CVE-2025-54782 (GCVE-0-2025-54782)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-01 23:36 – Updated: 2025-08-04 15:23Title
@nestjs/devtools-integration's CSRF to Sandbox Escape Allows for RCE against JS Developers
Summary
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. In versions 0.2.0 and below, a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was discovered in the @nestjs/devtools-integration package. When enabled, the package exposes a local development HTTP server with an API endpoint that uses an unsafe JavaScript sandbox (safe-eval-like implementation). Due to improper sandboxing and missing cross-origin protections, any malicious website visited by a developer can execute arbitrary code on their local machine. The package adds HTTP endpoints to a locally running NestJS development server. One of these endpoints, /inspector/graph/interact, accepts JSON input containing a code field and executes the provided code in a Node.js vm.runInNewContext sandbox. This is fixed in version 0.2.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-08-04 15:23 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-devtools-in… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-typescript-… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://nodejs.org/api/vm.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://socket.dev/blog/nestjs-rce-vuln | x_refsource_MISC |
Shadowserver
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: cbbb24cf-4110-4fb7-bdec-8db46f3d1401
Exploited: Yes
Characteristics
Severity:
0.0
Timestamps
First Seen: 2025-08-18
Asserted: 2025-08-18
Last Seen: 2026-07-16
Scope
Asset Exposure: ['internet-facing']
Notes: Affected: Nest / Nest | Class: web-app-framework | Severity: None (CVSS 0) | IoT: no | In CISA KEV: no | Honeypot connections on 2026-07-16: 6
Evidence
Type: Honeypot
Signal: In The Wild Attempts
Confidence: 70%
Source: shadowserver
Details
| 1D | 1 |
|---|---|
| Iot | no |
| Feed | Shadowserver Foundation honeypot/exploited-vulnerabilities |
| Type | http-scan |
| Class | web-app-framework |
| 7D Avg | 0 |
| Vendor | Nest |
| 30D Avg | 0 |
| 90D Avg | 1 |
| Product | Nest |
| Cisa Kev | no |
| Connections | 6 |
| Observation Date | 2026-07-16 |
| Vulnerability Class | CVSS |
| Vulnerability Score | 0 |
| Vulnerability Severity | None |
References
Created: 2026-06-30 09:23 UTC
| Updated: 2026-07-18 01:01 UTC
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: dfa724ef-88df-4239-a041-de68383a2579
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2025-09-18
Asserted: 2025-09-18
Scope
Notes: KEVIntel entry: @nestjs/devtools-integration's CSRF to Sandbox Escape Allows for RCE against JS Developers | Affected: nestjs / nest | CVSS: 9.4 (CRITICAL) | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: True
Evidence
Type: Public Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 70%
Source: kevintel
Details
| Feed | KEVIntel (kevintel.com) |
|---|---|
| Title | @nestjs/devtools-integration's CSRF to Sandbox Escape Allows for RCE against JS Developers |
| Vendor | nestjs |
| Product | nest |
| Added Date | 2025-09-18T00:00:00.000Z |
| Cvss Score | 9.4 |
| Epss Score | None |
| Cvss Severity | CRITICAL |
| Epss Percentile | None |
| Used In Malware | unknown |
| Ahead Of Cisa Kev | None |
| Not Yet In Cisa Kev | True |
References
Created: 2026-06-23 14:03 UTC
| Updated: 2026-07-10 06:14 UTC
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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