CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5381 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CV46-V88F-9QX8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-30 15:30 – Updated: 2025-04-30 18:31A HTML Injection vulnerability was discovered in the foreigner-search.php file of PHPGurukul Park Ticketing Management System v2.0. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the searchdata POST request parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-45011"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-30T14:15:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A HTML Injection vulnerability was discovered in the foreigner-search.php file of PHPGurukul Park Ticketing Management System v2.0. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the searchdata POST request parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-cv46-v88f-9qx8",
"modified": "2025-04-30T18:31:54Z",
"published": "2025-04-30T15:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rtnthakur/CVE/blob/main/PHPGurukul/Park-Ticketing-Management-System-Project/foreigner-search-html-injection.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CV4H-4M28-8HR9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-10 03:31 – Updated: 2026-04-10 03:31A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. The affected element is the function setAdvancedInfoShow of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. The manipulation of the argument tty_server leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-5996"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-10T02:16:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. The affected element is the function setAdvancedInfoShow of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. The manipulation of the argument tty_server leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-cv4h-4m28-8hr9",
"modified": "2026-04-10T03:31:10Z",
"published": "2026-04-10T03:31:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Litengzheng/vuldb_new/blob/main/A7100RU/vul_168/README.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/792044"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/356550"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/356550/cti"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CV7C-64XV-4WR3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-14 18:30An authenticated command injection vulnerability exists in the CLI binary of an AOS-8 Controller/Mobility Conductor operating system. Successful exploitation could allow an authenticated malicious actor to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user on the underlying operating system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-37134"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-14T17:15:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An authenticated command injection vulnerability exists in the CLI binary of an AOS-8 Controller/Mobility Conductor operating system. Successful exploitation could allow an authenticated malicious actor to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user on the underlying operating system.",
"id": "GHSA-cv7c-64xv-4wr3",
"modified": "2025-10-14T18:30:28Z",
"published": "2025-10-14T18:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37134"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbnw04957en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CVHG-R97V-R4MP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2023-03-03 18:30In radare2 before 3.7.0, a command injection vulnerability exists in bin_symbols() in libr/core/cbin.c. By using a crafted executable file, it's possible to execute arbitrary shell commands with the permissions of the victim. This vulnerability is due to improper handling of symbol names embedded in executables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-14745"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-07T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In radare2 before 3.7.0, a command injection vulnerability exists in bin_symbols() in libr/core/cbin.c. By using a crafted executable file, it\u0027s possible to execute arbitrary shell commands with the permissions of the victim. This vulnerability is due to improper handling of symbol names embedded in executables.",
"id": "GHSA-cvhg-r97v-r4mp",
"modified": "2023-03-03T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:52:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14745"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/pull/14690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bananamafia.dev/post/r2-pwndebian"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/releases/tag/3.7.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ETWG4VKHWL5F74L3QBBKSCOXHSRNSRRT"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MGA2PVBFA6VPWWLMBGWVBESHAJBQ7OXJ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RQO7V37RGQEKZDLY2JYKDZTLNN2YUBC5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CVJ3-PRP9-C5G2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:33A remote unauthenticated arbitrary code execution vulnerability was discovered in Aruba Airwave Software version(s): Prior to 1.3.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7128"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-04T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A remote unauthenticated arbitrary code execution vulnerability was discovered in Aruba Airwave Software version(s): Prior to 1.3.2.",
"id": "GHSA-cvj3-prp9-c5g2",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:33:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7128"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docLocale=en_US\u0026docId=emr_na-hpesbnw04051en_us"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CVJ9-G4H2-MVQX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-10 03:35 – Updated: 2024-11-10 03:35A vulnerability was found in D-Link DI-8003 16.07.16A1. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function upgrade_filter_asp of the file /upgrade_filter.asp. The manipulation of the argument path leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11046"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-10T03:15:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in D-Link DI-8003 16.07.16A1. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function upgrade_filter_asp of the file /upgrade_filter.asp. The manipulation of the argument path leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-cvj9-g4h2-mvqx",
"modified": "2024-11-10T03:35:10Z",
"published": "2024-11-10T03:35:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11046"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/theRaz0r/iot-mycve/blob/main/Dlink_DI8003_command_injection/DI8003_command_injection.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.283632"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.283632"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.434929"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CVMH-RQ8X-HPJR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-26 00:31 – Updated: 2025-08-26 00:31Insecure Permissions vulnerability in sparkshop v.1.1.7 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the Common.php component
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-50722"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T17:15:29Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Insecure Permissions vulnerability in sparkshop v.1.1.7 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the Common.php component",
"id": "GHSA-cvmh-rq8x-hpjr",
"modified": "2025-08-26T00:31:14Z",
"published": "2025-08-26T00:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-50722"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/147536951/Qiany1/blob/main/SparkShop.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CVR8-4CHV-7PMQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-20 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-01 00:00A command injection vulnerability in the function updateWifiInfo of TOTOLINK Technology routers T6 V3_Firmware T6_V3_V4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 and T10 V2_Firmware V4.1.8cu.5207_B20210320 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted MQTT packet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-25130"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-19T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A command injection vulnerability in the function updateWifiInfo of TOTOLINK Technology routers T6 V3_Firmware T6_V3_V4.1.5cu.748_B20211015 and T10 V2_Firmware V4.1.8cu.5207_B20210320 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted MQTT packet.",
"id": "GHSA-cvr8-4chv-7pmq",
"modified": "2022-03-01T00:00:46Z",
"published": "2022-02-20T00:00:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25130"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/220087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pjqwudi1/my_vuln/blob/main/totolink/vuln_18/18.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CVVG-4VJ4-874R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-13 21:31 – Updated: 2025-11-19 15:31An issue in Intermesh BV GroupOffice vulnerable before v.25.0.47 and 6.8.136 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the dbToApi() and eval() in the FunctionField.php
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-63406"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-13T19:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue in Intermesh BV GroupOffice vulnerable before v.25.0.47 and 6.8.136 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the dbToApi() and eval() in the FunctionField.php",
"id": "GHSA-cvvg-4vj4-874r",
"modified": "2025-11-19T15:31:32Z",
"published": "2025-11-13T21:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-63406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/WinDyAlphA/CVE-2025-63406-PoC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://noahheraud.com/posts/CVE-2025-63406"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CVXW-G73W-J934
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-09 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-09 15:30A command execution vulnerability exists in the tddpd enable_test_mode functionality of Tp-Link AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3) v5.1.0 Build 20220926 and Tp-Link N300 Wireless Access Point (EAP115 V4) v5.0.4 Build 20220216. A specially crafted series of network requests can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a sequence of unauthenticated packets to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability impacts uclited on the EAP115(V4) 5.0.4 Build 20220216 of the N300 Wireless Gigabit Access Point.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-49134"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-09T15:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A command execution vulnerability exists in the tddpd enable_test_mode functionality of Tp-Link AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3) v5.1.0 Build 20220926 and Tp-Link N300 Wireless Access Point (EAP115 V4) v5.0.4 Build 20220216. A specially crafted series of network requests can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a sequence of unauthenticated packets to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability impacts `uclited` on the EAP115(V4) 5.0.4 Build 20220216 of the N300 Wireless Gigabit Access Point.",
"id": "GHSA-cvxw-g73w-j934",
"modified": "2024-04-09T15:30:37Z",
"published": "2024-04-09T15:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49134"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1862"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.