\n**References**\n[1] https://github.com/nexB/scancode.io/blob/main/scanpipe/pipes/fetch.py#L185\n",
  "id": "GHSA-2ggp-cmvm-f62f",
  "modified": "2023-08-09T14:41:23Z",
  "published": "2023-08-09T14:41:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nexB/scancode.io/security/advisories/GHSA-2ggp-cmvm-f62f"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39523"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nexB/scancode.io/commit/07ec0de1964b14bf085a1c9a27ece2b61ab6105c"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nexB/scancode.io"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nexB/scancode.io/blob/main/scanpipe/pipes/fetch.py#L185"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nexB/scancode.io/releases/tag/v32.5.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ScanCode.io command injection in docker image fetch process"
}

GHSA-2GM8-JJ36-C9VW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-22 00:00 – Updated: 2022-01-05 00:02
VLAI
Details

Mesa Labs AmegaView Versions 3.0 and prior has a command injection vulnerability that can be exploited to execute commands in the web server.

Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-27449"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-21T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Mesa Labs AmegaView Versions 3.0 and prior has a command injection vulnerability that can be exploited to execute commands in the web server.",
  "id": "GHSA-2gm8-jj36-c9vw",
  "modified": "2022-01-05T00:02:05Z",
  "published": "2021-12-22T00:00:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27449"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-147-03"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2GV4-4PQX-R2H9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2022-10-25 19:00
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the Cisco ATA 190 Series Analog Telephone Adapter Software could allow an attacker to perform a command injection attack resulting in remote code execution or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-34710"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-10-06T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the Cisco ATA 190 Series Analog Telephone Adapter Software could allow an attacker to perform a command injection attack resulting in remote code execution or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.",
  "id": "GHSA-2gv4-4pqx-r2h9",
  "modified": "2022-10-25T19:00:34Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:16:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34710"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ata19x-multivuln-A4J57F3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.

Mitigation
Implementation

If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation

Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.

CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection

An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection

An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.

CAPEC-248: Command Injection

An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.

CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices

This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

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