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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-95

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval").

344 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-45406 (GCVE-0-2026-45406)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-26 16:22 – Updated: 2026-06-26 18:30
VLAI
Title
Dokku: Host RCE via Maliciously Named OpenResty Include Files Injected Through eval
Summary
Dokku is a docker-powered PaaS. Prior to 0.38.2, the openresty-vhosts plugin copies files from an app's openresty/http-includes/ git repository directory to the host and then interpolates their filenames, unescaped, into a single-quoted shell string that is later parsed by eval. A filename containing a single quote breaks the quoting and allows command substitution to execute arbitrary commands on the host as the dokku user during the app's next deploy. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.38.2.
Severity
9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-26 18:30 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
dokku dokku Affected: < 0.38.2
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CVE-2026-45293 (GCVE-0-2026-45293)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-28 15:34 – Updated: 2026-07-29 13:47
VLAI
Title
WordPress Coding Standards (WordPressCS) contains an arbitrary code execution vulnerability
Summary
WordPress Coding Standards is a set of PHP_CodeSniffer rules (sniffs) that enforce WordPress coding conventions. From 0.14.1 until 3.4.1, the WordPress.WP.EnqueuedResourceParameters sniff (active in the WordPress and WordPress-Extra rulesets) reconstructed the $ver argument passed to functions such as wp_enqueue_script() and ran it through eval() inside its is_falsy() method, so a maliciously crafted argument such as 'system'('id') would execute during a scan; as a result, running PHPCS with WordPressCS over untrusted PHP (for example a CI pipeline that lints pull requests, or a developer reviewing third-party code) could lead to arbitrary command execution on the scanning host. The WordPress-Core and WordPress-Docs rulesets are not affected. This issue is fixed in version 3.4.1.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-29 13:46 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
WordPress WordPress-Coding-Standards Affected: >= 0.14.1, < 3.4.1
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Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-44939 (GCVE-0-2026-44939)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 12:13 – Updated: 2026-06-24 03:56
VLAI
Title
Command injection through unsanitized YAML parameter in Rancher
Summary
A command injection vulnerability in the Rancher Manager cluster before 2.14.2 import endpoint /v3/import/{token}_{clusterId}.yaml through unsanitized YAML parameters could allow remote attackers to break out of an image, and execute e.g. malicious containers.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code ('eval injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SUSE Rancher Affected: 2.14.0 , < 2.14.2 (semver)
Affected: 2.13.0 , < 2.13.6 (semver)
Affected: 2.12.0 , < 2.12.10 (semver)
Affected: 2.11.0 , < 2.11.14 (semver)
Affected: 2.10.0 , < 2.10.12 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-05-27 16:36
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-44643 (GCVE-0-2026-44643)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 14:33 – Updated: 2026-05-11 16:22
VLAI
Title
Angular Expressions - Remote Code Execution using filters
Summary
Angular Expressions provides expressions for the Angular.JS web framework as a standalone module. Prior to 1.5.2, an attacker can write a malicious expression using filters that escapes the sandbox to execute arbitrary code on the system. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.5.2.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 16:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-44128 (GCVE-0-2026-44128)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 13:13 – Updated: 2026-05-18 16:13
VLAI
Title
Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
Summary
SEPPmail Secure Email Gateway before version 15.0.2.1 allows unauthenticated remote code execution in the new GINA UI because an endpoint passes attacker-controlled input from a parameter to Perl's eval.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-08 14:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code ('eval injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SEPPmail AG Secure Email Gateway Affected: 0 , < 15.0.2.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dario Weiss of InfoGuard Labs
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-42603 (GCVE-0-2026-42603)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 16:11 – Updated: 2026-05-11 17:27
VLAI
Title
OWASP BLT: pre-commit-fix.yaml executes untrusted fork code via pull_request_target
Summary
OWASP BLT is a QA testing and vulnerability disclosure platform that encompasses websites, apps, git repositories, and more. Prior to 2.1.2, .github/workflows/pre-commit-fix.yaml uses pull_request_target (privileged trigger) but checks out and executes code directly from the attacker's fork, enabling RCE with write permissions. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.1.2.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 17:27 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OWASP-BLT BLT Affected: < 2.1.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-42079 (GCVE-0-2026-42079)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-04 16:57 – Updated: 2026-05-04 19:42
VLAI
Title
PPTAgent: Arbitrary Code Execution via Python eval() of LLM-Generated Code with Builtins in Scope
Summary
PPTAgent is an agentic framework for reflective PowerPoint generation. Prior to commit 418491a, PPTAgent is vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via Python eval() of LLM-generated code with builtins in scope. This issue has been patched via commit 418491a.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-04 19:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
icip-cas PPTAgent Affected: < 418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-40316 (GCVE-0-2026-40316)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-15 22:49 – Updated: 2026-04-16 14:18
VLAI
Title
OWASP BLT has RCE in Github Actions via untrusted Django model execution in workflow
Summary
OWASP BLT is a QA testing and vulnerability disclosure platform that encompasses websites, apps, git repositories, and more. Versions prior to 2.1.1 contain an RCE vulnerability in the .github/workflows/regenerate-migrations.yml workflow. The workflow uses the pull_request_target trigger to run with full GITHUB_TOKEN write permissions, copies attacker-controlled files from untrusted pull requests into the trusted runner workspace via git show, and then executes python manage.py makemigrations, which imports Django model modules including attacker-controlled website/models.py at runtime. Any module-level Python code in the attacker's models.py is executed during import, enabling arbitrary code execution in the privileged CI environment with access to GITHUB_TOKEN and repository secrets. The attack is triggerable by any external contributor who can open a pull request, provided a maintainer applies the regenerate-migrations label, potentially leading to secret exfiltration, repository compromise, and supply chain attacks. A patch for this issue is expected to be released in version 2.1.1.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-16 14:17 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OWASP-BLT BLT Affected: <= 2.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-40187 (GCVE-0-2026-40187)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 17:00 – Updated: 2026-07-20 17:34
VLAI
Title
Authenticated RCE via Malicious eTemplate Upload in EGroupware
Summary
In egroupware version 26.0 and earlier, an authenticated administrator can achieve OS-level Remote Code Execution (RCE) by uploading a malicious eTemplate XML file (`.xet`) to the VFS `/etemplates` mount. The `Widget::expand_name()` method passes template widget attribute values directly into a PHP `eval()` call with only double-quote escaping applied - **backtick characters are not escaped**. In PHP, backticks inside a double-quoted `eval()` string execute shell commands. This allows an admin-level user to escalate from web application access to arbitrary OS command execution on the server.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-20 17:33 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
EGroupware egroupware Affected: <= 26.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-39932 (GCVE-0-2026-39932)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 16:00 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:49 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
OpenEMR 8.2.0 Remote Code Execution via CategoryTree eval() Injection
Summary
OpenEMR through 8.2.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in the document category tree component (library/classes/Tree.class.php) that allows authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary operating system commands by injecting PHP payloads into the categories database table. Attackers can chain arbitrary SQL execution to alter the id column type to VARCHAR and insert a malicious PHP payload, which is then executed via an unsanitized eval() call whenever any page instantiates CategoryTree, including unauthenticated and low-privilege pages, resulting in command execution as the web server user.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-03 16:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
openemr openemr Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.2.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:open-emr:openemr:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-02 00:00
Credits
Jiva (JivaSecurity)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Refactoring

If possible, refactor your code so that it does not need to use eval() at all.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
  • Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
  • Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

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