CVE-2025-41659 (GCVE-0-2025-41659)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-04 08:04 – Updated: 2025-08-04 16:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CODESYS Control PKI Exposure Enables Remote Certificate Access
Summary
A low-privileged attacker can remotely access the PKI folder of the CODESYS Control runtime system and thus read and write certificates and its keys. This allows sensitive data to be extracted or to accept certificates as trusted. Although all services remain available, only unencrypted communication is possible if the certificates are deleted.
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-08-04 16:34 UTC
CWE
- CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CODESYS | Control RTE (SL) |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 3.5.21.20
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control RTE (for Beckhoff CX) SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 3.5.21.20
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control Win (SL) |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 3.5.21.20
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | HMI (SL) |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 3.5.21.20
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Runtime Toolkit |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 3.5.21.20
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for BeagleBone SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for emPC-A/iMX6 SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for IOT2000 SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for Linux ARM SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for Linux SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for PFC100 SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for PFC200 SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for PLCnext SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for Raspberry Pi SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Control for WAGO Touch Panels 600 SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed | |
| CODESYS | Virtual Control SL |
Affected:
0.0.0.0 , < 4.17.0.0
(semver)
|
guessed |
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"product": "Control for Linux SL",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.17.0.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.0.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for PFC100 SL",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.17.0.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.0.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for PFC200 SL",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.17.0.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.0.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for PLCnext SL",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.17.0.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.0.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for Raspberry Pi SL",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.17.0.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.0.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for WAGO Touch Panels 600 SL",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.17.0.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.0.0.0",
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}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Virtual Control SL",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.17.0.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.0.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"user": "00000000-0000-4000-9000-000000000000",
"value": "Luca Borzacchiello from Nozomi Networks"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "A low-privileged attacker can remotely access the PKI folder of the CODESYS Control runtime system and thus read and write certificates and its keys. This allows sensitive data to be extracted or to accept certificates as trusted. Although all services remain available, only unencrypted communication is possible if the certificates are deleted.\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "A low-privileged attacker can remotely access the PKI folder of the CODESYS Control runtime system and thus read and write certificates and its keys. This allows sensitive data to be extracted or to accept certificates as trusted. Although all services remain available, only unencrypted communication is possible if the certificates are deleted."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW",
"baseScore": 8.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-732",
"description": "CWE-732 Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-04T08:04:04.597Z",
"orgId": "270ccfa6-a436-4e77-922e-914ec3a9685c",
"shortName": "CERTVDE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://certvde.com/de/advisories/VDE-2025-051"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "VDE-2025-051",
"defect": [
"CERT@VDE#641801"
],
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "CODESYS Control PKI Exposure Enables Remote Certificate Access",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "270ccfa6-a436-4e77-922e-914ec3a9685c",
"assignerShortName": "CERTVDE",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-41659",
"datePublished": "2025-08-04T08:04:04.597Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T11:17:48.307Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-04T16:35:32.484Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.