Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-53837 (GCVE-0-2025-53837)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 15:07 – Updated: 2026-09-18 15:07

Title

org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml has an Eval Injection issue

Summary

XWiki Rendering is a generic rendering system that converts textual input in a given syntax (wiki syntax, HTML, etc) into another syntax (XHTML, etc). Prior to versions 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1, any user who can edit their own user profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The reason is that rendering output is included as content of HTML macros without further escaping and it is thus possible to close the HTML macro and inject script macros that are executed with programming rights. This has been patched in XWiki 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1 by making sure that rendering output cannot close the surrounding HTML macro. A possible workaround is available. It is, in principle, possible to add escaping to all places where rendering output is used in wiki documents, but at the moment there is no list of them.

Severity

9.9 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/security…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/commit/9…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases…	x_refsource_MISC
https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-693	x_refsource_MISC
https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20313	x_refsource_MISC
https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20327	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
xwiki	xwiki-rendering	Affected: < 14.10.2	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "xwiki-rendering",
          "vendor": "xwiki",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 14.10.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "XWiki Rendering is a generic rendering system that converts textual input in a given syntax (wiki syntax, HTML, etc) into another syntax (XHTML, etc). Prior to versions 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1, any user who can edit their own user profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The reason is that rendering output is included as content of HTML macros without further escaping and it is thus possible to close the HTML macro and inject script macros that are executed with programming rights. This has been patched in XWiki 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1 by making sure that rendering output cannot close the surrounding HTML macro. A possible workaround is available. It is, in principle, possible to add escaping to all places where rendering output is used in wiki documents, but at the moment there is no list of them."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 9.9,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-95",
              "description": "CWE-95: Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code (\u0027Eval Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-18T15:07:40.181Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/security/advisories/GHSA-26vp-8gxg-v4pg",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/security/advisories/GHSA-26vp-8gxg-v4pg"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/commit/92bc8095ed3acce15ab200c8525e1623b4898be5",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/commit/92bc8095ed3acce15ab200c8525e1623b4898be5"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases/tag/xwiki-rendering-14.10.2",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases/tag/xwiki-rendering-14.10.2"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases/tag/xwiki-rendering-15.0-rc-1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases/tag/xwiki-rendering-15.0-rc-1"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-693",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-693"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20313",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20313"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20327",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20327"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-26vp-8gxg-v4pg",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml has an Eval Injection issue"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-53837",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-18T15:07:40.181Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-09T14:14:52.532Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-18T15:07:40.181Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "product": "xwiki-rendering",
                "vendor": "xwiki",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003c 14.10.2"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "XWiki Rendering is a generic rendering system that converts textual input in a given syntax (wiki syntax, HTML, etc) into another syntax (XHTML, etc). Prior to versions 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1, any user who can edit their own user profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The reason is that rendering output is included as content of HTML macros without further escaping and it is thus possible to close the HTML macro and inject script macros that are executed with programming rights. This has been patched in XWiki 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1 by making sure that rendering output cannot close the surrounding HTML macro. A possible workaround is available. It is, in principle, possible to add escaping to all places where rendering output is used in wiki documents, but at the moment there is no list of them."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-53837",
        "lastModified": "2026-09-18T16:17:03.527",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 9.9,
                "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "CHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.1,
              "impactScore": 6.0,
              "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-09-18T16:17:03.527",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/commit/92bc8095ed3acce15ab200c8525e1623b4898be5"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases/tag/xwiki-rendering-14.10.2"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases/tag/xwiki-rendering-15.0-rc-1"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/security/advisories/GHSA-26vp-8gxg-v4pg"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-693"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20313"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20327"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Received",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-95"
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

GHSA-26VP-8GXG-V4PG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-18 15:05 – Updated: 2026-09-18 15:05

Summary

org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml has an Eval Injection issue

Details

Impact

Any user who can edit their own user profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The reason is that rendering output is included as content of HTML macros without further escaping and it is thus possible to close the HTML macro and inject script macros that are executed with programming rights.

This can be demonstrated by adding an object of type XWiki.UIExtensionClass to a document with content {{html wiki="true"}}~{~{~/~h~t~m~l~}~}~ ~{~{~c~a~c~h~e~}~}~{~{~g~r~o~o~v~y~}~}~p~r~i~n~t~l~n~(~1~)~{~{~/~g~r~o~o~v~y~}~}~{~{~/~c~a~c~h~e~}~}{{/html}}, extension point id org.xwiki.platform.html.head, extension id org.xwiki.myuser.test and extension scope "current user". When opening <xwiki-server>/xwiki/bin/view/Main/?sheet=CKEditor.ContentSheet&xpage=plain where <xwiki-server> is the URL of the XWiki installation, the output should start with {{/html}} {{cache}}{{groovy}}println(1){{/groovy}}{{/cache}} and not with 1</p>.

This escaping was always missing at least in XWiki syntax version 2, it is definitely exploitable in XWiki 3.3 Milestone 1 via the user profile (not through extension points), though this has also been fixed by a separate patch, see the advisory. Exploitable extension points include org.xwiki.platform.search.ui.docdoesnotexist which has been added in XWiki 8.3 Milestone 1.

Patches

This has been patched in XWiki 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1 by making sure that rendering output cannot close the surrounding HTML macro.

Workarounds

It is in principle possible to add escaping to all places where rendering output is used in wiki documents but at the moment there is no list of them.

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in Jira XWiki.org * Email us at Security Mailing List

Severity

9.9 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "14.10.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53837"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-95"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-18T15:05:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nAny user who can edit their own user profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The reason is that rendering output is included as content of HTML macros without further escaping and it is thus possible to close the HTML macro and inject script macros that are executed with programming rights.\n\nThis can be demonstrated by adding an object of type `XWiki.UIExtensionClass` to a document with content `{{html wiki=\"true\"}}~{~{~/~h~t~m~l~}~}~ ~{~{~c~a~c~h~e~}~}~{~{~g~r~o~o~v~y~}~}~p~r~i~n~t~l~n~(~1~)~{~{~/~g~r~o~o~v~y~}~}~{~{~/~c~a~c~h~e~}~}{{/html}}`, extension point id `org.xwiki.platform.html.head`, extension id `org.xwiki.myuser.test` and extension scope \"current user\". When opening `\u003cxwiki-server\u003e/xwiki/bin/view/Main/?sheet=CKEditor.ContentSheet\u0026xpage=plain` where `\u003cxwiki-server\u003e` is the URL of the XWiki installation, the output should start with `{{/html}} {{cache}}{{groovy}}println(1){{/groovy}}{{/cache}}` and not with `\u00a01\u003c/p\u003e`.\n\nThis escaping was always missing at least in XWiki syntax version 2, it is definitely exploitable in XWiki 3.3 Milestone 1 via the user profile (not through extension points), though this has also been fixed by a separate patch, see the [advisory](https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-x764-ff8r-9hpx). Exploitable extension points include [`org.xwiki.platform.search.ui.docdoesnotexist`](https://www.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Documentation/DevGuide/ExtensionPoint/Suggestions%20for%20Document%20Does%20Not%20Exist/) which has been added in XWiki 8.3 Milestone 1.\n\n### Patches\nThis has been patched in XWiki 14.10.2 and 15.0 RC1 by making sure that rendering output cannot close the surrounding HTML macro.\n\n### Workarounds\nIt is in principle possible to add escaping to all places where rendering output is used in wiki documents but at the moment there is no list of them.\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [Jira XWiki.org](https://jira.xwiki.org/)\n* Email us at [Security Mailing List](mailto:security@xwiki.org)",
  "id": "GHSA-26vp-8gxg-v4pg",
  "modified": "2026-09-18T15:05:13Z",
  "published": "2026-09-18T15:05:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/security/advisories/GHSA-26vp-8gxg-v4pg"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/commit/92bc8095ed3acce15ab200c8525e1623b4898be5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases/tag/xwiki-rendering-14.10.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-rendering/releases/tag/xwiki-rendering-15.0-rc-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XRENDERING-693"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20313"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-20327"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "org.xwiki.rendering:xwiki-rendering-xml has an Eval Injection issue"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

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