The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Cyber National Mission Force (CNMF), and National Security Agency (NSA) assess that People’s Republic of China (PRC)-linked cyber actors have compromised thousands of Internet-connected devices, including small office/home office (SOHO) routers, firewalls, network-attached storage (NAS) and Internet of Things (IoT) devices with the goal of creating a network of compromised nodes (a “botnet”) positioned for malicious activity. The actors may then use the botnet as a proxy to conceal their identities while deploying distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks or compromising targeted U.S. networks. Integrity Technology Group, a PRC-based company, has controlled and managed a botnet active since mid- 2021. The botnet has regularly maintained between tens to hundreds of thousands of compromised devices. As of June 2024, the botnet consisted of over 260,000 devices. Victim devices part of the botnet have been observed in North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Southeast Asia and Australia. While devices aged beyond their end-of-life dates are known to be more vulnerable to intrusion, many of the compromised devices in the Integrity Tech controlled botnet are likely still supported by their respective vendors. FBI, CNMF, NSA, and allied partners are releasing this Joint Cyber Security Advisory to highlight the threat posed by these actors and their botnet activity and to encourage exposed device vendors, owners, and operators to update and secure their devices from being compromised and joining the botnet. Network defenders are advised to follow the guidance in the mitigations section to protect against the PRC-linked cyber actors’ botnet activity. Cyber security companies can also leverage the information in this advisory to assist with identifying malicious activity and reducing the number of devices present in botnets worldwide. For additional information, see U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) press release.

https://media.defense.gov/2024/Sep/18/2003547016/-1/-1/0/CSA-PRC-LINKED-ACTORS-BOTNET.PDF

Related vulnerabilities: CVE-2024-5217CVE-2024-4577CVE-2023-47218CVE-2024-29269CVE-2023-50386CVE-2024-29973CVE-2024-21762

Two critical vulnerabilities in Cisco's Smart Licensing Utility allow remote, unauthenticated attackers to gain privileges or access sensitive data.

Vulnerabilities:

• CVE-2024-20439 (CVSS: 9.8): An undocumented static admin account can be exploited to access affected systems.
• CVE-2024-20440 (CVSS: 7.5): An overly verbose debug log can be exploited via a crafted HTTP request, exposing API credentials.

⚠️ These issues are only exploitable if the licensing utility is actively running. Cisco strongly advises updating systems to mitigate these threats.

Related vulnerabilities: CVE-2024-20440CVE-2024-20439

Zyxel has released patches addressing multiple vulnerabilities in some firewall versions. Users are advised to install the patches for optimal protection.

Related vulnerabilities: CVE-2024-6343CVE-2024-7203CVE-2024-42057CVE-2024-42058CVE-2024-42059CVE-2024-42060CVE-2024-42061

• KB1648313 CVE-2024-5217 - Incomplete Input Validation in GlideExpression Script 2024-07-10
• KB1648312 CVE-2024-5178 - Incomplete Input Validation in SecurelyAccess API 2024-07-10
• KB1645154 CVE-2024-4879 - Jelly Template Injection Vulnerability in ServiceNow UI Macros 2024-07-10

CVE-2024-4879 sounds to be the most serious vulnerability allowing RCE for non-authenticated users.

ref: https://support.servicenow.com/kb?id=kb_article_view&sysparm_article=KB1226057

Related vulnerabilities: CVE-2024-5217CVE-2024-5178CVE-2024-4879

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-27316: Apache HTTP Server: HTTP/2 DoS by memory exhaustion on endless continuation frames (cve.mitre.org) HTTP/2 incoming headers exceeding the limit are temporarily buffered in nghttp2 in order to generate an informative HTTP 413 response. If a client does not stop sending headers, this leads to memory exhaustion. Credits: Bartek Nowotarski (https://nowotarski.info/)

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-24795: Apache HTTP Server: HTTP Response Splitting in multiple modules (cve.mitre.org) HTTP Response splitting in multiple modules in Apache HTTP Server allows an attacker that can inject malicious response headers into backend applications to cause an HTTP desynchronization attack.

Related vulnerabilities: CVE-2024-36387CVE-2024-24795

A set of vulnerabilities discovered before version 2.4.59 and fixed in Apache httpd 2.4.60

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-39573: Apache HTTP Server: mod_rewrite proxy handler substitution (cve.mitre.org) Potential SSRF in mod_rewrite in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier allows an attacker to cause unsafe RewriteRules to unexpectedly setup URL's to be handled by mod_proxy. Credits: Orange Tsai (@orange_8361) from DEVCORE
• SECURITY: CVE-2024-38477: Apache HTTP Server: Crash resulting in Denial of Service in mod_proxy via a malicious request (cve.mitre.org) null pointer dereference in mod_proxy in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier allows an attacker to crash the server via a malicious request. Credits: Orange Tsai (@orange_8361) from DEVCORE

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-38476: Apache HTTP Server may use exploitable/malicious backend application output to run local handlers via internal redirect (cve.mitre.org) Vulnerability in core of Apache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier are vulnerably to information disclosure, SSRF or local script execution via backend applications whose response headers are malicious or exploitable.

  Note: Some legacy uses of the 'AddType' directive to connect a request to a handler must be ported to 'AddHandler' after this fix.

  Credits: Orange Tsai (@orange_8361) from DEVCORE

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-38475: Apache HTTP Server weakness in mod_rewrite when first segment of substitution matches filesystem path. (cve.mitre.org) Improper escaping of output in mod_rewrite in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier allows an attacker to map URLs to filesystem locations that are permitted to be served by the server but are not intentionally/directly reachable by any URL, resulting in code execution or source code disclosure. Substitutions in server context that use a backreferences or variables as the first segment of the substitution are affected. Some unsafe RewiteRules will be broken by this change and the rewrite flag "UnsafePrefixStat" can be used to opt back in once ensuring the substitution is appropriately constrained. Credits: Orange Tsai (@orange_8361) from DEVCORE

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-38474: Apache HTTP Server weakness with encoded question marks in backreferences (cve.mitre.org) Substitution encoding issue in mod_rewrite in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier allows attacker to execute scripts in directories permitted by the configuration but not directly reachable by any URL or source disclosure of scripts meant to only to be executed as CGI.

  Note: Some RewriteRules that capture and substitute unsafely will now fail unless rewrite flag "UnsafeAllow3F" is specified.

  Credits: Orange Tsai (@orange_8361) from DEVCORE

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-38473: Apache HTTP Server proxy encoding problem (cve.mitre.org) Encoding problem in mod_proxy in Apache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier allows request URLs with incorrect encoding to be sent to backend services, potentially bypassing authentication via crafted requests. Credits: Orange Tsai (@orange_8361) from DEVCORE

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-38472: Apache HTTP Server on WIndows UNC SSRF (cve.mitre.org) SSRF in Apache HTTP Server on Windows allows to potentially leak NTML hashes to a malicious server via SSRF and malicious requests or content

  Note: Existing configurations that access UNC paths will have to configure new directive "UNCList" to allow access during request processing.

  Credits: Orange Tsai (@orange_8361) from DEVCORE

• SECURITY: CVE-2024-36387: Apache HTTP Server: DoS by Null pointer in websocket over HTTP/2 (cve.mitre.org) Serving WebSocket protocol upgrades over a HTTP/2 connection could result in a Null Pointer dereference, leading to a crash of the server process, degrading performance. Credits: Marc Stern ()

Related vulnerabilities: CVE-2024-39573CVE-2024-38477CVE-2024-38476CVE-2024-38475CVE-2024-38474CVE-2024-38473CVE-2024-38472CVE-2024-36387