Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-61741 (GCVE-0-2026-61741)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-24 17:48 – Updated: 2026-09-24 17:48

Title

http4s-scala-xml has an XML External Entity (XXE) processing issue

Summary

http4s-scala-xml provides `EntityDecoder[F, scala.xml.Elem]` instances that parse XML message bodies. Prior to versions 0.24.1 and 1.0.0-M39, these decoders used a `javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory` obtained from `SAXParserFactory.newInstance` without any security configuration. With the JDK's default settings, the parser resolves DOCTYPE declarations, external general and parameter entities, and external DTDs.An application that uses these decoders to parse untrusted XML is vulnerable to XML External Entity (XXE) attacks. An attacker can craft a request that discloses local files readable by the service process, performs server-side request forgery (SSRF) against internal network resources, and/or causes denial of service through entity expansion. Versions 0.24.1 and 1.0.0-M39 fix the issue.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L

CWE

CWE-611 - Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/securi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
http4s	http4s-scala-xml	Affected: < 0.24.1 Affected: >= 1.0.0-M1, < 1.0.0-M39	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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{
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        {
          "product": "http4s-scala-xml",
          "vendor": "http4s",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "\u003c 0.24.1"
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        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 9.3,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
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            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
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      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
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              "cweId": "CWE-611",
              "description": "CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-24T17:48:09.628Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
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          "tags": [
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          "url": "https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/security/advisories/GHSA-cjx3-73hr-rpw7"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-cjx3-73hr-rpw7",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "http4s-scala-xml has an XML External Entity (XXE) processing issue"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-61741",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-24T17:48:09.628Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-10T18:59:00.047Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-24T17:48:09.628Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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    "epss": {
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      "date": "2026-09-25",
      "epss": "0.00294",
      "percentile": "0.19661"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "product": "http4s-scala-xml",
                "vendor": "http4s",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003c 0.24.1"
                  },
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                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003e= 1.0.0-M1, \u003c 1.0.0-M39"
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                ]
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            "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
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        ],
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        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "http4s-scala-xml provides `EntityDecoder[F, scala.xml.Elem]` instances that parse XML message bodies. Prior to versions 0.24.1 and 1.0.0-M39, these decoders used a `javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory` obtained from `SAXParserFactory.newInstance` without any security configuration.  With the JDK\u0027s default settings, the parser resolves DOCTYPE declarations, external general and parameter entities, and external DTDs.An application that uses these decoders to parse untrusted XML is vulnerable to XML External Entity (XXE) attacks.  An attacker can craft a request that discloses local files readable by the service process, performs server-side request forgery (SSRF) against internal network resources, and/or causes denial of service through entity expansion. Versions 0.24.1 and 1.0.0-M39 fix the issue."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-61741",
        "lastModified": "2026-09-24T18:17:16.013",
        "metrics": {
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                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
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                "baseScore": 9.3,
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                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "CHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
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              "impactScore": 4.7,
              "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-09-24T18:17:16.013",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/security/advisories/GHSA-cjx3-73hr-rpw7"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Received",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-611"
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2026-61741

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-09-24 18:17 - Updated: 2026-09-24 18:17

Severity

9.3 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/security/advisories/GHSA-cjx3-73hr-rpw7

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "http4s-scala-xml",
          "vendor": "http4s",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0.24.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 1.0.0-M1, \u003c 1.0.0-M39"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "http4s-scala-xml provides `EntityDecoder[F, scala.xml.Elem]` instances that parse XML message bodies. Prior to versions 0.24.1 and 1.0.0-M39, these decoders used a `javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory` obtained from `SAXParserFactory.newInstance` without any security configuration.  With the JDK\u0027s default settings, the parser resolves DOCTYPE declarations, external general and parameter entities, and external DTDs.An application that uses these decoders to parse untrusted XML is vulnerable to XML External Entity (XXE) attacks.  An attacker can craft a request that discloses local files readable by the service process, performs server-side request forgery (SSRF) against internal network resources, and/or causes denial of service through entity expansion. Versions 0.24.1 and 1.0.0-M39 fix the issue."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-61741",
  "lastModified": "2026-09-24T18:17:16.013",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "baseScore": 9.3,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 4.7,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-09-24T18:17:16.013",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/security/advisories/GHSA-cjx3-73hr-rpw7"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-611"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CJX3-73HR-RPW7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-24 19:35 – Updated: 2026-09-24 19:35

Summary

http4s-scala-xml has an XML External Entity (XXE) processing issue

Details

http4s-scala-xml provides EntityDecoder[F, scala.xml.Elem] instances that parse XML message bodies. These decoders used a javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory obtained from SAXParserFactory.newInstance without any security configuration. With the JDK's default settings, the parser resolves DOCTYPE declarations, external general and parameter entities, and external DTDs.

An application that uses these decoders to parse untrusted XML is vulnerable to XML External Entity (XXE) attacks. An attacker can craft a request that:

discloses local files readable by the service process,
performs server-side request forgery (SSRF) against internal network resources, and/or
causes denial of service through entity expansion.

Impact

Any service that derives an XML EntityDecoder from this library and parses attacker-controlled input is affected.

Patches

The default SAXParserFactory is now hardened: - secure processing is enabled - DOCTYPE declarations are disallowed - external general/parameter entities and external DTD loading are disabled - DTD URIs are not resolved - XInclude is disabled.

These defaults match scala.xml.XMLLoader's defaults since 2.0.0.

Workarounds

Before upgrading, override ElemInstances#saxFactory with a hardened factory.

  val secured = new ElemInstances {
    override protected val saxFactory = {
      val f = javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory.newInstance
      f.setFeature("http://apache.org/xml/features/disallow-doctype-decl", true)
      // etc.
      f
    }
  }
  import secured._

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.24.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.http4s:http4s-scala-xml_2.12"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.24.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.24.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.http4s:http4s-scala-xml_2.13"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.24.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.0.0-M38.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.http4s:http4s-scala-xml_2.13"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0-M1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.0-M39"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.24.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.http4s:http4s-scala-xml_3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.24.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.0.0-M38.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.http4s:http4s-scala-xml_3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0-M1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.0-M39"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-61741"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-24T19:35:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-24T18:17:16Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "http4s-scala-xml provides `EntityDecoder[F, scala.xml.Elem]` instances that parse XML message bodies. These decoders used a `javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory` obtained from `SAXParserFactory.newInstance` without any security configuration.  With the JDK\u0027s default settings, the parser resolves DOCTYPE declarations, external general and parameter entities, and external DTDs.\n\nAn application that uses these decoders to parse untrusted XML is vulnerable to XML External Entity (XXE) attacks.  An attacker can craft a request that:\n\n- discloses local files readable by the service process,\n- performs server-side request forgery (SSRF) against internal network resources, and/or\n- causes denial of service through entity expansion.\n\n### Impact\n\nAny service that derives an XML `EntityDecoder` from this library and parses attacker-controlled input is affected.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe default SAXParserFactory is now hardened: \n- secure processing is enabled\n- `DOCTYPE` declarations are disallowed\n- external general/parameter entities and external DTD loading are disabled\n- DTD URIs are not resolved\n- XInclude is disabled.\n\nThese defaults match `scala.xml.XMLLoader`\u0027s defaults since 2.0.0.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nBefore upgrading, override `ElemInstances#saxFactory` with a hardened factory.\n\n```scala\n  val secured = new ElemInstances {\n    override protected val saxFactory = {\n      val f = javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory.newInstance\n      f.setFeature(\"http://apache.org/xml/features/disallow-doctype-decl\", true)\n      // etc.\n      f\n    }\n  }\n  import secured._\n```",
  "id": "GHSA-cjx3-73hr-rpw7",
  "modified": "2026-09-24T19:35:16Z",
  "published": "2026-09-24T19:35:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/security/advisories/GHSA-cjx3-73hr-rpw7"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-61741"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/commit/326f965a2c45fc2ddbc22545dcf551b0f719f4c8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/releases/tag/v0.24.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/http4s/http4s-scala-xml/releases/tag/v1.0.0-M39"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "http4s-scala-xml has an XML External Entity (XXE) processing issue"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-61741 (GCVE-0-2026-61741)

FKIE_CVE-2026-61741

GHSA-CJX3-73HR-RPW7

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

Tags

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Nomenclature

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