GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration

CVE-2026-90036 (GCVE-0-2026-90036)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 10:33 – Updated: 2026-09-16 14:41
VLAI
Title
NFSD: Prevent client use-after-free during blocked-lock reaping
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFSD: Prevent client use-after-free during blocked-lock reaping A bare lock owner -- its only remaining reference a blocked lock on nn->blocked_locks_lru -- holds a raw pointer to its nfs4_client but no reference keeping the client alive. When the per-net laundromat reaps such a lock, freeing the nbl drops the owner reference held through flc_owner, and the final nfs4_put_stateowner() takes the client's cl_lock. Because the laundromat detaches the nbl first, __destroy_client() no longer finds it, so a concurrent force_expire_client() can free the client before nfs4_put_stateowner() runs, dereferencing cl_lock in freed memory. Pin the client with cl_rpc_users before dropping nn->blocked_locks_lock, and skip clients already expiring, whose blocked locks __destroy_client() frees while holding an owner reference. Take nn->client_lock outside nn->blocked_locks_lock. Every other site holds nn->blocked_locks_lock as a leaf, acquiring no further lock, so placing nn->client_lock outside it cannot form a lock-order cycle.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b , < cd489b03587378645fe0d20142a33f1ed60bac98 (git)
Affected: 7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b , < 6fedb2eaff77554ca7a0deffd2e8bc0d6e8b38b0 (git)
Affected: 7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b , < 9026932ac8be4d0ae01db47f23619a98cc57b671 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 4.9
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.51 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.5 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3-rc1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/nfsd/nfs4state.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "cd489b03587378645fe0d20142a33f1ed60bac98",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6fedb2eaff77554ca7a0deffd2e8bc0d6e8b38b0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "9026932ac8be4d0ae01db47f23619a98cc57b671",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/nfsd/nfs4state.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.9"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.9",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.51",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3-rc1",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.51",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3-rc1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.9",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nNFSD: Prevent client use-after-free during blocked-lock reaping\n\nA bare lock owner -- its only remaining reference a blocked lock on\nnn-\u003eblocked_locks_lru -- holds a raw pointer to its nfs4_client but\nno reference keeping the client alive. When the per-net laundromat\nreaps such a lock, freeing the nbl drops the owner reference\nheld through flc_owner, and the final nfs4_put_stateowner()\ntakes the client\u0027s cl_lock. Because the laundromat detaches the\nnbl first, __destroy_client() no longer finds it, so a concurrent\nforce_expire_client() can free the client before nfs4_put_stateowner()\nruns, dereferencing cl_lock in freed memory.\n\nPin the client with cl_rpc_users before dropping\nnn-\u003eblocked_locks_lock, and skip clients already expiring, whose\nblocked locks __destroy_client() frees while holding an owner\nreference. Take nn-\u003eclient_lock outside nn-\u003eblocked_locks_lock.\nEvery other site holds nn-\u003eblocked_locks_lock as a leaf, acquiring\nno further lock, so placing nn-\u003eclient_lock outside it cannot form\na lock-order cycle."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - NFSD is the in-kernel NFS server; the UAF is reached by remote NFSv4.1 COMPOUND RPCs over TCP/UDP 2049 (EXCHANGE_ID, CREATE_SESSION, OPEN, blocking LOCK, DESTROY_SESSION, DESTROY_CLIENTID) that queue a blocked lock and expire the client while nfs4_laundromat() reaps it.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides: one client holds a conflicting lock while another queues a FILE_LOCK_DEFERRED blocked lock (bare lockowner), then DESTROY_CLIENTID races with laundromat free_blocked_lock() after nbl detach; concurrent compounds create the race and it is retryable.\nPR:N - Typical nfsd deployments use AUTH_SYS/AUTH_NULL with no cryptographic RPC authentication. A remote peer that can reach an export can create NFSv4.1 state and issue DESTROY_CLIENTID (ALLOWED_WITHOUT_FH) without a local account or kernel capabilities on the server.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires only attacker-sent NFS RPCs against a running nfsd export. No victim user action such as mounting a filesystem or opening a local file on the server is required.\nS:U - The use-after-free is of struct nfs4_client in the NFS server kernel and does not cross a separate security authority such as a VM, guest/host, sandbox, or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - free_blocked_lock() drops flc_owner into nfs4_put_stateowner(), which takes cl_lock on a nfs4_client already freed by concurrent expire_client(). The mergeable client_slab object (KMEM_CACHE flags 0) can be reclaimed via EXCHANGE_ID to disclose kernel memory.\nI:H - nfs4_put_stateowner() does atomic_dec_and_lock on the freed client\u0027s cl_lock and so_unhash walks client-owned lists; reclaiming the nfs4_client slab enables heap corruption and control-flow hijack. Kernel guidance scores use-after-free as I:H.\nA:H - Use-after-free of nfs4_client (spin_lock of freed cl_lock) in the laundromat worker oopses or panics the NFS server even without full exploitation, fully denying service of the host."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T14:41:47.831Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cd489b03587378645fe0d20142a33f1ed60bac98"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6fedb2eaff77554ca7a0deffd2e8bc0d6e8b38b0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9026932ac8be4d0ae01db47f23619a98cc57b671"
        }
      ],
      "title": "NFSD: Prevent client use-after-free during blocked-lock reaping",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-90036",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-16T10:33:35.967Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-11T19:38:34.782Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T14:41:47.831Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-90036\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-09-16T11:17:16.803\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-09-16T15:18:26.420\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nNFSD: Prevent client use-after-free during blocked-lock reaping\\n\\nA bare lock owner -- its only remaining reference a blocked lock on\\nnn-\u003eblocked_locks_lru -- holds a raw pointer to its nfs4_client but\\nno reference keeping the client alive. When the per-net laundromat\\nreaps such a lock, freeing the nbl drops the owner reference\\nheld through flc_owner, and the final nfs4_put_stateowner()\\ntakes the client\u0027s cl_lock. Because the laundromat detaches the\\nnbl first, __destroy_client() no longer finds it, so a concurrent\\nforce_expire_client() can free the client before nfs4_put_stateowner()\\nruns, dereferencing cl_lock in freed memory.\\n\\nPin the client with cl_rpc_users before dropping\\nnn-\u003eblocked_locks_lock, and skip clients already expiring, whose\\nblocked locks __destroy_client() frees while holding an owner\\nreference. Take nn-\u003eclient_lock outside nn-\u003eblocked_locks_lock.\\nEvery other site holds nn-\u003eblocked_locks_lock as a leaf, acquiring\\nno further lock, so placing nn-\u003eclient_lock outside it cannot form\\na lock-order cycle.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/nfsd/nfs4state.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b\",\"lessThan\":\"cd489b03587378645fe0d20142a33f1ed60bac98\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b\",\"lessThan\":\"6fedb2eaff77554ca7a0deffd2e8bc0d6e8b38b0\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7919d0a27f1e7cb324e023776aa1cbff00f1ee7b\",\"lessThan\":\"9026932ac8be4d0ae01db47f23619a98cc57b671\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/nfsd/nfs4state.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.9\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.9\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.51\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2.5\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.2.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.3-rc1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6fedb2eaff77554ca7a0deffd2e8bc0d6e8b38b0\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9026932ac8be4d0ae01db47f23619a98cc57b671\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cd489b03587378645fe0d20142a33f1ed60bac98\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}"
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.