Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-62718 (GCVE-0-2025-62718)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 14:31 – Updated: 2026-04-09 16:15

Title

Axios has a NO_PROXY Hostname Normalization Bypass Leads to SSRF

Summary

Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.0, Axios does not correctly handle hostname normalization when checking NO_PROXY rules. Requests to loopback addresses like localhost. (with a trailing dot) or [::1] (IPv6 literal) skip NO_PROXY matching and go through the configured proxy. This goes against what developers expect and lets attackers force requests through a proxy, even if NO_PROXY is set up to protect loopback or internal services. This issue leads to the possibility of proxy bypass and SSRF vulnerabilities allowing attackers to reach sensitive loopback or internal services despite the configured protections. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.0.

Severity ?

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L

CWE

CWE-441 - Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')
CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

URL

Tags

	https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisorie…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/10661	x_refsource_MISC
	https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/fb3befb6daa…	x_refsource_MISC
	https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1034#sec…	x_refsource_MISC
	https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#sec…	x_refsource_MISC
	https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v1.15.0	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	axios	axios	Affected: < 1.15.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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GHSA-3P68-RC4W-QGX5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-09 17:32 – Updated: 2026-04-09 17:32

Summary

Axios has a NO_PROXY Hostname Normalization Bypass Leads to SSRF

Details

Axios does not correctly handle hostname normalization when checking NO_PROXY rules. Requests to loopback addresses like localhost. (with a trailing dot) or [::1] (IPv6 literal) skip NO_PROXY matching and go through the configured proxy.

This goes against what developers expect and lets attackers force requests through a proxy, even if NO_PROXY is set up to protect loopback or internal services.

According to RFC 1034 §3.1 and RFC 3986 §3.2.2, a hostname can have a trailing dot to show it is a fully qualified domain name (FQDN). At the DNS level, localhost. is the same as localhost. However, Axios does a literal string comparison instead of normalizing hostnames before checking NO_PROXY. This causes requests like http://localhost.:8080/ and http://[::1]:8080/ to be incorrectly proxied.

This issue leads to the possibility of proxy bypass and SSRF vulnerabilities allowing attackers to reach sensitive loopback or internal services despite the configured protections.

PoC

import http from "http";
import axios from "axios";

const proxyPort = 5300;

http.createServer((req, res) => {
  console.log("[PROXY] Got:", req.method, req.url, "Host:", req.headers.host);
  res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
  res.end("proxied");
}).listen(proxyPort, () => console.log("Proxy", proxyPort));

process.env.HTTP_PROXY = `http://127.0.0.1:${proxyPort}`;
process.env.NO_PROXY = "localhost,127.0.0.1,::1";

async function test(url) {
  try {
    await axios.get(url, { timeout: 2000 });
  } catch {}
}

setTimeout(async () => {
  console.log("\n[*] Testing http://localhost.:8080/");
  await test("http://localhost.:8080/"); // goes through proxy

  console.log("\n[*] Testing http://[::1]:8080/");
  await test("http://[::1]:8080/"); // goes through proxy
}, 500);

Expected: Requests bypass the proxy (direct to loopback). Actual: Proxy logs requests for localhost. and [::1].

Impact

Applications that rely on NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1,::1 for protecting loopback/internal access are vulnerable.
Attackers controlling request URLs can:
Force Axios to send local traffic through an attacker-controlled proxy.
Bypass SSRF mitigations relying on NO_PROXY rules.
Potentially exfiltrate sensitive responses from internal services via the proxy.

Affected Versions

Confirmed on Axios 1.12.2 (latest at time of testing).
affects all versions that rely on Axios’ current NO_PROXY evaluation.

Remediation Axios should normalize hostnames before evaluating NO_PROXY, including:

Strip trailing dots from hostnames (per RFC 3986).
Normalize IPv6 literals by removing brackets for matching.

Severity ?

9.3 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "axios"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.15.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-62718"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-441",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-09T17:32:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-09T15:16:08Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Axios does not correctly handle hostname normalization when checking `NO_PROXY` rules.\nRequests to loopback addresses like `localhost.` (with a trailing dot) or `[::1]` (IPv6 literal) skip `NO_PROXY` matching and go through the configured proxy.\n\nThis goes against what developers expect and lets attackers force requests through a proxy, even if `NO_PROXY` is set up to protect loopback or internal services.\n\nAccording to [RFC 1034 \u00a73.1](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1034#section-3.1) and [RFC 3986 \u00a73.2.2](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2), a hostname can have a trailing dot to show it is a fully qualified domain name (FQDN). At the DNS level, `localhost.` is the same as `localhost`. \nHowever, Axios does a literal string comparison instead of normalizing hostnames before checking `NO_PROXY`. This causes requests like `http://localhost.:8080/` and `http://[::1]:8080/` to be incorrectly proxied.\n\nThis issue leads to the possibility of proxy bypass and SSRF vulnerabilities allowing attackers to reach sensitive loopback or internal services despite the configured protections.\n\n---\n\n**PoC**\n\n```js\nimport http from \"http\";\nimport axios from \"axios\";\n\nconst proxyPort = 5300;\n\nhttp.createServer((req, res) =\u003e {\n  console.log(\"[PROXY] Got:\", req.method, req.url, \"Host:\", req.headers.host);\n  res.writeHead(200, { \"Content-Type\": \"text/plain\" });\n  res.end(\"proxied\");\n}).listen(proxyPort, () =\u003e console.log(\"Proxy\", proxyPort));\n\nprocess.env.HTTP_PROXY = `http://127.0.0.1:${proxyPort}`;\nprocess.env.NO_PROXY = \"localhost,127.0.0.1,::1\";\n\nasync function test(url) {\n  try {\n    await axios.get(url, { timeout: 2000 });\n  } catch {}\n}\n\nsetTimeout(async () =\u003e {\n  console.log(\"\\n[*] Testing http://localhost.:8080/\");\n  await test(\"http://localhost.:8080/\"); // goes through proxy\n\n  console.log(\"\\n[*] Testing http://[::1]:8080/\");\n  await test(\"http://[::1]:8080/\"); // goes through proxy\n}, 500);\n```\n\n**Expected:** Requests bypass the proxy (direct to loopback).\n**Actual:** Proxy logs requests for `localhost.` and `[::1]`.\n\n---\n\n**Impact**\n\n* Applications that rely on `NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1,::1` for protecting loopback/internal access are vulnerable.\n* Attackers controlling request URLs can:\n\n  * Force Axios to send local traffic through an attacker-controlled proxy.\n  * Bypass SSRF mitigations relying on NO\\_PROXY rules.\n  * Potentially exfiltrate sensitive responses from internal services via the proxy.\n  \n  \n---\n\n**Affected Versions**\n\n* Confirmed on Axios **1.12.2** (latest at time of testing).\n* affects all versions that rely on Axios\u2019 current `NO_PROXY` evaluation.\n\n---\n\n**Remediation**\nAxios should normalize hostnames before evaluating `NO_PROXY`, including:\n\n* Strip trailing dots from hostnames (per RFC 3986).\n* Normalize IPv6 literals by removing brackets for matching.",
  "id": "GHSA-3p68-rc4w-qgx5",
  "modified": "2026-04-09T17:32:19Z",
  "published": "2026-04-09T17:32:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
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      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-3p68-rc4w-qgx5"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62718"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/10661"
    },
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      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/fb3befb6daac6cad26b2e54094d0f2d9e47f24df"
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    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1034#section-3.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v1.15.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Axios has a NO_PROXY Hostname Normalization Bypass Leads to SSRF"
}

FKIE_CVE-2025-62718

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-04-09 15:16 - Updated: 2026-04-09 17:16

Severity ?

9.3 (Critical) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1034#section-3.1
	security-advisories@github.com	https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/fb3befb6daac6cad26b2e54094d0f2d9e47f24df
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/10661
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v1.15.0
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-3p68-rc4w-qgx5
	134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-3p68-rc4w-qgx5

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 1.15.0, Axios does not correctly handle hostname normalization when checking NO_PROXY rules. Requests to loopback addresses like localhost. (with a trailing dot) or [::1] (IPv6 literal) skip NO_PROXY matching and go through the configured proxy. This goes against what developers expect and lets attackers force requests through a proxy, even if NO_PROXY is set up to protect loopback or internal services. This issue leads to the possibility of proxy bypass and SSRF vulnerabilities allowing attackers to reach sensitive loopback or internal services despite the configured protections. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.0."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-62718",
  "lastModified": "2026-04-09T17:16:24.557",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 9.3,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-04-09T15:16:08.650",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1034#section-3.1"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/fb3befb6daac6cad26b2e54094d0f2d9e47f24df"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/10661"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v1.15.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-3p68-rc4w-qgx5"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "url": "https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-3p68-rc4w-qgx5"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-441"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-918"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-62718 (GCVE-0-2025-62718)

GHSA-3P68-RC4W-QGX5

FKIE_CVE-2025-62718

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature