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CVE-2023-28770 (GCVE-0-2023-28770)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-27 00:00 – Updated: 2025-01-31 18:42
VLAI Shadowserver Previdian
Summary
The sensitive information exposure vulnerability in the CGI “Export_Log” and the binary “zcmd” in Zyxel DX5401-B0 firmware versions prior to V5.17(ABYO.1)C0 could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to read the system files and to retrieve the password of the supervisor from the encrypted file.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-31 18:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  • CWE-203 - Observable Discrepancy
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Zyxel DX5401-B0 firmware Affected: < V5.17(ABYO.1)C0
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Shadowserver
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 5d3b28a7-642e-4a31-965e-ce488c242b34

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2023-28770

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-07-19 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Characteristics
Severity: 75.0
Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-10-19
Asserted: 2023-10-19
Last Seen: 2026-07-19
Scope
Asset Exposure: ['internet-facing']
Notes: Affected: Zyxel / Zyxel DX5401-B0 | Class: router | Severity: High (CVSS 7.5) | IoT: yes | In CISA KEV: no | Honeypot connections on 2026-07-19: 1
Evidence

Type: Honeypot

Signal: In The Wild Attempts

Confidence: 70%

Source: shadowserver

Details
1D 1
Iot yes
Feed Shadowserver Foundation honeypot/exploited-vulnerabilities
Type http-scan
Class router
7D Avg 0
Vendor Zyxel
30D Avg 0
90D Avg 0
Product Zyxel DX5401-B0
Cisa Kev no
Connections 1
Observation Date 2026-07-19
Vulnerability Class CVSS
Vulnerability Score 7.5
Vulnerability Severity High
References
Created: 2026-06-30 09:23 UTC | Updated: 2026-07-21 01:01 UTC
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 6c8e6cf7-613a-433f-9fe0-30bf5cf87d95

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2023-28770

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2023-04-27 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps
First Seen: 2023-04-27
Asserted: 2023-04-27
Scope
Notes: KEVIntel entry: The sensitive information exposure vulnerability in the CGI “Export_Log” and the binary “zcmd” in Zyxel DX5401-B0 firmware versions prior to... | Affected: Zyxel / DX5401-B0 firmware | CVSS: 7.5 (HIGH) | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: True
Evidence

Type: Public Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 70%

Source: kevintel

Details
Feed KEVIntel (kevintel.com)
Title The sensitive information exposure vulnerability in the CGI “Export_Log” and the binary “zcmd” in Zyxel DX5401-B0 firmware versions prior to...
Vendor Zyxel
Product DX5401-B0 firmware
Added Date 2023-04-27T00:00:00.000Z
Cvss Score 7.5
Epss Score None
Cvss Severity HIGH
Epss Percentile None
Used In Malware unknown
Ahead Of Cisa Kev None
Not Yet In Cisa Kev True
References
Created: 2026-06-23 14:06 UTC | Updated: 2026-07-10 06:14 UTC
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

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  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


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