GSD-2021-22942
Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2021-08-19 00:00Details
There is a possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization
middleware in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE
identifier CVE-2021-22942.
Versions Affected: >= 6.0.0.
Not affected: < 6.0.0
Fixed Versions: 6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1
Impact
------
Specially crafted “X-Forwarded-Host” headers in combination with certain
“allowed host” formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in
Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.
Impacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot.
For example, configuration files that look like this:
```ruby
config.hosts << '.EXAMPLE.com'
```
When an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted
Host header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.
This vulnerability is similar to CVE-2021-22881, but CVE-2021-22881 did not
take in to account domain name case sensitivity.
Releases
--------
The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.
Workarounds
-----------
In the case a patch can’t be applied, the following monkey patch can be
used in an initializer:
```ruby
module ActionDispatch
class HostAuthorization
HOSTNAME = /[a-z0-9.-]+|\[[a-f0-9]*:[a-f0-9.:]+\]/i
VALID_ORIGIN_HOST = /\A(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\d+)?\z/
VALID_FORWARDED_HOST = /(?:\A|,[]?)(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\d+)?\z/
private
def authorized?(request)
origin_host =
request.get_header("HTTP_HOST")&.slice(VALID_ORIGIN_HOST, 1) || ""
forwarded_host =
request.x_forwarded_host&.slice(VALID_FORWARDED_HOST, 1) || ""
@permissions.allows?(origin_host) &&
(forwarded_host.blank? || @permissions.allows?(forwarded_host))
end
end
end
```
Aliases
Aliases
{
"GSD": {
"alias": "CVE-2021-22942",
"description": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack \u003e= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website.",
"id": "GSD-2021-22942",
"references": [
"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-22942.html",
"https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2021-22942",
"https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372"
]
},
"gsd": {
"metadata": {
"exploitCode": "unknown",
"remediation": "unknown",
"reportConfidence": "confirmed",
"type": "vulnerability"
},
"osvSchema": {
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "actionpack",
"purl": "pkg:gem/actionpack"
}
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22942",
"GHSA-2rqw-v265-jf8c"
],
"details": "There is a possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization\nmiddleware in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE\nidentifier CVE-2021-22942.\n\nVersions Affected: \u003e= 6.0.0.\nNot affected: \u003c 6.0.0\nFixed Versions: 6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1\n\nImpact\n------\n\nSpecially crafted \u201cX-Forwarded-Host\u201d headers in combination with certain\n\u201callowed host\u201d formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in\nAction Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.\n\nImpacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot.\nFor example, configuration files that look like this:\n\n```ruby\nconfig.hosts \u003c\u003c \u0027.EXAMPLE.com\u0027\n```\n\nWhen an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted\nHost header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.\n\nThis vulnerability is similar to CVE-2021-22881, but CVE-2021-22881 did not\ntake in to account domain name case sensitivity.\n\nReleases\n--------\n\nThe fixed releases are available at the normal locations.\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\n\nIn the case a patch can\u2019t be applied, the following monkey patch can be\nused in an initializer:\n\n```ruby\nmodule ActionDispatch\n class HostAuthorization\n HOSTNAME = /[a-z0-9.-]+|\\[[a-f0-9]*:[a-f0-9.:]+\\]/i\n VALID_ORIGIN_HOST = /\\A(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\\d+)?\\z/\n VALID_FORWARDED_HOST = /(?:\\A|,[]?)(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\\d+)?\\z/\n\n private\n def authorized?(request)\n origin_host =\n request.get_header(\"HTTP_HOST\")\u0026.slice(VALID_ORIGIN_HOST, 1) || \"\"\n forwarded_host =\n request.x_forwarded_host\u0026.slice(VALID_FORWARDED_HOST, 1) || \"\"\n @permissions.allows?(origin_host) \u0026\u0026\n (forwarded_host.blank? || @permissions.allows?(forwarded_host))\n end\n end\nend\n```\n",
"id": "GSD-2021-22942",
"modified": "2021-08-19T00:00:00.000Z",
"published": "2021-08-19T00:00:00.000Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/wB5tRn7h36c"
}
],
"related": [
"CVE-2021-22881"
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": 7.6,
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Possible Open Redirect in Host Authorization Middleware"
}
},
"namespaces": {
"cve.org": {
"CVE_data_meta": {
"ASSIGNER": "support@hackerone.com",
"ID": "CVE-2021-22942",
"STATE": "PUBLIC"
},
"affects": {
"vendor": {
"vendor_data": [
{
"product": {
"product_data": [
{
"product_name": "https://github.com/rails/rails",
"version": {
"version_data": [
{
"version_value": "6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1"
}
]
}
}
]
},
"vendor_name": "n/a"
}
]
}
},
"data_format": "MITRE",
"data_type": "CVE",
"data_version": "4.0",
"description": {
"description_data": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack \u003e= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website."
}
]
},
"problemtype": {
"problemtype_data": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "Open Redirect (CWE-601)"
}
]
}
]
},
"references": {
"reference_data": [
{
"name": "https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/"
},
{
"name": "[oss-security] 20211214 [CVE-2021-44528] Possible Open Redirect in Host Authorization Middleware",
"refsource": "MLIST",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5372",
"refsource": "DEBIAN",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372"
},
{
"name": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240202-0005/",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240202-0005/"
}
]
}
},
"github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db": {
"cve": "2021-22942",
"cvss_v3": 7.6,
"date": "2021-08-19",
"description": "There is a possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization\nmiddleware in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE\nidentifier CVE-2021-22942.\n\nVersions Affected: \u003e= 6.0.0.\nNot affected: \u003c 6.0.0\nFixed Versions: 6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1\n\nImpact\n------\n\nSpecially crafted \u201cX-Forwarded-Host\u201d headers in combination with certain\n\u201callowed host\u201d formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in\nAction Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.\n\nImpacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot.\nFor example, configuration files that look like this:\n\n```ruby\nconfig.hosts \u003c\u003c \u0027.EXAMPLE.com\u0027\n```\n\nWhen an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted\nHost header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.\n\nThis vulnerability is similar to CVE-2021-22881, but CVE-2021-22881 did not\ntake in to account domain name case sensitivity.\n\nReleases\n--------\n\nThe fixed releases are available at the normal locations.\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\n\nIn the case a patch can\u2019t be applied, the following monkey patch can be\nused in an initializer:\n\n```ruby\nmodule ActionDispatch\n class HostAuthorization\n HOSTNAME = /[a-z0-9.-]+|\\[[a-f0-9]*:[a-f0-9.:]+\\]/i\n VALID_ORIGIN_HOST = /\\A(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\\d+)?\\z/\n VALID_FORWARDED_HOST = /(?:\\A|,[]?)(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\\d+)?\\z/\n\n private\n def authorized?(request)\n origin_host =\n request.get_header(\"HTTP_HOST\")\u0026.slice(VALID_ORIGIN_HOST, 1) || \"\"\n forwarded_host =\n request.x_forwarded_host\u0026.slice(VALID_FORWARDED_HOST, 1) || \"\"\n @permissions.allows?(origin_host) \u0026\u0026\n (forwarded_host.blank? || @permissions.allows?(forwarded_host))\n end\n end\nend\n```\n",
"framework": "rails",
"gem": "actionpack",
"ghsa": "2rqw-v265-jf8c",
"patched_versions": [
"~\u003e 6.0.4, \u003e= 6.0.4.1",
"\u003e= 6.1.4.1"
],
"related": {
"cve": [
"2021-22881"
]
},
"title": "Possible Open Redirect in Host Authorization Middleware",
"unaffected_versions": [
"\u003c 6.0.0"
],
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/wB5tRn7h36c"
},
"gitlab.com": {
"advisories": [
{
"affected_range": "\u003e=6.0.0 \u003c=6.0.4||\u003e=6.1.0 \u003c=6.1.4",
"affected_versions": "All versions starting from 6.0.0 up to 6.0.4, all versions starting from 6.1.0 up to 6.1.4",
"cvss_v2": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N",
"cvss_v3": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1035",
"CWE-601",
"CWE-937"
],
"date": "2021-12-15",
"description": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack \u003e= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website.",
"fixed_versions": [
"6.0.4.1",
"6.1.4.1"
],
"identifier": "CVE-2021-22942",
"identifiers": [
"GHSA-2rqw-v265-jf8c",
"CVE-2021-22942"
],
"not_impacted": "All versions before 6.0.0, all versions after 6.0.4 before 6.1.0, all versions after 6.1.4",
"package_slug": "gem/actionpack",
"pubdate": "2021-08-26",
"solution": "Upgrade to versions 6.0.4.1, 6.1.4.1 or above.",
"title": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
"urls": [
"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22942",
"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2021-22942",
"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionpack/CVE-2021-22942.yml",
"https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/wB5tRn7h36c",
"https://rubygems.org/gems/actionpack",
"https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/",
"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5",
"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2rqw-v265-jf8c"
],
"uuid": "38e3f4f9-ca8c-4d72-974a-d8e9904bb847"
},
{
"affected_range": "\u003e=6.0.0 \u003c6.0.4.1||\u003e=6.1.0 \u003c6.1.4.1",
"affected_versions": "All versions starting from 6.0.0 before 6.0.4.1, all versions starting from 6.1.0 before 6.1.4.1",
"cvss_v2": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N",
"cvss_v3": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1035",
"CWE-601",
"CWE-937"
],
"date": "2023-03-14",
"description": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website.",
"fixed_versions": [
"6.0.4.1",
"6.1.4.1"
],
"identifier": "CVE-2021-22942",
"identifiers": [
"CVE-2021-22942"
],
"not_impacted": "All versions before 6.0.0, all versions starting from 6.0.4.1 before 6.1.0, all versions starting from 6.1.4.1",
"package_slug": "gem/rails",
"pubdate": "2021-10-18",
"solution": "Upgrade to versions 6.0.4.1, 6.1.4.1 or above.",
"title": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
"urls": [
"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22942",
"https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/"
],
"uuid": "e453405c-629c-4052-99c3-d335c8790563"
}
]
},
"nvd.nist.gov": {
"cve": {
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "8AB5441B-36FB-4F96-B958-E36F4A15E510",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.0.4.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "9D495715-8C1F-4734-AA73-A6F82E181AF2",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.4.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.1.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack \u003e= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Se presenta una posible vulnerabilidad de redireccionamiento abierto en el middleware Host Authorization de Action Pack versiones posteriores a 6.0.0 incluy\u00e9ndola, que podr\u00eda permitir a atacantes redirigir a usuarios a un sitio web malicioso"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2021-22942",
"lastModified": "2024-02-02T14:15:53.073",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV2": [
{
"acInsufInfo": false,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"cvssData": {
"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
"accessVector": "NETWORK",
"authentication": "NONE",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 5.8,
"confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N",
"version": "2.0"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 8.6,
"impactScore": 4.9,
"obtainAllPrivilege": false,
"obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
"obtainUserPrivilege": false,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary",
"userInteractionRequired": true
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
"impactScore": 2.7,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2021-10-18T13:15:09.323",
"references": [
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Patch",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240202-0005/"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Mitigation",
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "support@hackerone.com",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-601"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-601"
}
],
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
Loading…