CWE-116
Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
The product prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved.
CVE-2024-45299 (GCVE-0-2024-45299)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-06 13:00 – Updated: 2024-09-06 14:03
VLAI
Title
alf.io's preloaded data as json is not escaped correctly
Summary
alf.io is an open source ticket reservation system for conferences, trade shows, workshops, and meetups. Prior to version 2.0-M5, the preloaded data as json is not escaped correctly, the administrator / event admin could break their own install by inserting non correctly escaped text. The Content-Security-Policy directive blocks any potential script execution. The administrator or event administrator can override the texts for customization purpose. The texts are not properly escaped. Version 2.0-M5 fixes this issue.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/alfio-event/alf.io/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/alfio-event/alf.io/commit/e713… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| alfio-event | alf.io |
Affected:
< 2.0-M5
|
|
| alf | alf |
Affected:
0 , < 2.0-m5
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:alf:alf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-45498 (GCVE-0-2024-45498)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-07 07:43 – Updated: 2024-11-04 16:24
VLAI
Title
Apache Airflow: Command Injection in an example DAG
Summary
Example DAG: example_inlet_event_extra.py shipped with Apache Airflow version 2.10.0 has a vulnerability that allows an authenticated attacker with only DAG trigger permission to execute arbitrary commands. If you used that example as the base of your DAGs - please review if you have not copied the dangerous example; see https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/41873 for more information. We recommend against exposing the example DAGs in your deployment. If you must expose the example DAGs, upgrade Airflow to version 2.10.1 or later.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Airflow |
Affected:
2.10.0
(semver)
|
|
| apache | airflow |
Affected:
2.10.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:airflow:2.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-46901 (GCVE-0-2024-46901)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-09 09:36 – Updated: 2025-04-13 21:02
VLAI
Title
Apache Subversion: mod_dav_svn denial-of-service via control characters in paths
Summary
Insufficient validation of filenames against control characters in Apache Subversion repositories served via mod_dav_svn allows authenticated users with commit access to commit a corrupted revision, leading to disruption for users of the repository.
All versions of Subversion up to and including Subversion 1.14.4 are affected if serving repositories via mod_dav_svn. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.14.5, which fixes this issue.
Repositories served via other access methods are not affected.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://subversion.apache.org/security/CVE-2024-4… | vendor-advisory |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Subversion |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.14.4
(semver)
|
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CVE-2024-47528 (GCVE-0-2024-47528)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-01 20:20 – Updated: 2024-12-19 20:14
VLAI
Title
LibreNMS Contains a Stored XSS via File Upload
Summary
LibreNMS is an open-source, PHP/MySQL/SNMP-based network monitoring system. Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) can be achieved by uploading a new Background for a Custom Map. Users with "admin" role can set background for a custom map, this allow the upload of SVG file that can contain XSS payload which will trigger on load. This led to Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). The vulnerability is fixed in 24.9.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/librenms/librenms/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/librenms/librenms/commit/d959b… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-47531 (GCVE-0-2024-47531)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-30 15:26 – Updated: 2024-09-30 16:31
VLAI
Title
Scout contains insufficient output escaping of attachment names
Summary
Scout is a web-based visualizer for VCF-files. Due to the lack of sanitization in the filename, it is possible bypass intended file extension and make users download malicious files with any extension. With malicious content injected inside the file data and users unknowingly downloading it and opening may lead to the compromise of users' devices or data. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.89.
Severity
4.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Clinical-Genomics/scout/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Clinical-Genomics/scout/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical-Genomics | scout |
Affected:
<= 4.88.1
|
|
| clinical-genomics | scout |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 4.88.1
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:clinical-genomics:scout:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-47845 (GCVE-0-2024-47845)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-05 00:09 – Updated: 2024-10-07 17:39
VLAI
Title
CSS sanitizer used incorrectly, and is easily bypassed
Summary
Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability in The Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - CSS Extension allows Code Injection.This issue affects Mediawiki - CSS Extension: from 1.39.X before 1.39.9, from 1.41.X before 1.41.3, from 1.42.X before 1.42.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Wikimedia Foundation | Mediawiki - CSS Extension |
Affected:
1.39.x , < 1.39.9
(semver)
Affected: 1.41.x , < 1.41.3 (semver) Affected: 1.42.x , < 1.42.2 (semver) |
|
| wikimedia | mediawiki-extensions-css |
Affected:
1.39.0 , < 1.39.9
(semver)
Affected: 1.41.0 , < 1.41.3 (semver) Affected: 1.42.0 , < 1.42.2 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:wikimedia:mediawiki-extensions-css:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-50349 (GCVE-0-2024-50349)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-14 18:43 – Updated: 2025-11-03 20:45
VLAI
Title
Git does not sanitize URLs when asking for credentials interactively
Summary
Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals. When Git asks for credentials via a terminal prompt (i.e. without using any credential helper), it prints out the host name for which the user is expected to provide a username and/or a password. At this stage, any URL-encoded parts have been decoded already, and are printed verbatim. This allows attackers to craft URLs that contain ANSI escape sequences that the terminal interpret to confuse users e.g. into providing passwords for trusted Git hosting sites when in fact they are then sent to untrusted sites that are under the attacker's control. This issue has been patch via commits `7725b81` and `c903985` which are included in release versions v2.48.1, v2.47.2, v2.46.3, v2.45.3, v2.44.3, v2.43.6, v2.42.4, v2.41.3, and v2.40.4. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should avoid cloning from untrusted URLs, especially recursive clones.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/git/git/commit/7725b8100ffbbff… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/git/git/commit/c903985bf7e772e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-50629 (GCVE-0-2024-50629)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-19 05:49 – Updated: 2025-03-28 01:10
VLAI
Summary
Improper encoding or escaping of output vulnerability in the webapi component in Synology BeeStation OS (BSM) before 1.1-65374 and Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) before 7.1.1-42962-7, 7.2-64570-4, 7.2.1-69057-6 and 7.2.2-72806-1 allow remote attackers to read limited files via unspecified vectors.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.synology.com/en-global/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.synology.com/en-global/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Synology | DiskStation Manager (DSM) |
Affected:
7.2.2 , < 7.2.2-72806-1
(semver)
Affected: 7.2.1 , < 7.2.1-69057-6 (semver) Affected: 7.2 , < 7.2-64570-4 (semver) Affected: 7.1 , < 7.1.1-42962-7 (semver) Unknown: 0 , < 7.0 (semver) |
|
| Synology | BeeStation OS (BSM) |
Affected:
1.1 , < 1.1-65374
(semver)
Affected: 1.0 , < 1.1-65374 (semver) Unknown: 0 , < 1.0 (semver) |
Credits
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CVE-2024-52005 (GCVE-0-2024-52005)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-15 17:35 – Updated: 2025-01-15 20:10
VLAI
Title
The sideband payload is passed unfiltered to the terminal in git
Summary
Git is a source code management tool. When cloning from a server (or fetching, or pushing), informational or error messages are transported from the remote Git process to the client via the so-called "sideband channel". These messages will be prefixed with "remote:" and printed directly to the standard error output. Typically, this standard error output is connected to a terminal that understands ANSI escape sequences, which Git did not protect against. Most modern terminals support control sequences that can be used by a malicious actor to hide and misrepresent information, or to mislead the user into executing untrusted scripts. As requested on the git-security mailing list, the patches are under discussion on the public mailing list. Users are advised to update as soon as possible. Users unable to upgrade should avoid recursive clones unless they are from trusted sources.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://lore.kernel.org/git/1M9FnZ-1taoNo1wwh-00E… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
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CVE-2024-52006 (GCVE-0-2024-52006)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-14 18:39 – Updated: 2025-11-03 20:45
VLAI
Title
Newline confusion in credential helpers can lead to credential exfiltration in git
Summary
Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals. Git defines a line-based protocol that is used to exchange information between Git and Git credential helpers. Some ecosystems (most notably, .NET and node.js) interpret single Carriage Return characters as newlines, which renders the protections against CVE-2020-5260 incomplete for credential helpers that treat Carriage Returns in this way. This issue has been addressed in commit `b01b9b8` which is included in release versions v2.48.1, v2.47.2, v2.46.3, v2.45.3, v2.44.3, v2.43.6, v2.42.4, v2.41.3, and v2.40.4. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should avoid cloning from untrusted URLs, especially recursive clones.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/git-ecosystem/git-credential-m… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/git/git/commit/b01b9b81d36759c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
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Mitigation ID: MIT-4.3
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error.
- Alternately, use built-in functions, but consider using wrappers in case those functions are discovered to have a vulnerability.
Mitigation ID: MIT-27
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Parameterization
Description:
- If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
- For example, stored procedures can enforce database query structure and reduce the likelihood of SQL injection.
Mitigation
Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation
Description:
- Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- In some cases, input validation may be an important strategy when output encoding is not a complete solution. For example, you may be providing the same output that will be processed by multiple consumers that use different encodings or representations. In other cases, you may be required to allow user-supplied input to contain control information, such as limited HTML tags that support formatting in a wiki or bulletin board. When this type of requirement must be met, use an extremely strict allowlist to limit which control sequences can be used. Verify that the resulting syntactic structure is what you expect. Use your normal encoding methods for the remainder of the input.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use input validation as a defense-in-depth measure to reduce the likelihood of output encoding errors (see CWE-20).
Mitigation
Phase: Requirements
Description:
- Fully specify which encodings are required by components that will be communicating with each other.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
CAPEC-104: Cross Zone Scripting
An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security.
CAPEC-73: User-Controlled Filename
An attack of this type involves an adversary inserting malicious characters (such as a XSS redirection) into a filename, directly or indirectly that is then used by the target software to generate HTML text or other potentially executable content. Many websites rely on user-generated content and dynamically build resources like files, filenames, and URL links directly from user supplied data. In this attack pattern, the attacker uploads code that can execute in the client browser and/or redirect the client browser to a site that the attacker owns. All XSS attack payload variants can be used to pass and exploit these vulnerabilities.
CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering
Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.
CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting
This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.