Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-441
Allowed-with-ReviewUnintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product receives a request, message, or directive from an upstream component, but the product does not sufficiently preserve the original source of the request before forwarding the request to an external actor that is outside of the product's control sphere. This causes the product to appear to be the source of the request, leading it to act as a proxy or other intermediary between the upstream component and the external actor.
217 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-64125 (GCVE-0-2025-64125)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-03 00:21 – Updated: 2026-01-05 20:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nuvation Energy nCloud Client-to-Client Communication
Summary
A vulnerability in Nuvation Energy nCloud VPN Service allowed Network Boundary Bridging.This issue affected the nCloud VPN Service and was fixed on 2025-12-1 (December, 2025). End users do not have to take any action to mitigate the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-05 20:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-441 - Unintended Proxy or Intermediary
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nuvation Energy | nCloud VPN Service |
Affected:
2025-12-1
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-64123 (GCVE-0-2025-64123)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-02 21:41 – Updated: 2026-01-05 20:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller Proxy service allows arbitrary BMS access
Summary
Unintended Proxy or Intermediary vulnerability in Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller (MSC) allows Network Boundary Bridging.This issue affects Multi-Stack Controller (MSC): through and including release 2.5.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-05 20:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-441 - Unintended Proxy or Intermediary
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nuvation Energy | Multi-Stack Controller (MSC) |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.5.1
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-62718 (GCVE-0-2025-62718)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 14:31 – Updated: 2026-09-10 12:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Axios has a NO_PROXY Hostname Normalization Bypass that Leads to SSRF
Summary
Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.0 and 0.31.0, Axios does not correctly handle hostname normalization when checking NO_PROXY rules. Requests to loopback addresses like localhost. (with a trailing dot) or [::1] (IPv6 literal) skip NO_PROXY matching and go through the configured proxy. This goes against what developers expect and lets attackers force requests through a proxy, even if NO_PROXY is set up to protect loopback or internal services. This issue leads to the possibility of proxy bypass and SSRF vulnerabilities allowing attackers to reach sensitive loopback or internal services despite the configured protections. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.0 and 0.31.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-09 15:02 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
44 references
Impacted products
78 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| axios | axios |
Affected:
>= 1.0.0, < 1.15.0
Affected: < 0.31.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.5.20260422-3.el8ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.5.20260422-3.el9ap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Streams for Apache Kafka 3.2.0 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3.2::el9
|
|
| Red Hat | Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0 |
Unaffected:
1781116645 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cluster_observability_operator:1.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0 |
Unaffected:
1781116658 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cluster_observability_operator:1.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0 |
Unaffected:
1781116387 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cluster_observability_operator:1.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0 |
Unaffected:
1781116392 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cluster_observability_operator:1.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0 |
Unaffected:
1781116667 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:cluster_observability_operator:1.5::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1778511348 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | multicluster engine for Kubernetes 2.8 |
Unaffected:
1778383863 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine:2.8::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Network Observability (NETOBSERV) 1.11.0 |
Unaffected:
1778508956 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:network_observ_optr:1.11::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Network Observability (NETOBSERV) 1.11.0 |
Unaffected:
1778510461 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:network_observ_optr:1.11::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.14 |
Unaffected:
1783451729 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.14::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.9 |
Unaffected:
1779371594 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.9::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes 4.10 |
Unaffected:
1779293013 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.10::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 |
Unaffected:
1780082949 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1779784904 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1787184682 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.6::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8 |
Unaffected:
1776784286 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1.8::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 |
Unaffected:
1777903262 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1.9::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Discovery 2 |
Unaffected:
1778156756 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Migration Toolkit 1.8 |
Unaffected:
1783690532 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhmt:1.8::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 |
Unaffected:
1780467029 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 |
Unaffected:
1780467147 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1779189627 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1778473763 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1778666987 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1776744110 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 |
Unaffected:
1776795511 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_devspaces:3.27::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1776202125 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:2.6::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 2.6 |
Unaffected:
1776191302 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:2.6::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.0 |
Unaffected:
1776151124 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.0 |
Unaffected:
1776151272 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.1 |
Unaffected:
1776151106 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.1 |
Unaffected:
1776151270 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.2 |
Unaffected:
1776155669 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.2 |
Unaffected:
1776149682 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1776151134 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1776151277 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.10 |
Unaffected:
1779822261 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.10::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.12 |
Unaffected:
1779811412 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.12::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.14 |
Unaffected:
1779689392 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.14::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.15 |
Unaffected:
1780891395 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.15::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.16 |
Unaffected:
1779204086 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.17 |
Unaffected:
1779922205 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.17::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3.9 |
Unaffected:
1779811473 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3.9::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.3 |
Unaffected:
1779971506 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1.3::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Gatekeeper 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:gatekeeper:3
|
|
| Red Hat | Migration Toolkit for Applications 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:migration_toolkit_applications:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine
|
|
| Red Hat | Network Observability Operator |
cpe:/a:redhat:network_observ_optr:1
|
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Pipelines |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_pipelines:1
|
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Service Mesh 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:2
|
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Service Mesh 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_mesh:3
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_3scale_amp:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:service_registry:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apicurio_registry:3
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Kueue |
cpe:/a:redhat:kueue_operator:1
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Data Grid 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_data_grid:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhdh:1
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:container_native_virtualization:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Trusted Profile Analyzer |
cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_profile_analyzer:2
|
|
| Red Hat | Self-service automation portal 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_portal:2
|
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2
|
{
"containers": {
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CVE-2025-61780 (GCVE-0-2025-61780)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-10 16:53 – Updated: 2025-10-10 20:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Rack has Possible Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, and 3.2.3, a possible information disclosure vulnerability existed in `Rack::Sendfile` when running behind a proxy that supports `x-sendfile` headers (such as Nginx). Specially crafted headers could cause `Rack::Sendfile` to miscommunicate with the proxy and trigger unintended internal requests, potentially bypassing proxy-level access restrictions. When `Rack::Sendfile` received untrusted `x-sendfile-type` or `x-accel-mapping` headers from a client, it would interpret them as proxy configuration directives. This could cause the middleware to send a "redirect" response to the proxy, prompting it to reissue a new internal request that was not subject to the proxy's access controls. An attacker could exploit this by setting a crafted `x-sendfile-type: x-accel-redirect` header, setting a crafted `x-accel-mapping` header, and requesting a path that qualifies for proxy-based acceleration. Attackers could bypass proxy-enforced restrictions and access internal endpoints intended to be protected (such as administrative pages). The vulnerability did not allow arbitrary file reads but could expose sensitive application routes. This issue only affected systems meeting all of the following conditions: The application used `Rack::Sendfile` with a proxy that supports `x-accel-redirect` (e.g., Nginx); the proxy did **not** always set or remove the `x-sendfile-type` and `x-accel-mapping` headers; and the application exposed an endpoint that returned a body responding to `.to_path`. Users should upgrade to Rack versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, or 3.2.3, which require explicit configuration to enable `x-accel-redirect`. Alternatively, configure the proxy to always set or strip the header, or in Rails applications, disable sendfile completely.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-10 20:34 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/57277b7741581… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/7e69f65eefe9c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/fba2c8bc63eb7… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-48710 (GCVE-0-2025-48710)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-04 05:50 – Updated: 2025-06-04 13:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.
Severity
4.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-06-04 13:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-441 - Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')
Assigner
References
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CVE-2025-47269 (GCVE-0-2025-47269)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-09 20:59 – Updated: 2025-05-10 01:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
code-server session cookie can be extracted by having user visit specially crafted proxy URL
Summary
code-server runs VS Code on any machine anywhere through browser access. Prior to version 4.99.4, a maliciously crafted URL using the proxy subpath can result in the attacker gaining access to the session token. Failure to properly validate the port for a proxy request can result in proxying to an arbitrary domain. The malicious URL `https://<code-server>/proxy/test@evil.com/path` would be proxied to `test@evil.com/path` where the attacker could exfiltrate a user's session token. Any user who runs code-server with the built-in proxy enabled and clicks on maliciously crafted links that go to their code-server instances with reference to /proxy. Normally this is used to proxy local ports, however the URL can reference the attacker's domain instead, and the connection is then proxied to that domain, which will include sending cookies. With access to the session cookie, the attacker can then log into code-server and have full access to the machine hosting code-server as the user running code-server. This issue has been patched in version 4.99.4.
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-10 01:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-441 - Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/coder/code-server/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/coder/code-server/commit/47d6d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/coder/code-server/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| coder | code-server |
Affected:
< 4.99.4
|
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CVE-2025-25306 (GCVE-0-2025-25306)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-10 18:13 – Updated: 2025-03-12 19:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Misskey's Incomplete Patch of CVE-2024-52591 Leads to Forgery of Federated Notes
Summary
Misskey is an open source, federated social media platform. The patch for CVE-2024-52591 did not sufficiently validate the relation between the `id` and `url` fields of ActivityPub objects. An attacker can forge an object where they claim authority in the `url` field even if the specific ActivityPub object type require authority in the `id` field. Version 2025.2.1 addresses the issue.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-03-10 19:11 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/releases/t… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| misskey-dev | misskey |
Affected:
< 2025.2.1
|
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CVE-2025-25061 (GCVE-0-2025-25061)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-04 02:10 – Updated: 2025-04-04 14:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Unintended proxy or intermediary ('Confused Deputy') issue exists in HMI ViewJet C-more series and HMI GC-A2 series, which may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to use the product as an intermediary for FTP bounce attack.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-04 14:20 UTC
CWE
- CWE-441 - Unintended proxy or intermediary ('Confused Deputy')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| JTEKT ELECTRONICS CORPORATION | HMI ViewJet C-more series |
Affected:
All versions
|
|
| JTEKT ELECTRONICS CORPORATION | HMI GC-A2 series |
Affected:
All versions
|
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CVE-2025-23217 (GCVE-0-2025-23217)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-06 17:32 – Updated: 2025-02-12 19:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mitmweb API Authentication Bypass Using Proxy Server
Summary
mitmproxy is a interactive TLS-capable intercepting HTTP proxy for penetration testers and software developers and mitmweb is a web-based interface for mitmproxy. In mitmweb 11.1.1 and below, a malicious client can use mitmweb's proxy server (bound to `*:8080` by default) to access mitmweb's internal API (bound to `127.0.0.1:8081` by default). In other words, while the cannot access the API directly, they can access the API through the proxy. An attacker may be able to escalate this SSRF-style access to remote code execution. The mitmproxy and mitmdump tools are unaffected. Only mitmweb is affected. This vulnerability has been fixed in mitmproxy 11.1.2 and above. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-06 19:15 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mitmproxy/mitmproxy/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server-side_request… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mitmproxy/mitmproxy/blob/main/… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-11393 (GCVE-0-2025-11393)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-15 17:03 – Updated: 2026-08-22 19:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Insights-runtimes-tech-preview/runtimes-inventory-rhel8-operator: improper proxy configuration allows unauthorized administrative commands
Summary
A flaw was found in runtimes-inventory-rhel8-operator. An internal proxy component is incorrectly configured. Because of this flaw, the proxy attaches the cluster's main administrative credentials to any command it receives, instead of only the specific reports it is supposed to handle.
This allows a standard user within the cluster to send unauthorized commands to the management platform, effectively acting with the full permissions of the cluster administrator. This could lead to unauthorized changes to the cluster's configuration or status on the Red Hat platform.
Severity
8.7 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-15 18:06 UTC
CWE
- CWE-441 - Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23236 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-11393 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2402032 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Lightspeed (formerly Insights) for Runtimes 1.0 |
Unaffected:
1.0.0-1765483112 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:lightspeed_for_runtimes:1.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Runtimes Inventory Operator |
cpe:/a:redhat:insights-runtimes:1
|
Date Public
2025-12-15 00:00
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Enforce the use of strong mutual authentication mechanism between the two parties.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Whenever a product is an intermediary or proxy for transactions between two other components, the proxy core should not drop the identity of the initiator of the transaction. The immutability of the identity of the initiator must be maintained and should be forwarded all the way to the target.
CAPEC-219: XML Routing Detour Attacks
An attacker subverts an intermediate system used to process XML content and forces the intermediate to modify and/or re-route the processing of the content. XML Routing Detour Attacks are Adversary in the Middle type attacks (CAPEC-94). The attacker compromises or inserts an intermediate system in the processing of the XML message. For example, WS-Routing can be used to specify a series of nodes or intermediaries through which content is passed. If any of the intermediate nodes in this route are compromised by an attacker they could be used for a routing detour attack. From the compromised system the attacker is able to route the XML process to other nodes of their choice and modify the responses so that the normal chain of processing is unaware of the interception. This system can forward the message to an outside entity and hide the forwarding and processing from the legitimate processing systems by altering the header information.
CAPEC-465: Transparent Proxy Abuse
A transparent proxy serves as an intermediate between the client and the internet at large. It intercepts all requests originating from the client and forwards them to the correct location. The proxy also intercepts all responses to the client and forwards these to the client. All of this is done in a manner transparent to the client.