CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5381 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CX7V-5XWM-4MQW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-06 12:31 – Updated: 2026-06-06 12:31A vulnerability was identified in vertex-app vertex up to 2026.02.12. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file app/model/LogMod.js of the component Log Viewer Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument req.query leads to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The name of the patch is 805d82e7100d49b79b3beb1b9420e8e458987198. It is best practice to apply a patch to resolve this issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-11408"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-06T11:16:48Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was identified in vertex-app vertex up to 2026.02.12. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file app/model/LogMod.js of the component Log Viewer Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument req.query leads to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The name of the patch is 805d82e7100d49b79b3beb1b9420e8e458987198. It is best practice to apply a patch to resolve this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-cx7v-5xwm-4mqw",
"modified": "2026-06-06T12:31:37Z",
"published": "2026-06-06T12:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11408"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vertex-app/vertex/commit/805d82e7100d49b79b3beb1b9420e8e458987198"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1DO-kB1eUoB1CksJ_ZKzpUaX0kp5Rgm_T?usp=sharing"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/menelausx/e632faba4014474fcef6a1f541ca3e4e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vertex-app/vertex"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-11408"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/818442"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/368967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/368967/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CX84-R7H4-7PFJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:00 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:36Aruba Instant 4.x prior to 6.4.4.8-4.2.4.12, 6.5.x prior to 6.5.4.11, 8.3.x prior to 8.3.0.6, and 8.4.x prior to 8.4.0.1 allows Command injection.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16417"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-30T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Aruba Instant 4.x prior to 6.4.4.8-4.2.4.12, 6.5.x prior to 6.5.4.11, 8.3.x prior to 8.3.0.6, and 8.4.x prior to 8.4.0.1 allows Command injection.",
"id": "GHSA-cx84-r7h4-7pfj",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:36:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:00:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16417"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-549547.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.anquanke.com/vul/id/1652568"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2019-001.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/ICSA-19-134-07"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108374"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CX86-4PQP-3JJX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-06 21:31A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. Impacted is the function CsteSystem of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Performing a manipulation of the argument resetFlags results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-5677"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-06T19:16:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. Impacted is the function CsteSystem of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Performing a manipulation of the argument resetFlags results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-cx86-4pqp-3jjx",
"modified": "2026-04-06T21:31:34Z",
"published": "2026-04-06T21:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5677"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Litengzheng/vuldb_new/blob/main/A7100RU/vul_184/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/792606"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/355504"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/355504/cti"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CXFQ-CC8J-J2PP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-17 21:30 – Updated: 2023-01-25 06:31Improper sanitization of branch names in GitLab Runner affecting all versions prior to 15.3.5, 15.4 prior to 15.4.4, and 15.5 prior to 15.5.2 allows a user who creates a branch with a specially crafted name and gets another user to trigger a pipeline to execute commands in the runner as that other user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-17T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper sanitization of branch names in GitLab Runner affecting all versions prior to 15.3.5, 15.4 prior to 15.4.4, and 15.5 prior to 15.5.2 allows a user who creates a branch with a specially crafted name and gets another user to trigger a pipeline to execute commands in the runner as that other user.",
"id": "GHSA-cxfq-cc8j-j2pp",
"modified": "2023-01-25T06:31:06Z",
"published": "2023-01-17T21:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1063511"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2022/CVE-2022-2251.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/-/issues/27386"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CXG5-F3GR-66X2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-27 00:00 – Updated: 2022-01-06 00:00Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an unauthenticated attacker. This affects D7000v2 before 1.0.0.66, D8500 before 1.0.3.58, R7000 before 1.0.11.110, R7100LG before 1.0.0.72, R7900 before 1.0.4.30, R8000 before 1.0.4.62, XR300 before 1.0.3.56, R7000P before 1.3.2.132, R8500 before 1.0.2.144, R6900P before 1.3.2.132, and R8300 before 1.0.2.144.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45624"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-26T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an unauthenticated attacker. This affects D7000v2 before 1.0.0.66, D8500 before 1.0.3.58, R7000 before 1.0.11.110, R7100LG before 1.0.0.72, R7900 before 1.0.4.30, R8000 before 1.0.4.62, XR300 before 1.0.3.56, R7000P before 1.3.2.132, R8500 before 1.0.2.144, R6900P before 1.3.2.132, and R8300 before 1.0.2.144.",
"id": "GHSA-cxg5-f3gr-66x2",
"modified": "2022-01-06T00:00:54Z",
"published": "2021-12-27T00:00:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45624"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000064485/Security-Advisory-for-Pre-Authentication-Command-Injection-on-Some-Routers-PSV-2020-0298"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CXGF-V2P8-7PH7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-30 04:29 – Updated: 2022-09-30 04:29Impact
In all the versions of NuProcess where it forks processes by using the JVM's Java_java_lang_UNIXProcess_forkAndExec method (1.2.0+), attackers can use NUL characters in their strings to perform command line injection. Java's ProcessBuilder isn't vulnerable because of a check in ProcessBuilder.start. NuProcess is missing that check.
This vulnerability can only be exploited to inject command line arguments on Linux. - On macOS, any argument with a NUL character is truncated at that character. This means the malicious arguments are never seen by the started process. - On Windows, the entire command line is truncated at the first NUL character. This means the malicious arguments, and any intentional arguments provided after them, are never seen by the started process.
Patches
2.0.5
Workarounds
Users of the library can sanitize command strings to remove NUL characters prior to passing them to NuProcess for execution.
References
None.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.zaxxer:nuprocess"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39243"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-30T04:29:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-26T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nIn all the versions of NuProcess where it forks processes by using the JVM\u0027s Java_java_lang_UNIXProcess_forkAndExec method (1.2.0+), attackers can use NUL characters in their strings to perform command line injection. Java\u0027s ProcessBuilder isn\u0027t vulnerable because of a check in ProcessBuilder.start. NuProcess is missing that check.\n\nThis vulnerability can only be exploited to inject command line arguments on Linux.\n- On macOS, any argument with a NUL character is truncated at that character. This means the malicious arguments are never seen by the started process.\n- On Windows, the entire command line is truncated at the first NUL character. This means the malicious arguments, and any intentional arguments provided after them, are never seen by the started process.\n\n### Patches\n2.0.5\n\n### Workarounds\nUsers of the library can sanitize command strings to remove NUL characters prior to passing them to NuProcess for execution.\n\n### References\nNone.\n",
"id": "GHSA-cxgf-v2p8-7ph7",
"modified": "2022-09-30T04:29:11Z",
"published": "2022-09-30T04:29:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/brettwooldridge/NuProcess/security/advisories/GHSA-cxgf-v2p8-7ph7"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39243"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/brettwooldridge/NuProcess/pull/143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/brettwooldridge/NuProcess/commit/29bc09de561bf00ff9bf77123756363a9709f868"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/brettwooldridge/NuProcess"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "NuProcess vulnerable to command-line injection through insertion of NUL character(s)"
}
GHSA-CXMW-P77Q-WCHG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-26 19:30 – Updated: 2026-04-10 19:38Summary
Android Canvas WebView pages from untrusted origins could invoke the JavascriptInterface bridge and inject instructions into the app.
Affected Packages / Versions
- Package:
openclaw(npm) - Affected: < 2026.3.22
- Fixed: >= 2026.3.22
- Latest released tag checked:
v2026.3.23-2(630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87) - Latest published npm version checked:
2026.3.23-2
Fix Commit(s)
8b02ef133275be96d8aac2283100016c8a7f32e5
Release Status
The fix shipped in v2026.3.22 and remains present in v2026.3.23 and v2026.3.23-2.
Code-Level Confirmation
- apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/ui/CanvasScreen.kt now snapshots page origin and rejects untrusted bridge calls.
- apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/node/CanvasActionTrust.kt centralizes trusted origin and path validation for the bridge.
OpenClaw thanks @cyjhhh for reporting.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.3.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-35643"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-940"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-26T19:30:52Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-10T17:17:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Summary\nAndroid Canvas WebView pages from untrusted origins could invoke the JavascriptInterface bridge and inject instructions into the app.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected: \u003c 2026.3.22\n- Fixed: \u003e= 2026.3.22\n- Latest released tag checked: `v2026.3.23-2` (`630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87`)\n- Latest published npm version checked: `2026.3.23-2`\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- `8b02ef133275be96d8aac2283100016c8a7f32e5`\n\n## Release Status\nThe fix shipped in `v2026.3.22` and remains present in `v2026.3.23` and `v2026.3.23-2`.\n\n## Code-Level Confirmation\n- apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/ui/CanvasScreen.kt now snapshots page origin and rejects untrusted bridge calls.\n- apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/node/CanvasActionTrust.kt centralizes trusted origin and path validation for the bridge.\n\nOpenClaw thanks @cyjhhh for reporting.",
"id": "GHSA-cxmw-p77q-wchg",
"modified": "2026-04-10T19:38:04Z",
"published": "2026-03-26T19:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-cxmw-p77q-wchg"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35643"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/8b02ef133275be96d8aac2283100016c8a7f32e5"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-arbitrary-code-execution-via-unvalidated-webview-javascriptinterface"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw: Arbitrary code execution via unvalidated WebView JavascriptInterface"
}
GHSA-CXX8-9QQ9-RM4X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:39 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:31Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software before 8.4(1) on ASA 5500, ASA 5500-X, PIX, and FWSM devices allows local users to gain privileges via invalid CLI commands, aka Bug ID CSCtu74257 or EPICBANANA.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-6367"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-08-18T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software before 8.4(1) on ASA 5500, ASA 5500-X, PIX, and FWSM devices allows local users to gain privileges via invalid CLI commands, aka Bug ID CSCtu74257 or EPICBANANA.",
"id": "GHSA-cxx8-9qq9-rm4x",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:31:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:39:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6367"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/offensive-security/exploit-database-bin-sploits/raw/master/sploits/40271.zip"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2016-6367"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://blogs.cisco.com/security/shadow-brokers"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20160817-asa-cli"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/viewErp.x?alertId=ERP-56516"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92520"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036636"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F22V-7CH4-9MG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:35TOTOLINK X5000R V9.1.0cu.2350_B20230313 was discovered to contain a command injection via the setWanCfg function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-31569"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-06T14:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK X5000R V9.1.0cu.2350_B20230313 was discovered to contain a command injection via the setWanCfg function.",
"id": "GHSA-f22v-7ch4-9mg8",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:35:51Z",
"published": "2023-06-06T15:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31569"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JeeseenSec/Report/tree/main/TOTOLINK%2CThanks"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JeeseenSec/Report/tree/main/TOTOLINK,Thanks"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JeeseenSec/Report/tree/main/TOTOLINK/CVE-2023-31569"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/newstpl/menu_newstpl/products/id/218.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://totolink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F258-VMFP-FRJM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-23 00:00Arris routers SBR-AC1900P 1.0.7-B05, SBR-AC3200P 1.0.7-B05 and SBR-AC1200P 1.0.5-B05 were discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the ddns function via the DdnsUserName, DdnsHostName, and DdnsPassword parameters. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26992"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-15T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Arris routers SBR-AC1900P 1.0.7-B05, SBR-AC3200P 1.0.7-B05 and SBR-AC1200P 1.0.5-B05 were discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the ddns function via the DdnsUserName, DdnsHostName, and DdnsPassword parameters. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-f258-vmfp-frjm",
"modified": "2022-03-23T00:00:37Z",
"published": "2022-03-17T00:00:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26992"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/ARRIS/vuln_3/3.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.