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CVE-2026-46116 (GCVE-0-2026-46116)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-28 09:35 – Updated: 2026-09-08 08:49
VLAI
Title
xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete KASAN reproduces a slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete()'s hlist_del_rcu calls under syzkaller load on linux-6.12.y stable (reproduced on 6.12.47, also reachable via the same code path on torvalds/master and on the ipsec tree). Nine unique signatures cluster in the xfrm_state lifecycle, the load-bearing one being: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __hlist_del include/linux/list.h:990 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in hlist_del_rcu include/linux/rculist.h:516 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c Write of size 8 at addr ffff8881198bcb70 by task kworker/u8:9/435 Workqueue: netns cleanup_net Call Trace: __hlist_del / hlist_del_rcu __xfrm_state_delete xfrm_state_delete xfrm_state_flush xfrm_state_fini ops_exit_list cleanup_net The other observed signatures hit the same slab object from __xfrm_state_lookup, xfrm_alloc_spi, __xfrm_state_insert and an OOB write variant of __xfrm_state_delete, all on the byseq/byspi hash chains. __xfrm_state_delete() guards its byseq and byspi unhashes with value-based predicates: if (x->km.seq) hlist_del_rcu(&x->byseq); if (x->id.spi) hlist_del_rcu(&x->byspi); while everywhere else in the file (e.g. state_cache, state_cache_input) the safer hlist_unhashed() check is used. xfrm_alloc_spi() sets x->id.spi = newspi inside xfrm_state_lock and then immediately inserts into byspi, but a path that observes x->id.spi != 0 outside of xfrm_state_lock can still skip-or-hit the byspi unhash inconsistently with whether x is actually on the list. The same holds for x->km.seq versus byseq, and the bydst/bysrc unhashes have no predicate at all, so a second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object writes through LIST_POISON pprev. The defensive change here: - Use hlist_del_init_rcu() instead of hlist_del_rcu() on bydst, bysrc, byseq and byspi so a second deletion is a no-op rather than a write through LIST_POISON pprev. The byseq/byspi nodes are already initialised in xfrm_state_alloc(). - Test hlist_unhashed() rather than the value predicate for byseq/byspi, so the unhash decision tracks list state rather than mutable scalar fields. Empirical verification: applied this patch on top of v6.12.47, rebuilt, and re-ran the same syzkaller harness for 1h16m on a previously-crashy configuration that produced ~100 hits each of slab-use-after-free Read in xfrm_alloc_spi / Read in __xfrm_state_lookup / Write in __xfrm_state_delete. After the patch, 7.1M execs across 32 VMs at ~1550 exec/sec produced zero xfrm_state UAF/OOB hits. /proc/slabinfo confirms the xfrm_state slab is actively allocated and freed during the run (~143 KiB resident), so the fuzzer is still exercising those code paths -- they just no longer crash. Reproduction: - Linux 6.12.47 x86_64 + KASAN_GENERIC + KASAN_INLINE + KCOV - syzkaller @ 746545b8b1e4c3a128db8652b340d3df90ce61db - 32 QEMU/KVM VMs x 2 vCPU on AWS c5.metal bare metal - 9 unique signatures collected in ~9h, all within xfrm_state lifecycle
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-763 - Release of Invalid Pointer or Reference
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b4dc3181b4bfc5f5…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3943fcad7694a7d0b…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c617848ae6e4f07a…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b4a53add2fa8f1b5a…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26edb0a3c99f9d958…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4980162de555cb838…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2e2d08fb070fab49…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/14acf9652e5690de3…
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-46116 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2482523 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… x_sadp-csaf-vex
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:41235 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:41234 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:39371 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42919 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:47739 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:43231 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:44385 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36018 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59143 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:39179 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59146 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:47633 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:49033 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:47869 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59142 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59147 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59145 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59148 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:59149 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:39180 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:47632 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/…
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 , < 6b4dc3181b4bfc5f5fc33ab33b1dc6e15759f4b6 (git)
Affected: 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 , < 3943fcad7694a7d0b15aeabe7d3cc2a2eb8e92e8 (git)
Affected: 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 , < 2c617848ae6e4f07a3e397f604208c293bbecacc (git)
Affected: 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 , < b4a53add2fa8f1b5aa17d4c5686c320785fab182 (git)
Affected: 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 , < 26edb0a3c99f9d958c212be68b21f1221614dcf0 (git)
Affected: 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 , < 4980162de555cb838f1a189ce7d2cbf5d2e7b050 (git)
Affected: 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 , < a2e2d08fb070fab4947447171f1c4e3ca5a188e5 (git)
Affected: 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 , < 14acf9652e5690de3c7486c6db5fb8dafd0a32a3 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 2.6.19
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.19 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.261 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.210 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.176 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.140 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.88 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.30 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0.7 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 Unaffected: 0:6.12.0-211.37.1.el10_2 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support Unaffected: 0:6.12.0-55.88.1.el10_0 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support Unaffected: 0:3.10.0-1160.156.1.rt56.1308.el7 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_extras_rt_els:7
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support Unaffected: 0:3.10.0-1160.156.1.el7 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-553.144.1.rt7.485.el8_10 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::nfv
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-553.144.1.el8_10 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-305.199.1.el8_4 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-305.199.1.el8_4 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.4
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-372.204.1.el8_6 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-372.204.1.el8_6 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.6
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-477.156.1.el8_8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions Unaffected: 0:4.18.0-477.156.1.el8_8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-687.22.1.el9_8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-284.183.1.el9_2 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-284.183.1.rt14.468.el9_2 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2::nfv
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-427.139.1.el9_4 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-570.129.1.el9_6 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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              "status": "unaffected",
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete\n\nKASAN reproduces a slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete()\u0027s\nhlist_del_rcu calls under syzkaller load on linux-6.12.y stable\n(reproduced on 6.12.47, also reachable via the same code path on\ntorvalds/master and on the ipsec tree). Nine unique signatures cluster\nin the xfrm_state lifecycle, the load-bearing one being:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __hlist_del include/linux/list.h:990 [inline]\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in hlist_del_rcu include/linux/rculist.h:516 [inline]\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\n  Write of size 8 at addr ffff8881198bcb70 by task kworker/u8:9/435\n\n  Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\n  Call Trace:\n   __hlist_del / hlist_del_rcu\n   __xfrm_state_delete\n   xfrm_state_delete\n   xfrm_state_flush\n   xfrm_state_fini\n   ops_exit_list\n   cleanup_net\n\nThe other observed signatures hit the same slab object from\n__xfrm_state_lookup, xfrm_alloc_spi, __xfrm_state_insert and an OOB\nwrite variant of __xfrm_state_delete, all on the byseq/byspi\nhash chains.\n\n__xfrm_state_delete() guards its byseq and byspi unhashes with\nvalue-based predicates:\n\n\tif (x-\u003ekm.seq)\n\t\thlist_del_rcu(\u0026x-\u003ebyseq);\n\tif (x-\u003eid.spi)\n\t\thlist_del_rcu(\u0026x-\u003ebyspi);\n\nwhile everywhere else in the file (e.g. state_cache, state_cache_input)\nthe safer hlist_unhashed() check is used. xfrm_alloc_spi() sets\nx-\u003eid.spi = newspi inside xfrm_state_lock and then immediately inserts\ninto byspi, but a path that observes x-\u003eid.spi != 0 outside of\nxfrm_state_lock can still skip-or-hit the byspi unhash inconsistently\nwith whether x is actually on the list. The same holds for x-\u003ekm.seq\nversus byseq, and the bydst/bysrc unhashes have no predicate at all,\nso a second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object writes through\nLIST_POISON pprev.\n\nThe defensive change here:\n\n  - Use hlist_del_init_rcu() instead of hlist_del_rcu() on bydst,\n    bysrc, byseq and byspi so a second deletion is a no-op rather\n    than a write through LIST_POISON pprev. The byseq/byspi nodes\n    are already initialised in xfrm_state_alloc().\n  - Test hlist_unhashed() rather than the value predicate for\n    byseq/byspi, so the unhash decision tracks list state rather than\n    mutable scalar fields.\n\nEmpirical verification: applied this patch on top of v6.12.47, rebuilt,\nand re-ran the same syzkaller harness for 1h16m on a previously-crashy\nconfiguration that produced ~100 hits each of slab-use-after-free\nRead in xfrm_alloc_spi / Read in __xfrm_state_lookup / Write in\n__xfrm_state_delete. After the patch, 7.1M execs across 32 VMs at\n~1550 exec/sec produced zero xfrm_state UAF/OOB hits. /proc/slabinfo\nconfirms the xfrm_state slab is actively allocated and freed during\nthe run (~143 KiB resident), so the fuzzer is still exercising those\ncode paths -- they just no longer crash.\n\nReproduction:\n\n  - Linux 6.12.47 x86_64 + KASAN_GENERIC + KASAN_INLINE + KCOV\n  - syzkaller @ 746545b8b1e4c3a128db8652b340d3df90ce61db\n  - 32 QEMU/KVM VMs x 2 vCPU on AWS c5.metal bare metal\n  - 9 unique signatures collected in ~9h, all within xfrm_state\n    lifecycle"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The xfrm_state lifecycle is reached through the NETLINK_XFRM and PF_KEY socket interfaces (local syscalls); the freed object and the race are set up by the attacker\u0027s local state-management operations, not by remote packets.\nAC:L - Although it is a race/double-free, the attacker controls all racing actors (concurrent DELSA/ALLOCSPI/FLUSHSA threads plus namespace teardown they trigger) and can repeat indefinitely; syzkaller hit it ~100 times per hour, so a targeted trigger is reliable.\nPR:L - All xfrm operations require CAP_NET_ADMIN, but the check is against the netns user namespace, so an unprivileged user obtains it via `unshare -Urn` and exercises the per-netns xfrm_state path.\nUI:N - The attacker performs all state creation, deletion and namespace teardown itself; no victim action is required.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to the kernel\u0027s own slab memory within the same security authority; it is not a hypervisor or IOMMU boundary crossing.\nC:H - The slab-use-after-free gives the attacker control over freed xfrm_state contents and read-UAF sites (xfrm_alloc_spi/__xfrm_state_lookup), enabling arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The UAF/OOB writes an attacker-influenced 8-byte list pointer into freed/adjacent slab memory, providing a heap write primitive leveragable for arbitrary write and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The slab-use-after-free and out-of-bounds writes corrupt kernel hash chains, reliably causing oops/panic and bringing the kernel down."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:29:48.359Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b4dc3181b4bfc5f5fc33ab33b1dc6e15759f4b6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3943fcad7694a7d0b15aeabe7d3cc2a2eb8e92e8"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c617848ae6e4f07a3e397f604208c293bbecacc"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b4a53add2fa8f1b5aa17d4c5686c320785fab182"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26edb0a3c99f9d958c212be68b21f1221614dcf0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4980162de555cb838f1a189ce7d2cbf5d2e7b050"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2e2d08fb070fab4947447171f1c4e3ca5a188e5"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/14acf9652e5690de3c7486c6db5fb8dafd0a32a3"
        }
      ],
      "title": "xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-46116",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-28T09:35:30.689Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-13T15:03:33.098Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T08:49:17.291Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-46116",
      "date": "2026-09-13",
      "epss": "0.0013",
      "percentile": "0.02958"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-09T14:48:30.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-46116",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-46116",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-02T00:00:00.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-46116.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-46116\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-05-28T10:16:27.080\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-09-08T09:18:07.767\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Undergoing Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nxfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete\\n\\nKASAN reproduces a slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete()\u0027s\\nhlist_del_rcu calls under syzkaller load on linux-6.12.y stable\\n(reproduced on 6.12.47, also reachable via the same code path on\\ntorvalds/master and on the ipsec tree). Nine unique signatures cluster\\nin the xfrm_state lifecycle, the load-bearing one being:\\n\\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __hlist_del include/linux/list.h:990 [inline]\\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in hlist_del_rcu include/linux/rculist.h:516 [inline]\\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\\n  Write of size 8 at addr ffff8881198bcb70 by task kworker/u8:9/435\\n\\n  Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\\n  Call Trace:\\n   __hlist_del / hlist_del_rcu\\n   __xfrm_state_delete\\n   xfrm_state_delete\\n   xfrm_state_flush\\n   xfrm_state_fini\\n   ops_exit_list\\n   cleanup_net\\n\\nThe other observed signatures hit the same slab object from\\n__xfrm_state_lookup, xfrm_alloc_spi, __xfrm_state_insert and an OOB\\nwrite variant of __xfrm_state_delete, all on the byseq/byspi\\nhash chains.\\n\\n__xfrm_state_delete() guards its byseq and byspi unhashes with\\nvalue-based predicates:\\n\\n\\tif (x-\u003ekm.seq)\\n\\t\\thlist_del_rcu(\u0026x-\u003ebyseq);\\n\\tif (x-\u003eid.spi)\\n\\t\\thlist_del_rcu(\u0026x-\u003ebyspi);\\n\\nwhile everywhere else in the file (e.g. state_cache, state_cache_input)\\nthe safer hlist_unhashed() check is used. xfrm_alloc_spi() sets\\nx-\u003eid.spi = newspi inside xfrm_state_lock and then immediately inserts\\ninto byspi, but a path that observes x-\u003eid.spi != 0 outside of\\nxfrm_state_lock can still skip-or-hit the byspi unhash inconsistently\\nwith whether x is actually on the list. The same holds for x-\u003ekm.seq\\nversus byseq, and the bydst/bysrc unhashes have no predicate at all,\\nso a second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object writes through\\nLIST_POISON pprev.\\n\\nThe defensive change here:\\n\\n  - Use hlist_del_init_rcu() instead of hlist_del_rcu() on bydst,\\n    bysrc, byseq and byspi so a second deletion is a no-op rather\\n    than a write through LIST_POISON pprev. The byseq/byspi nodes\\n    are already initialised in xfrm_state_alloc().\\n  - Test hlist_unhashed() rather than the value predicate for\\n    byseq/byspi, so the unhash decision tracks list state rather than\\n    mutable scalar fields.\\n\\nEmpirical verification: applied this patch on top of v6.12.47, rebuilt,\\nand re-ran the same syzkaller harness for 1h16m on a previously-crashy\\nconfiguration that produced ~100 hits each of slab-use-after-free\\nRead in xfrm_alloc_spi / Read in __xfrm_state_lookup / Write in\\n__xfrm_state_delete. After the patch, 7.1M execs across 32 VMs at\\n~1550 exec/sec produced zero xfrm_state UAF/OOB hits. /proc/slabinfo\\nconfirms the xfrm_state slab is actively allocated and freed during\\nthe run (~143 KiB resident), so the fuzzer is still exercising those\\ncode paths -- they just no longer crash.\\n\\nReproduction:\\n\\n  - Linux 6.12.47 x86_64 + KASAN_GENERIC + KASAN_INLINE + KCOV\\n  - syzkaller @ 746545b8b1e4c3a128db8652b340d3df90ce61db\\n  - 32 QEMU/KVM VMs x 2 vCPU on AWS c5.metal bare metal\\n  - 9 unique signatures collected in ~9h, all within xfrm_state\\n    lifecycle\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6\",\"lessThan\":\"6b4dc3181b4bfc5f5fc33ab33b1dc6e15759f4b6\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6\",\"lessThan\":\"3943fcad7694a7d0b15aeabe7d3cc2a2eb8e92e8\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6\",\"lessThan\":\"2c617848ae6e4f07a3e397f604208c293bbecacc\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6\",\"lessThan\":\"b4a53add2fa8f1b5aa17d4c5686c320785fab182\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6\",\"lessThan\":\"26edb0a3c99f9d958c212be68b21f1221614dcf0\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6\",\"lessThan\":\"4980162de555cb838f1a189ce7d2cbf5d2e7b050\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6\",\"lessThan\":\"a2e2d08fb070fab4947447171f1c4e3ca5a188e5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6\",\"lessThan\":\"14acf9652e5690de3c7486c6db5fb8dafd0a32a3\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"2.6.19\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"2.6.19\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.261\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.210\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.176\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.140\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.88\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.30\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.0.7\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.0.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Red 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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-24T20:01:11+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-46116",
      "id": "CVE-2026-46116",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-28T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "2273",
      "product_status:known_affected": "22",
      "product_status:under_investigation": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-46116.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-11T01:12:17Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-46116",
      "id": "CVE-2026-46116",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-29T01:16:57Z",
      "product_status:first_fixed": "17",
      "product_status:known_affected": "506",
      "product_status:recommended": "617",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-46116",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-46116.json",
      "version": "26"
    }
  }
}



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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.