CVE-2026-33557 (GCVE-0-2026-33557)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-20 13:28 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Kafka: Missing JWT token validation in OAUTHBEARER authentication
Summary
A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka.
By default, the broker property `sasl.oauthbearer.jwt.validator.class` is set to `org.apache.kafka.common.security.oauthbearer.DefaultJwtValidator`. It accepts any JWT token without validating its signature, issuer, or audience. An attacker can generate a JWT token from any issuer with the `preferred_username` set to any user, and the broker will accept it.
We advise the Kafka users using kafka v4.1.0 or v4.1.1 to set the config `sasl.oauthbearer.jwt.validator.class` to `org.apache.kafka.common.security.oauthbearer.BrokerJwtValidator` explicitly to avoid this vulnerability. Since Kafka v4.1.2 and v4.2.0 and later, the issue is fixed and will correctly validate the JWT token.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-20 14:29 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://kafka.apache.org/cve-list | vendor-advisory |
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/v57o00hm6yszdpdnv… | mailing-list |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/17/2 | |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-33557 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459739 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
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"product": "Apache Kafka",
"vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "4.1.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.1.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "\u041f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u003cpromanov1994@gmail.com\u003e"
}
],
"descriptions": [
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"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
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"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cdiv\u003eA possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka.\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv\u003eBy default, the broker property `sasl.oauthbearer.jwt.validator.class` is\u0026nbsp;set to `org.apache.kafka.common.security.oauthbearer.DefaultJwtValidator`. It accepts any JWT token without validating its\u0026nbsp;signature, issuer, or audience. An attacker can generate a JWT\u0026nbsp;token from any issuer with the `preferred_username` set to any user, and the broker will accept it.\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv\u003eWe advise the Kafka users using kafka v4.1.0 or v4.1.1 to set the config `sasl.oauthbearer.jwt.validator.class` to `org.apache.kafka.common.security.oauthbearer.BrokerJwtValidator` explicitly to avoid this vulnerability. Since Kafka v4.1.2 and v4.2.0 and later, the issue is fixed and will correctly validate the JWT token.\u003c/div\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka.\n\nBy default, the broker property `sasl.oauthbearer.jwt.validator.class` is\u00a0set to `org.apache.kafka.common.security.oauthbearer.DefaultJwtValidator`. It accepts any JWT token without validating its\u00a0signature, issuer, or audience. An attacker can generate a JWT\u00a0token from any issuer with the `preferred_username` set to any user, and the broker will accept it.\n\nWe advise the Kafka users using kafka v4.1.0 or v4.1.1 to set the config `sasl.oauthbearer.jwt.validator.class` to `org.apache.kafka.common.security.oauthbearer.BrokerJwtValidator` explicitly to avoid this vulnerability. Since Kafka v4.1.2 and v4.2.0 and later, the issue is fixed and will correctly validate the JWT token."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"text": "important"
},
"type": "Textual description of severity"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1285",
"description": "CWE-1285 Improper Validation of Specified Index, Position, or Offset in Input",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-20T13:28:43.669Z",
"orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
"shortName": "apache"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://kafka.apache.org/cve-list"
},
{
"tags": [
"mailing-list"
],
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/v57o00hm6yszdpdnvqx2ss4561yh953h"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Apache Kafka: Missing JWT token validation in OAUTHBEARER authentication",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
"assignerShortName": "apache",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-33557",
"datePublished": "2026-04-20T13:28:43.669Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-23T03:14:53.527Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-15T01:06:14.162Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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