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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1336

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.

432 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-71239 (GCVE-0-2026-71239)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 10:56 – Updated: 2026-08-10 11:45
VLAI
Title
DjangoCRM - Server-Side Template Injection in Mass Mail Message Rendering
Summary
DjangoCRM's massmail module renders user-controlled EmlMessage fields (subject, content) through Django's Template constructor with no sanitization, in at least three locations: message_previews.py builds an f-string embedding message.subject/message.content directly into a Template call; email_creators.py passes eml_message.subject directly as a template string to Template; and helpers.py contains the same f-string interpolation pattern.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-05 12:56 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://github.com/DjangoCRM/django-crm third-party-advisory
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-05 10:56
Credits
Mirdavlatov Mira'zam
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-69118 (GCVE-0-2026-69118)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 19:42 – Updated: 2026-08-11 17:51 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Cachet 2.4.1 Authenticated Server-Side Template Injection RCE
Summary
Cachet through 2.4.1 contains a server-side template injection vulnerability in incident template rendering that allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code. Attackers can create malicious incident templates with Blade directives or Twig filters that execute system commands when incidents are created, achieving remote code execution as the web server process.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 17:44 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
  • CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
cachethq cachet Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.4.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-01 00:00
Credits
George Chen
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-66613 (GCVE-0-2026-66613)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 12:38 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:57
VLAI
Title
WordPress JetEngine plugin <= 3.8.14 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability
Summary
Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) in JetEngine <= 3.8.14 versions.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 15:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Crocoblock. Jetimpex Inc. JetEngine Affected: n/a , ≤ 3.8.14 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
dutafi | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-65974 (GCVE-0-2026-65974)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 20:44 – Updated: 2026-08-18 14:17
VLAI
Title
ERPNext: Server-Side Template Injection leading to Remote Code Execution
Summary
ERPNext is a free and open source Enterprise Resource Planning tool. Prior to 15.111.0 and 16.22.0, limited authenticated users can cross a permission boundary in Frappe safe execution because frappe.render_template is exposed without forcing restrict_globals, allowing server-side template injection and remote code execution. This issue is fixed in versions 15.111.0 and 16.22.0.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 14:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
frappe erpnext Affected: < 15.111.0
Affected: >= 16.0.0, < 16.22.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-63728 (GCVE-0-2026-63728)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 23:32 – Updated: 2026-07-22 13:55
VLAI
Title
Gitleaks Secret Exfiltration via Non-Hermetic Sprig Template Functions in Report Template Feature
Summary
Gitleaks prior to 8.30.1 contains a template injection vulnerability that allows attackers who can supply or influence report templates to read arbitrary environment variables and exfiltrate sensitive data by leveraging non-hermetic Sprig template functions. Attackers can craft malicious report templates using the env, expandenv, and getHostByName functions to extract credentials, tokens, and API keys from the host process and exfiltrate them through DNS queries, including secrets discovered during the scan itself.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-22 13:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
gitleaks gitleaks Affected: 0 , < 8.30.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-20 00:00
Credits
Fatih Çelik
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-62682 (GCVE-0-2026-62682)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:40 – Updated: 2026-08-19 18:19
VLAI
Title
Orval: RCE via servers[].url -> unescaped request-URL template literal (with getBaseUrlFromSpecification)
Summary
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, an unescaped backtick in servers[0].url is emitted into request URL template literals generated when output.baseUrl.getBaseUrlFromSpecification is enabled without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when a generated request or URL-builder function is called, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/core/src/getters/route.ts function getFullRoute. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 18:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
orval-labs orval Affected: < 8.21.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-62681 (GCVE-0-2026-62681)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:31 – Updated: 2026-08-21 19:42
VLAI
Title
Orval: RCE via OpenAPI path -> unescaped request-URL template literal (backtick breakout)
Summary
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, an unescaped backtick in an OpenAPI path is emitted into request URL template literals generated for axios, fetch, react-query, and SWR clients without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when a generated request, URL-builder, or query-key function is called, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/core/src/getters/route.ts and route generation consumers. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 19:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
orval-labs orval Affected: < 8.21.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-59989 (GCVE-0-2026-59989)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 20:25 – Updated: 2026-08-27 16:24
VLAI
Title
Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI lead to RCE)
Summary
Phalcon is a high-performance, full-stack PHP framework. In 5.15.0 and earlier, resolveFilter in phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep builds the join filter by inserting the raw separator and array token values into generated PHP without passing them through expression(). An attacker who can influence Volt template source can place quote-breaking content in a join argument, inject PHP into the compiled cache file, and execute it when Phalcon\Mvc\View\Engine\Volt::render() loads the template. This issue is fixed in version 5.16.0.
Severity
9.2 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 03:56 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
phalcon cphalcon Affected: < 5.16.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-57170 (GCVE-0-2026-57170)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 23:18 – Updated: 2026-08-28 22:41
VLAI
Title
Trestle SSTI in Jinja2 include tags allows arbitrary code execution (Incomplete fix of CVE-2026-46439)
Summary
Compliance-trestle (Trestle) is a Python SDK and command-line tool for managing OSCAL compliance documents. In versions prior to 3.12.4 and 4.0.0 through 4.0.3, the custom Jinja2 include tags mdsection_include and md_clean_include re-parse the content of an included Markdown file as Jinja2 template code in a non-sandboxed environment, allowing server-side template injection that can lead to arbitrary code execution. The MDSectionInclude and MDCleanInclude tags in Trestle/core/jinja/tags.py pass included file content to Parser(self.environment, ...).parse(), splicing it into the host template's compilation, and the environment is a plain jinja2.Environment rather than a SandboxedEnvironment, so any expressions in the file are evaluated with full access to the usual SSTI gadget chain. Because Trestle's Markdown writers emit OSCAL prose and component-description fields verbatim, applying delimiter neutralization only to parameter tables, attacker-controlled OSCAL data such as a control statement, part prose, or component description containing Jinja2 syntax flows into an included Markdown file and is executed when the include tag re-parses it. This issue is fixed in version 4.1.0.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 22:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
oscal-compass compliance-trestle Affected: < 3.12.4
Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.1.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-55794 (GCVE-0-2026-55794)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-01 23:26 – Updated: 2026-07-02 12:41
VLAI
Title
Craft CMS: Potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via referrer redirect
Summary
Craft CMS is a content management system (CMS). In versions 5.9.0 and above prior to 5.10.0, control panel users with the ability to edit entries can execute unsandboxed Twig code via the HTTP Referrer header, potentially leading to authenticated RCE. The issue happens when a user is saving entries. Strings for a signed redirect URL are being compiled as a Twig template via renderObjectTemplate(), and while a sandboxed alternative already exists (renderSandboxedObjectTemplate()), it is not used in this case. This signed URL can be specified by users, as it is reflected in the “Referer” HTTP request header, which is under attacker control. This issue has been fixed in version 5.10.0.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-02 12:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
craftcms cms Affected: >= 5.9.0, < 5.10.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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