CWE-693
Protection Mechanism Failure
The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.
CVE-2025-34413 (GCVE-0-2025-34413)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-09 18:11 – Updated: 2025-12-09 19:20
VLAI
Title
Legality WHISTLEBLOWING Missing Critical HTTP Security Headers
Summary
Legality WHISTLEBLOWING by DigitalPA contains a protection mechanism failure in which critical HTTP security headers are not emitted by default. Affected deployments omit Content-Security-Policy, Referrer-Policy, Permissions-Policy, Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy, Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy, and Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy (with CSP delivered via HTML meta elements being inadequate). The absence of these headers weakens browser-side defenses and increases exposure to client-side attacks such as cross-site scripting, clickjacking, referer leakage, and cross-origin data disclosure.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Dec/0 | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.digitalpa.net/en/whistleblowing-softw… | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/legality-whi… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DigitalPA S.r.l. | Legality WHISTLEBLOWING |
Affected:
0
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-35968 (GCVE-0-2025-35968)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-11 16:51 – Updated: 2025-11-14 15:28
VLAI
Summary
Protection mechanism failure in the UEFI firmware for the Slim Bootloader within firmware may allow an escalation of privilege. Startup code and smm adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable escalation of privilege. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (high) and availability (high) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- Escalation of Privilege
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Slim Bootloader |
Affected:
See references
|
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CVE-2025-3770 (GCVE-0-2025-3770)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-07 00:42 – Updated: 2025-08-07 13:28
VLAI
Title
SMM IDT Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
EDK2 contains a vulnerability in BIOS where an attacker may cause “Protection Mechanism Failure” by local access. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability will lead to arbitrary code execution and impact Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-08-07 00:41
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CVE-2025-40536 (GCVE-0-2025-40536)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-28 07:30 – Updated: 2026-02-26 15:04
VLAI
Title
SolarWinds Web Help Desk Security Control Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
SolarWinds Web Help Desk was found to be susceptible to a security control bypass vulnerability that if exploited, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to gain access to certain restricted functionality.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_c… | release-notes |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
| https://www.huntress.com/blog/active-exploitation… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SolarWinds | Web Help Desk |
Affected:
12.8.8 HF1 and below
|
Date Public
2026-01-28 07:25
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CVE-2025-41224 (GCVE-0-2025-41224)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 10:35 – Updated: 2025-07-08 20:31
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RMC8388NC V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS416NCv2 V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS416PNCv2 V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS900GNC(32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS900NC(32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100NC(32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100PNC (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2288NC V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300NC V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300PNC V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2488NC V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG907R (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG908C (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG909R (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG910C (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG920PNC V5.X (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSL910 (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSL910NC (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RST2228 (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RST2228P (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RST916C (All versions < V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RST916P (All versions < V5.10.0). The affected products do not properly enforce interface access restrictions when changing from management to non-management interface configurations until a system reboot occurs, despite configuration being saved. This could allow an attacker with network access and credentials to gain access to device through non-management and maintain SSH access to the device until reboot.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
34 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RMC8388NC V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RS416NCv2 V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RS416PNCv2 V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RS900GNC(32M) V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RS900NC(32M) V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2100NC(32M) V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2100PNC (32M) V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2288NC V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2300NC V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2300PNC V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG2488NC V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG907R |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG908C |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG909R |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG910C |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSG920PNC V5.X |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSL910 |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RSL910NC |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RST2228 |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RST2228P |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RST916C |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RST916P |
Affected:
0 , < V5.10.0
(custom)
|
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"timestamp": "2025-07-08T20:31:21.314188Z",
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"product": "RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V5.X",
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"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
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"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
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{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RS416NCv2 V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
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{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
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"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RS900GNC(32M) V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RS900NC(32M) V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2100NC(32M) V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2100PNC (32M) V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2288NC V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2300NC V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2300PNC V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG2488NC V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG907R",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG908C",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG909R",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG910C",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
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},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSG920PNC V5.X",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSL910",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RSL910NC",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RST2228",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RST2228P",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RST916C",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "RUGGEDCOM RST916P",
"vendor": "Siemens",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "V5.10.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RMC8388NC V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS416NCv2 V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS416PNCv2 V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS900GNC(32M) V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RS900NC(32M) V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100NC(32M) V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100PNC (32M) V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2288NC V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300NC V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300PNC V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG2488NC V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG907R (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG908C (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG909R (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG910C (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSG920PNC V5.X (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSL910 (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RSL910NC (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RST2228 (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RST2228P (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RST916C (All versions \u003c V5.10.0), RUGGEDCOM RST916P (All versions \u003c V5.10.0). The affected products do not properly enforce interface access restrictions when changing from management to non-management interface configurations until a system reboot occurs, despite configuration being saved. This could allow an attacker with network access and credentials to gain access to device through non-management and maintain SSH access to the device until reboot."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 7.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-693",
"description": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-08T10:35:09.492Z",
"orgId": "cec7a2ec-15b4-4faf-bd53-b40f371f3a77",
"shortName": "siemens"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-083019.html"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "cec7a2ec-15b4-4faf-bd53-b40f371f3a77",
"assignerShortName": "siemens",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-41224",
"datePublished": "2025-07-08T10:35:09.492Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T09:27:14.282Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-08T20:31:27.395Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-43728 (GCVE-0-2025-43728)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-27 13:44 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:48
VLAI
Summary
Dell ThinOS 10, versions prior to 2508_10.0127, contain a Protection Mechanism Failure vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Protection mechanism bypass.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/00035961… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-08-26 17:00
{
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"timestamp": "2025-08-28T03:55:22.762257Z",
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CVE-2025-46358 (GCVE-0-2025-46358)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-10 23:41 – Updated: 2025-07-11 13:54
VLAI
Title
Emerson ValveLink Products Protection Mechanism Failure
Summary
Emerson ValveLink products
do not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides
sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Emerson | ValveLink SOLO |
Affected:
0 , < ValveLink 14.0
(custom)
|
|
| Emerson | ValveLink DTM |
Affected:
0 , < ValveLink 14.0
(custom)
|
|
| Emerson | ValveLink PRM |
Affected:
0 , < ValveLink 14.0
(custom)
|
|
| Emerson | ValveLink SNAP-ON |
Affected:
0 , < ValveLink 14.0
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-46553 (GCVE-0-2025-46553)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-05 18:28 – Updated: 2025-05-05 18:50
VLAI
Title
@misskey-dev/summaly Redirect Filter Bypass
Summary
@misskey-dev/summaly is a tool for getting a summary of a web page. Starting in version 3.0.1 and prior to version 5.2.1, a logic error in the main `summaly` function causes the `allowRedirects` option to never be passed to any plugins, and as a result, isn't enforced. Misskey will follow redirects, despite explicitly requesting not to. Version 5.2.1 contains a patch for the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/misskey-dev/summaly/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/misskey-dev/summaly/commit/451… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| misskey-dev | summaly |
Affected:
>= 3.0.1, < 5.2.1
|
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CVE-2025-47159 (GCVE-0-2025-47159)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 16:57 – Updated: 2026-02-13 19:06
VLAI
Title
Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Protection mechanism failure in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
17 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.21073
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8246
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7558
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.6093
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.6093
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5624
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5624
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5624
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4652
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8246
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8246
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7558
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7558
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3932
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1732
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4652
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4652
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-07-08 07:00
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CVE-2025-47160 (GCVE-0-2025-47160)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-10 17:02 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:00
VLAI
Title
Windows Shortcut Files Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
Protection mechanism failure in Windows Shell allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
21 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.21034
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5965
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5965
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5472
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25522
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25522
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22620
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22620
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8148
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3807
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1665
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4349
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-06-10 07:00
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],
"datePublic": "2025-06-10T07:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "Protection mechanism failure in Windows Shell allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 5.4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L/E:U/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en-US",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-693",
"description": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure",
"lang": "en-US",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-20T16:00:49.187Z",
"orgId": "f38d906d-7342-40ea-92c1-6c4a2c6478c8",
"shortName": "microsoft"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "Windows Shortcut Files Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47160"
}
],
"title": "Windows Shortcut Files Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability"
}
},
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"cveId": "CVE-2025-47160",
"datePublished": "2025-06-10T17:02:23.104Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-05-01T17:10:57.980Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-20T16:00:49.187Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-107: Cross Site Tracing
Cross Site Tracing (XST) enables an adversary to steal the victim's session cookie and possibly other authentication credentials transmitted in the header of the HTTP request when the victim's browser communicates to a destination system's web server.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
CAPEC-20: Encryption Brute Forcing
An attacker, armed with the cipher text and the encryption algorithm used, performs an exhaustive (brute force) search on the key space to determine the key that decrypts the cipher text to obtain the plaintext.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-237: Escaping a Sandbox by Calling Code in Another Language
The attacker may submit malicious code of another language to obtain access to privileges that were not intentionally exposed by the sandbox, thus escaping the sandbox. For instance, Java code cannot perform unsafe operations, such as modifying arbitrary memory locations, due to restrictions placed on it by the Byte code Verifier and the JVM. If allowed, Java code can call directly into native C code, which may perform unsafe operations, such as call system calls and modify arbitrary memory locations on their behalf. To provide isolation, Java does not grant untrusted code with unmediated access to native C code. Instead, the sandboxed code is typically allowed to call some subset of the pre-existing native code that is part of standard libraries.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content
An attacker exploits the underlying complexity of a data structure that allows for both signed and unsigned content, to cause unsigned data to be processed as though it were signed data.
CAPEC-480: Escaping Virtualization
An adversary gains access to an application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by escaping the confines of a virtualized environment. The adversary is then able to access resources or execute unauthorized code within the host environment, generally with the privileges of the user running the virtualized process. Successfully executing an attack of this type is often the first step in executing more complex attacks.
CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry
SOA and Web Services often use a registry to perform look up, get schema information, and metadata about services. A poisoned registry can redirect (think phishing for servers) the service requester to a malicious service provider, provide incorrect information in schema or metadata, and delete information about service provider interfaces.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code
An adversary passively sniffs network communications and captures application code bound for an authorized client. Once obtained, they can use it as-is, or through reverse-engineering glean sensitive information or exploit the trust relationship between the client and server. Such code may belong to a dynamic update to the client, a patch being applied to a client component or any such interaction where the client is authorized to communicate with the server.
CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)
An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.
CAPEC-74: Manipulating State
['The adversary modifies state information maintained by the target software or causes a state transition in hardware. If successful, the target will use this tainted state and execute in an unintended manner.', 'State management is an important function within a software application. User state maintained by the application can include usernames, payment information, browsing history as well as application-specific contents such as items in a shopping cart. Manipulating user state can be employed by an adversary to elevate privilege, conduct fraudulent transactions or otherwise modify the flow of the application to derive certain benefits.', 'If there is a hardware logic error in a finite state machine, the adversary can use this to put the system in an undefined state which could cause a denial of service or exposure of secure data.']
CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing
An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.