CVE-2025-3522 (GCVE-0-2025-3522)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-15 15:06 – Updated: 2026-04-13 14:28
VLAI
Title
Leak of hashed Window credentials via crafted attachment URL
Summary
Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Mozilla Thunderbird Unaffected: 128.9.2 , ≤ 128.* (rpm)
Unaffected: 137.0.2 , ≤ * (rpm)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dario Weißer
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
              "baseScore": 6.3,
              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
              "integrityImpact": "LOW",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-3522",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-15T18:49:37.244746Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-601",
                "description": "CWE-601 URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-04-15T19:05:13.896Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Thunderbird",
          "vendor": "Mozilla",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "128.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "128.9.2",
              "versionType": "rpm"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "137.0.2",
              "versionType": "rpm"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Dario Wei\u00dfer"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to  determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to  determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T14:28:27.731Z",
        "orgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
        "shortName": "mozilla"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1955372"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-26/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-27/"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Leak of hashed Window credentials via crafted attachment URL"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
    "assignerShortName": "mozilla",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-3522",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-15T15:06:13.599Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-11T15:23:30.875Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T14:28:27.731Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-3522",
      "date": "2026-06-04",
      "epss": "0.001",
      "percentile": "0.27254"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-3522\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security@mozilla.org\",\"published\":\"2025-04-15T15:16:09.877\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-04-13T15:16:57.657\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to  determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Thunderbird procesa el encabezado X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL para gestionar los archivos adjuntos alojados externamente. Al abrir un correo electr\u00f3nico, Thunderbird accede a la URL especificada para determinar el tama\u00f1o del archivo y la accede cuando el usuario hace clic en el archivo adjunto. Dado que la URL no est\u00e1 validada ni depurada, puede hacer referencia a recursos internos como enlaces a chrome:// o a recursos compartidos SMB file://, lo que podr\u00eda provocar una fuga de credenciales de Windows con hash y dar lugar a problemas de seguridad m\u00e1s graves. Esta vulnerabilidad afecta a Thunderbird (versi\u00f3n anterior a la 137.0.2) y Thunderbird (versi\u00f3n anterior a la 128.9.2).\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L\",\"baseScore\":6.3,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"REQUIRED\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"integrityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"LOW\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.8,\"impactScore\":3.4}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-601\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"128.9.2\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D11A3908-71D7-4967-8029-0D4DD57F384C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"129.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"137.0.2\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"971D9339-D135-4B63-A4DA-E333080DA5E6\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1955372\",\"source\":\"security@mozilla.org\",\"tags\":[\"Permissions Required\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-26/\",\"source\":\"security@mozilla.org\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-27/\",\"source\":\"security@mozilla.org\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 6.3, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"REQUIRED\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"LOW\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-3522\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-04-15T18:49:37.244746Z\"}}}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-601\", \"description\": \"CWE-601 URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-04-15T19:02:33.423Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Leak of hashed Window credentials via crafted attachment URL\", \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Dario Wei\\u00dfer\"}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"Mozilla\", \"product\": \"Thunderbird\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"128.9.2\", \"versionType\": \"rpm\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"128.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"137.0.2\", \"versionType\": \"rpm\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1955372\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-26/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-27/\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to  determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to  determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2.\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe\", \"shortName\": \"mozilla\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-04-13T14:28:27.731Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-3522\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-04-13T14:28:27.731Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-11T15:23:30.875Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-04-15T15:06:13.599Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"mozilla\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.