CVE-2026-77415 (GCVE-0-2026-77415)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 21:01 – Updated: 2026-08-21 21:01
VLAI
Title
JSONata: Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions
Summary
JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, crafted JSONata expressions could chain several object-integrity weaknesses to execute arbitrary code. The chain could overwrite $clone to mutate objects through evaluateTransformExpression, expose and deconstruct JSONata functions or lambdas through $merge.*, replace proc.arguments.forEach used by applyProcedure, and forge internal lambda state. These primitives allowed an attacker to reach prototype getters, prototype and constructor access, and process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
jsonata-js jsonata Affected: < 1.8.8
Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.2.1
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "jsonata",
          "vendor": "jsonata-js",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.8.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.0.0, \u003c 2.2.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, crafted JSONata expressions could chain several object-integrity weaknesses to execute arbitrary code. The chain could overwrite $clone to mutate objects through evaluateTransformExpression, expose and deconstruct JSONata functions or lambdas through $merge.*, replace proc.arguments.forEach used by applyProcedure, and forge internal lambda state. These primitives allowed an attacker to reach prototype getters, prototype and constructor access, and process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 9.3,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-21T21:01:09.203Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/security/advisories/GHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/security/advisories/GHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/800",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/800"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/802",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/802"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/47c0e58542202c705726663166dbee5fcae47d06",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/47c0e58542202c705726663166dbee5fcae47d06"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/4b217d514376e30cba278941298d7ba97c4a6c6e",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/4b217d514376e30cba278941298d7ba97c4a6c6e"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/59e25144fc3b7125f6befd71b8a6e14e1fa610d2",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/59e25144fc3b7125f6befd71b8a6e14e1fa610d2"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f09df8416eab8ff44926fc6527c80fb8701de159",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f09df8416eab8ff44926fc6527c80fb8701de159"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f174348c7fa30f271b63ddedf0767e814004bc4d",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f174348c7fa30f271b63ddedf0767e814004bc4d"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v1.8.8",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v1.8.8"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v2.2.1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v2.2.1"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "JSONata: Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-77415",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T21:01:09.203Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-20T19:55:27.024Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-21T21:01:09.203Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-77415",
      "date": "2026-08-22",
      "epss": "0.00508",
      "percentile": "0.41336"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-77415\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2026-08-21T21:17:07.553\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-21T21:17:07.553\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, crafted JSONata expressions could chain several object-integrity weaknesses to execute arbitrary code. The chain could overwrite $clone to mutate objects through evaluateTransformExpression, expose and deconstruct JSONata functions or lambdas through $merge.*, replace proc.arguments.forEach used by applyProcedure, and forge internal lambda state. These primitives allowed an attacker to reach prototype getters, prototype and constructor access, and process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"jsonata-js\",\"product\":\"jsonata\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"\u003c 1.8.8\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"\u003e= 2.0.0, \u003c 2.2.1\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV40\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"4.0\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X\",\"baseScore\":9.3,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"attackRequirements\":\"NONE\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"vulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"vulnIntegrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"vulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"subConfidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subIntegrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subAvailabilityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"exploitMaturity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"confidentialityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"integrityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"availabilityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackVector\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackComplexity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackRequirements\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedPrivilegesRequired\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedUserInteraction\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Safety\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Automatable\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Recovery\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"valueDensity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"providerUrgency\":\"NOT_DEFINED\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-94\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/47c0e58542202c705726663166dbee5fcae47d06\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/4b217d514376e30cba278941298d7ba97c4a6c6e\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/59e25144fc3b7125f6befd71b8a6e14e1fa610d2\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f09df8416eab8ff44926fc6527c80fb8701de159\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f174348c7fa30f271b63ddedf0767e814004bc4d\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/799\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/800\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/pull/802\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v1.8.8\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/releases/tag/v2.2.1\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/security/advisories/GHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"}]}}"
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.